ethnic conflict
DESCRIPTION
Examines ethnic conflict around the world.TRANSCRIPT
Ethnic ConflictSeptember 21, 2010
PS 212
Globalization and Ethnic ConflictGlobalization allows problems from one area
to spill over into another area.
Can weaken ethnic identities (exposed to different ideas, behavior, material goods.
Economic globalization can give ethnic groups with an education advantage over another group.
Ethnic Conflict and End of Cold WarIncreased attentions since end of Cold War
Many conflicts developed independently of the East-West rivalry but were held in check by superpowers
Extremely difficult to contain to one country
Ethnic diversity does not automatically result in violence or conflict.
Ethnicity and Ethnic IdentityEthnicity, tribalism, and nationalism often
used interchangeably.Tribalism (outdated term).Preferred term for groups is Ethnic Group
(How to determine?)Identity: conception of the self ; social
attributes of particular individuals shaped by many social, cultural, economic and political factors
Ethnic pluralism
Causes of Ethnic ConflictAncient Hatreds?Rarely about just ethnicityPolitical undertonesStereotypes: US vs THEMCompetition for resourcesModernization?Weak political institutionsDemocratizationProliferation of automatic weapons
Costs of Ethnic ConflictPoor get poorerThousands or Millions of DeathsLand Mines (1 death every 22 minutes)Economic CostsCannot DemocratizeRefugees and spillover effectEnvironmental DestructionWorsened Drug Problems
Ethnic Conflicts in AfricaContinent most consumed by ethnic conflict.
Ethnic Conflict in AfricaNigeria
Why so much violence? Biafra Islamic Law
Liberia Americo-Liberians Cycle of Violence
The Sudan What’s the Problem? What’s being done?
Rwanda Tutsi vs. Hutus European Influence Turn around fair play?
Ethnic Conflicts in AsiaIndia
Religious differencesPartition: Ali Jinnah (Muslim League/Pakistan)Jawaharlal Nehru (Secular India)Sikhs and Golden TempleAssassination of Indira GandhiMurders and Rapes of Christians
ChinaChina
The Xinjiang Province and the Uighur SeparatistsUighurs are Muslim, territorybecame part of China in 1949Han-93% of PopulationTibetSuppression of Religion.Migration of Han ChineseLoss of Culture1 million deaths
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka
Complex society Colonial influence Sinhala govt. declared Sinhala the language and Buddhism the religion. Denied Tamils jobs & Education 1983 Targeting of Tamils Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga peace deal (fell through) EU listed LTTE as terrorist org. in 2006 May 2009 End of Civil War
Resolving Ethnic ConflictsMost groups have needs met as country
develops economicallyDemocratic societies offer groups a chance to
form coalitionsDisparities brought about by economic
growth may fuel ethnic conflicts. Redraw borders?Power-Sharing arrangementsFederalism.