Republic of Turkey Ministry of Transport, Maritime Affairs and Communications

General Directorate of Infrastructure Investments

The most advanced transportation infrastructure connecting the continents

EurasIa TunnEl

The Eurasia Tunnel Project will be constructed between Kazlıçeşme and Göztepe along a 14.6 km route including a total 5.4 km twin-deck tunnel that will cross the Bosphorus beneath the seabed, with an aim to relieve Istanbul’s transcontinental traffic pressure.

In addition to a road tunnel to cross the Bosphorus, The Eurasia Tunnel Project also includes the improvement and widening of current roads that lead to the tunnel on both sides of the Bosphorus for 9.2 km in total.

Istanbul will be rewarded with a safe, fast and environment-friendly transportation linkThe project will create a convenient and direct link between Asia and Europe. The Project, which stands out with important public benefits such as reduced travel times and increased safety, will also contribute to reductions in fuel consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and noise pollution.

Istanbul will have an environment friendly transportation facility that has no impact on its natural beauty and legendary silhouette as the project is mindful of ecologic balances and does not harm marine life.

“The Eurasia Tunnel Project, initiated as part of the vision to provide all our citizens with high quality, balanced, safe, environmentally sensitive, just and cost efficient transportation services, shall not only increase the quality of life of the residents of Istanbul, but also further the global competitive strength of our country as well.”

H.E. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, The Prime Minister of Turkey

“In this benchmark project, which we are working to accomplish for Istanbul, a world capital located at the meeting point of cultures, civilizations, of East and West, all our efforts are concentrated on elevating our citizens and country to a respectable position as members of a nation that builds roads and paves the way for its future as defined a national target by Atatürk.”

H.E. Binali Yıldırım, The Minister of Transport, Maritime Affairs and Communications of Turkey

“The Eurasia Tunnel Project shall constitute one of the most important steps for a stronger economic cooperation between South Korea and Turkey. I trust that economic cooperation opportunities that gained momentum as a result of this important project will continue to increase.”

H.E. Sangkyu Lee, Ambassador of the Republic of Korea

The Eurasia Tunnel is one of the most important parts of the transportation infrastructure towards the national target* which dictates “no compromise in individual rights and wellbeing, full warranty of safety of life, compliance with current technology as well as international law and regulations, attaining inner-city transport times at a maximum of 30 minutes in a setting where the environment is decidedly preserved.”

*Excerpt from 2023 Transportation Vision prepared in leadership of TUBITAK – Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey.

The most practical link between the airports will boost Istanbul’s international roleThe Eurasia Tunnel will provide the most sensible route between Atatürk International Airport on the European Side and Sabiha Gökçen International Airport on the Asian Side. The integration brought about by the tunnel between these two major airports is expected to contribute significantly to the position of Istanbul in the international air transport industry.

Build-Operate-Transfer ModelCompetitive international tenderThe Project will be completed in 55 months, approximately with a total investment of USD 1.3 billion. The Turkish Korean Joint Venture has won the tender that was floated on 30 June 2008 by General Directorate of Infrastructure Investments of the Ministry of Transport, Maritime Affairs and Communications of Republic of Turkey (AYGM, formerly DLH, General Directorate of Railways Harbors and Airports Construction on tender date) and thereafter continued its operations under the registered name of Avrasya Tüneli İşletme İnşaat ve Yatırım A.Ş. (Eurasia Tunnel Operation Construction and Investment Inc., ATAŞ). Beginning of the works ceremony was held on February 26th in 2011.

ATAŞ, established as a leadership of Yapı Merkezi from Turkey and SK E&C from Korea, has undertaken all investment of the Eurasia Tunnel including the construction works. Following a scheduled construction period of 55 months, approach roads will be handed over to İstanbul Metropolitan Municipality and ATAŞ will be responsible for the operation and maintenance of the tunnel for a period of approximately 26 years. At the end of the contract period, the entire transport infrastructure will be handed over to the public authority.

