eu-us energy council technology working group steve bossart us department of energy national energy...
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EU-US ENERGY COUNCIL
Technology Working Group
Steve Bossart
US Department of Energy
National Energy Technology Lab
Assessing Smart Grid Benefits and Impacts: EU and U.S. initiatives
Vincenzo Giordano
Ettore Bompard
European Commission DG JRC
2013 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies
February 26, 2013
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ObjectivesBackgroundAreas of collaborationSmart grid definitionsSmart grid investmentsProject inventoryPerformance and progress
Build metricsImpact metrics
DisseminationFuture Collaboration
Topics2
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Objectives
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Objectives of Joint EU-US Collaboration on Smart Grid
Make sure we speak the same language when it comes to Smart
Grid definitions, terminology and methodological approaches
Build common approaches in assessment framework for smart
grid advances, benefits, and impacts, as well as in information
sharing, leading to practical future opportunities for
transnational cooperation
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Background
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Two workshops with EU and US Smart Grid experts
(Albuquerque Nov 2010, Washington DC Dec 2011)
"EU-U.S. Workshop on Assessment Methodologies for Smart
Grid: Advances, Benefits, and Impacts"
Joint DoE- JRC report
"Assessing Smart Grid Benefits and Impacts: EU and U.S.
initiatives"
Background6
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Areas of Collaboration
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EU-US cooperation
PROJECT INVENTORY
CASE STUDIES
KPI and CBA
Dissemination and sharing
Primary Areas of Joint Collaboration
ISGAN ANNEX I
ISGAN ANNEX II
ISGAN ANNEX III
ISGAN ANNEX IV
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Smart Grid Definitions
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What is a Smart Grid?EU - A Smart Grid is “an electricity network that can intelligently integrate the
behavior and actions of all users connected to it - generators, consumers and
those that do both - in order to efficiently ensure sustainable, economic and
secure electricity supply” [EC Smart Grid Task Force].
US - A Smart Grid uses digital technology to improve reliability, security, and
efficiency (both economic and energy) of the electric system from large
generation, through the delivery systems to electricity consumers and a
growing number of distributed-generation and storage resources [DOE System
Report].
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Context of Smart Grid Smart Grid Enhanced by Smart Grid
Two-way communicationsSensorsControlsDecision support toolsComponents
TransformersPower electronicsConductors
Sensing, control, automation, power transformation, and
communications
Renewable energy resourcesElectric vehiclesEnergy storageDistributed generationConnected appliances/devicesLoad control/demand response
Generation, storage, and load
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Smart Grid Investments
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Smart Grid InvestmentsRequired Smart Grid investments Funding for Smart
Grids development ($/Smart metering deployment
EU €1.5 trillion over 2007-2030 to renew the electrical system from generation to transmission and distribution [IEA 2008].This figure includes investments for Smart Grid implementation and for maintaining and expanding the current electricity system.
€184 million (FP6 and FP7 European funding for projects in the JRC catalogue) About €200 million from European Recovery Fund, ERDF, EERA.National funding: n/a
40 million already installed [JRC, 2011) 240 million by 2020 [Pike Research, 2011]
US $338 (€238) to 476 (€334) billion by 2030 [EPRI, 2011] The costs include the infrastructure to integrate distributed energy resources and consumer systems, but do not include generation costs, transmission expansion , and consumer’s smart appliances and devices
$9.8 (€-) billion in 2009 (US Recovery act; includes Federal and private sector funding)
8 million in 2011 [Smartmeters.com, 2011] 60 million by 2020 [Smartmeters.com, 2011]
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Smart Grid Project Inventory
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US –Inventory of Smart Grid projects
99 projects under SGIG total
budget $8.1 billion
Submission of project information is required under the project schemeInventory of all US Smart Grid projects is underway (ISGAN)
32 projects under SGDP total
budget $1.7 billion
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Progress and Performance
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Policy goals and business case
How much are we progressing
toward a Smart Grid? How do we
measure the level of smartness?
KPI analysis
European Union
Which smart grid solutions
have a viable business case?
For whom? Cost & benefit analysis
Metrics & benefits analysis
Tools:
Smart Grid Computational Tool
Energy Storage Computational Tool
United States
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Features of the Ideal Smart Grid - Services versus Characteristics
EU (Services) US (Characteristics)
Enabling the network to integrate users with new requirements Accommodate all generation and storage options
Enabling and encouraging stronger and more direct involvement of consumers in their energy
usage and managementEnable active participation by customers
Improving market functioning and customer service Enable new products, services, and markets
Enhancing efficiency in day-to-day grid operation
Optimize asset utilization and operate efficientlyEnabling better planning of future network
investment
Ensuring network security, system control and quality of supply
Operate resiliently to disturbances, attacks and natural disasters
Provide the power quality for the range of needs
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DOE Analytical ApproachE
xam
ple
Improvesfeeder voltage regulation
Reduced feeder losses worth$60 per MWh
Automatic Voltage and VAR Control
• Capacitor controls
• Distribution Management System
Functions Mechanisms Benefits
What does the Smart Grid
do?
How does itdo that?
What “goodness”
results?
Monetary Value
What is the goodness
worth?