Why is the Eurasia Tunnel needed? Istanbul’s transportation infrastructure needs significant investment and improvement. Together with rapid population growth and economic development lasting for many years; considerable pressure has been added on the existing transport system. The transportation between the two continents has become a major issue with the two existing bridges presently operated over their capacities as evidenced by severe daily delays in crossings over the Bosphorus. The Eurasia Tunnel Project is planned to alleviate this pressure by providing a third road crossing of the Bosphorus and bringing essential benefits to passengers in Istanbul.

A public benefit project connecting two continents, designed to sustain the ingenuity of today’s solutions well into the civilization of the future by virtue of a long service life, superior engineering and respect for the heritage of the past.

10. Safety lanes at every 600 meters

Yapı Merkezi and SK E&C bring in their total accumulated experience gained in numerous projects across the world and they will employ the latest and the most advanced technologies in construction and operation phases.

The Operation Center is the main hub where the uninterrupted and safe working of the tunnel around the clock with an efficient traffic flow is ensured.

As being a company responsible for Istanbul, ATAŞ is sensitive to the potential environmental and social impacts of The Eurasia Tunnel Project. Through a process called “Environmental and Social Impact Assessment” (ESIA), ATAŞ fulfilled its responsibility to the community in which it operates.

Within the context of ESIA, which is carried out in full compliance with the most progressive international standards and strictest performance criteria, the impacts of the project on the environment and the society were defined, all relevant publics were consulted and their opinions were taken into account, and mitigation measures which are undertaken to avoid and reduce adverse effects and to provide benefits

were identified. All information in scope of ESIA, was regularly reviewed and it is continuously updated.

Standing out as a superior access service that embraces the urban texture and the neighbors along its route, The Eurasia Tunnel is a thoroughly transparent and participative project, whereby an Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) has been duly prepared. ESMP is currently in place and defines all mitigation measures of probable impacts that are identified during the ESIA process as well as how they will be implemented during the planning, construction and operation periods. Along with every detail of ESIA, the ESMP is publicly shared in the project website (www.avrasyatuneli.com).

Responsibility to the community was fulfilled by a comprehensive ESIA process

Safe and comfortable travel is guaranteed by the project containing advanced technology systems

1. Functional, reliable traffic management and monitoring completely integrated with current metropolitan transportation system

2. Modern lighting technology for the safe navigation and visual safety of the vehicles and passengers

3. High capacity ventilation for a clean and healthy travel medium

4. Special fire fighting system readily accessible from every point in the tunnel

5. Fire-resistant surface coating

6. CCTV monitoring 7x24 every point of the tunnel and incident detection systems

7. Communication and notification system reachable from every point in the tunnel

8. General public announcement system

9. Emergency evacuation system with alternating passages between lower and upper decks along the tunnel’s full length and safe waiting spaces

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The Eurasia Tunnel Project will be constructed between Kazlıçeşme and Göztepe along a 14.6 km route including a total 5.4 km twin-deck tunnel that will cross the Bosphorus beneath the seabed, with the aim to alleviate İstanbul’s transcontinental traffic pressure.

In addition to a road tunnel to cross the Bosphorus, The Eurasia Tunnel Project also includes the improvement and widening of current roads that lead to the tunnel on both sides of the Bosphorus for 9.2 km in total.

The fastest transportation link between Asia and Europe

The Eurasia Tunnel will create a transit route, which will provide the fastest transportation link between Turkey’s Asian and European Sides. It will link the Zeytinburnu and Bakırköy regions which are west of the Historical Peninsula with Üsküdar and Kadıköy which are on the Asian Side. In this way, these parts of Istanbul will be brought close to each other.

The Eurasia Tunnel is designed to allow the passage of only light vehicles (automobiles, minivans and vans up to certain size). Neither heavy vehicles and two-wheel vehicles nor pedestrians will be permitted in the tunnel.

Expected to shorten the journey time between Kazlıçeşme and Göztepe substantially, easy connections with the bridges and main arteries have been taken into consideration in the planning of the Eurasia Tunnel.

The project is comprised of three main sections

Widening from 2x3 and 2x4 lanes to 2x4 and 2x5 lanes along approximately 3.8 km-stretch of the current D-100 road that links at Göztepe to Ankara-Istanbul State Highway as well as construction of bridge intersections, one overpass and modernization of pedestrian bridges to allow access by the handicapped.

Asian SideThe construction of two-deck road tunnel with two lanes on each deck, an administrative building on one side and toll plazas and ventilation shafts on both ends of the tunnel.

Bosphorus CrossingConstruction of U-turns as underpasses and handicapped-friendly pedestrian crossings as overpasses along Kennedy Street that stretch between Kazlıçeşme and Sarayburnu. Widening of this 5.4 km segment of Kennedy Street from 2x3 lanes and 3x2 lanes to 2x4 lanes.

European Side

Bosphorus

Bridge

When the project enters into service, the journey time presently taking up to 100 minutes will be able to decrease to as little as 15 minutes.

Most advanced TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) technologies will be employed throughout the Bosphorus crossing spanning 3.4 kilometers.

The tunnel construction, which will commence from the Asian Side, will be completed on the European Side as the TBM, specifically designed and manufactured for this project, advances by boring and excavating the rocks and soil beneath the seabed. At the deepest point, the TBM will be 106 meters below sea level and will never approach at less than 26 meters to the seabed. Thus, the safe working conditions for the TBM will be ensured.

The Eurasia Tunnel will be ranked 1st in the world among the mix-shield (slurry) TBMs in terms of face pressure value at 11 bars. The Eurasia Tunnel Project is ranked 6th in the world with TBM excavation diameter of 13.7 meters.

Due to presence of both marine sediments and rock formations with dissimilar pressure strengths along the route of Tunnel Boring Machine, which is planned for a daily advancement speed of 8 to 10 meters, the project is regarded as one of the world’s outstanding and rare engineering feats.

NATM (New Austrian Tunnel Method) will be used for the construction of the connection tunnel sections that remain outside the Bosphorus crossing.

Vertical scale is 5 times greater than horizontal scale.

One of the top engineering projects of the world

The project route will advance mostly inside a rock-soil formation throughout the Bosphorus and will pass first through a rock mass section (Thrace Formation) on the Asian Side.

Thereafter, it will cross through sea sediments and will resurface on the European Side after passing through once again a rock mass section (Thrace Formation).

Geological Profile Vertical and horizontal scales are identical.

Shortest way, connecting the main arteries...“Key link complementing the highway network”

Project finance informationTotal Investment : 1.280 M USDCapital Investment : 320 M USDCredits : 960 M USD*

*A credit package having the longest tenure (18 years) in Turkish Build-Operate-Transfer Infrastructure Projects.

1.2.

European Investment Bank

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

The Export-Import Bank of Korea

Direct Funding Credits550 M USD

2.1.

Covered LenderEuropean Investment Bank

Credits under the Guarantees by Turkish Banks200 M USD

Yapı ve Kredi Bankası

Türkiye İş Bankası

Garanti Bankası

Guarantors

2.3.

Credits Funded under Korean Export Credit Guarantee Agencies 210 M USDGuarantorsKorea Trade Insurance Corporation

The Export-Import Bank of Korea

2.2.

Covered LendersSumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation

Standard Chartered Bank

Mizuho Bank

SK E&C is the construction and engineering arm of the SK Group, the 3rd largest business group in Korea and ranked 72nd in Fortune’s Global 500 List of the world’s largest corporations. SK E&C has ranked 45th in the list of Top 225 Contractors list of ENR 2012.

Since its founding in 1977, SK E&C has become a globally competitive infrastructure, building, housing, plant, and ubiquitous-business construction and engineering firm and has helped South Korea’s reputation become synonymous with excellence in construction and engineering.

SK E&C has world-class technology, particularly for underground storage, and has introduced state-of-the-art design, construction and maintenance services in all areas of civil engineering, such as SOC projects, high-speed rail and subway construction, mixed-use complexes, reclamation and port construction.

SK E&C has been providing its customers with ever better residential apartments, and continues to build office buildings, educational facilities, high-class cultural and commercial facilities, luxurious hotels, and sports complexes.