What are Smart Grid
technologies?
Assets
$6000
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US – Build MetricsKey Questions to Address
1. What was purchased, built, and deployed?
• # of assets or programs
• Type of assets or programs
Configuration of assets
2. How much did it cost?
• Cost segmentation: assets, labor , and specific asset type
3. Where was it installed?
• NERC Region, State, or recipient locations
4. How much of the system was affected?
• % of system, % of customers, % of load
5. What does it do?
• Characteristics of assets or programs: Intended function or use of assets
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Smart Grid FunctionsSensing Control Protection
Wide Area Monitoring, Visualization, and Simulation
Power Flow Control Fault Current Limiting
Diagnosis & Notification of Equipment Condition
Automated Feeder Switching
Dynamic Capability Rating
Real-Time Load Measurement and Management
Automated Islanding and Reconnection
Adaptive Protection
Automated Voltage and VAR Control
Enhance Fault Protection
Real-Time Load Transfer
Customer Electric Use Optimization
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Energy Storage ApplicationsRenewable Support Investment Deferral Ancillary Services Load Management
Renewables Energy Time Shift
Electric Supply Capacity Deferral
Area Regulation Electric Energy Time Shift
Renewables Capacity Firming
T&D Upgrade Deferral Load Following Transmission Congestion Relief
Wind Generation Grid Integration, Short Duration
Substation Onsite Power
Electric Supply Reserve Capacity
Time-of-Use Energy Cost Management
Wind Generation Grid Integration, Long Duration
Electric Service Reliability
Voltage Support Demand Charge Management
Electric Service Power Quality
Transmission Support
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Benefits Analysis FrameworkBenefit
CategoryBenefit
Sub-categoryBenefit
Economic
Improved Asset Utilization
Optimized Generator Operation (utility/ratepayer)Deferred Generation Capacity Investments (utility/ratepayer)Reduced Ancillary Service Cost (utility/ratepayer)Reduced Congestion Cost (utility/ratepayer)
T&D Capital Savings
Deferred Transmission Capacity Investments (utility/ratepayer)Deferred Distribution Capacity Investments (utility/ratepayer)Reduced Equipment Failures (utility/ratepayer)
T&D O&M Savings
Reduced Distribution Equipment Maintenance Cost (utility/ratepayer)Reduced Distribution Operations Cost (utility/ratepayer)Reduced Meter Reading Cost (utility/ratepayer)
Theft Reduction Reduced Electricity Theft (utility/ratepayer)
Energy Efficiency Reduced Electricity Losses (utility/ratepayer)
Electricity Cost Savings
Reduced Electricity Cost (consumer)
Reliability
Power Interruptions
Reduced Sustained Outages (consumer)Reduced Major Outages (consumer)Reduced Restoration Cost (utility/ratepayer)
Power QualityReduced Momentary Outages (consumer)Reduced Sags and Swells (consumer)
Environment Air EmissionsReduced Carbon Dioxide Emissions (society)Reduced SOX, NOX, and PM-10 Emissions (society)
Security Energy SecurityReduced Oil Usage (society)Reduced Wide-scale Blackouts (society)
.
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Five Primary Analytical Focus Areas Peak Demand and Electricity
Consumption
• Advanced metering infrastructure
• Pricing programs & consumer devices
• Direct load control
Operations & Maintenance Savings from Advanced
Metering
• Meter reading• Service changes• Outage management
Distribution System Reliability
• Automated & remote operations
• Feeder switching Monitoring & health sensors
Energy Efficiency in Distribution Systems
• Voltage optimization• Conservation voltage
reduction• Line losses • Operational efficiency
Transmission System Operations & Reliability
• Application of synchrophasor technology for wide area monitoring, visualization, and control
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SGIG Consumer Behavior Studies: Overview of Research Topics
Given the diversity of studies being undertaken as part of the SGIG program, we have a unique opportunity to evaluate issues in several
topical areas:
Research Topical Areas1. Customer Acceptance: What motivates customers to accept time-based rate programs?2. Customer Retention: What motivates customers to remain on time-based rate programs?3. Customer Response: Will customers respond, and if so by how much will they respond, to time-based rate programs?4. Role of enabling technology and information/education: Will customers respond, and if so by how much will they respond, to control and/or information technology and/or education alone?
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Dissemination
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Dissemination platforms - US
www.sgiclearinghouse.org www.smartgrid.gov
www.energy.gov/oe/technology-development/smart-grid
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Future Collaboration
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Future EU US Collaborative Smart Grid Work Mapping activities
Coordination of EU and US mapping exercises of Smart Grid projects within the ISGAN framework.
Clarify definition of large- and small-scale demonstrations, & R&D, demonstration and deployment
Extrapolation of project results
Possible approaches to scale-up project and meta-analyses results to larger control areas
Project Assessment
Approaches to capture non-quantifiable impacts (e.g., social, environmental)
Approaches to capture best practices and lessons learned
Case Study Analysis
Evaluate use of SGCT and ESCT
Parallel consumer behavior studies
Approaches to capture best practices and lessons learned
Other Areas
Clarify driver differences between EU and US and how assessment methodology reflects
differences
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