Over the years SK E&C has carried out oil refining, gas and petrochemical projects in 23 countries around the globe, emerging as a major player in the global industry. SK E&C is offering a complete package of services for the power plant such as coal-fired and combined cycle, independent power producer projects including direct operation&maintenance power plants.

SK E&C currently offers mobile phone system construction services and a comprehensive range of communications solutions and is expanding to provide home network, u-City and other u-business services and solutions.

SK E&C will continue to improve its global competitiveness and seek greater globalization to fulfill its dream of becoming a global top tier company.

www.skec.comEstablished in 1965, Yapı Merkezi Construction and Industry Inc. is a leading contractor in Turkey focusing on large scale general contracting works and especially the design and construction of mass transportation systems like intra-city systems like metros and tramways as well as intercity high speed rail projects. With half a century of experience, Yapı Merkezi serves for the development of world civilization.

Yapı Merkezi Group’s portfolio is composed of construction (mass transit by road and rail systems, heavy construction, mass housing utilizing prefabrication and prestressing technologies, restoration and strengthening), real estate (development, financing), manufacturing (precast concrete prefabrication, GRP pipes up to 4 meter circumference) and services (schools, education).

Yapı Merkezi boasts significant experience in tunnels, bridges and railway construction having completed 1500 km of railways in 34 systems that currently provide safe transport in three continents especially in UAE, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Morocco and Sudan for more than 2 million passengers daily. Relevant projects include; Dubai Metro, Izmir Metro, Antalya and Istanbul Tramways, Istanbul LRTS, Eskisehir LRTS, Kayseri LRTS and Taksim-Kabataş Funicular Systems.

Yapı Merkezi has ranked 135th in 2005, 124th in 2007, 127th in 2009, 155th in 2010 and 143rd in 2011 in the annual list of Top 225 Contractors published by Engineering News Record (ENR).

The construction of Bosphorus Four Seasons Hotel and Şişli Plaza, one of the most prestigious high-rise office-residence complexes in Istanbul, as well as the restoration of historic Galata Tower are some of the milestone projects where Yapı Merkezi demonstrates its construction expertise of 39 million square meters.

Yapı Merkezi realizes projects of universal dimensions and always reaches its targets with the determination to complete every project by delivering products and services on time, within budget and with the specified quality. In realizing these targets Yapı Merkezi pursues beauty with a passion and always considers aesthetic sense as a bridge of judgement between concept and reality. Yapı Merkezi always considers professional and humanitarian measures as well as technical measures and processes knowledge to be a scale organization in all its activities. Yapı Merkezi is open, transparent, innovative, basing decisions upon knowledge processing and pioneering in all its fields of activity.

www.ym.com.tr

Thanks to Public-Private Partnership; the Eurasia Tunnel is an exemplary investment for Turkey’s future, focused on sustainability in transportation infrastructure and efficient utility of resources.

The Build-Operate-Transfer model that bears no burden on public funds ensures the efficiency and sustainability of the investment as the Project is designed and undertaken by private sector dynamics and funded by an assembly of international finance institutions.

The project sponsors

The contractor of the Eurasia Tunnel, ATAŞ, is a partnership of Turkish and Korean companies, each renowned with large scale infrastructure and transportation projects in their field of activities. The partners of ATAŞ are Yapı Merkezi from Turkey and the SK E&C from Korea.

While Yapı Merkezi is positioned as the leader, each partner of ATAŞ contributes to the project with their extensive engineering and technical expertise accumulated over a rich array of project achievements and with this project, they will serve both Istanbul and the world civilization.

Concurrently, ATAŞ employs numerous international renowned consultants, all of which contribute to and support different aspects of design, construction and operation phases as leaders in their respective areas of expertise.

Avrasya Tüneli İşletme İnşaat ve Yatırım A.Ş. (ATAŞ) www.avrasyatuneli.com

Avrasya Tüneli İşletme İnşaat ve Yatırım A.Ş Kısıklı Cad. Tekin-Ak İş Merkezi No:3 Kat:1 Daire:5 34662 Altunizade / İstanbul

T: +90 216 474 0520 F: +90 216 474 0524info@avrasyatuneli.com www.avrasyatuneli.com