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Appendix 1: Regression of log dry weight of different components (Y) on log girth at 1.3 m height (X) for trees and shrubs in natural forest and Tectona plantation

Species component Correlation

coefficient r intercept

log a slope

b Standard error of estimate (SEE)

Standard error of b (SE of b)

Anogeissus latifolia (n=23)

Bole 0.9977 -1.8132 2.0630 0.0346 0.0304 Branch 0.9970 -2.4915 2.6983 0.0523 0.0460 Leaf 0.9798 -3.2713 2.4708 0.1251 0.1100 Root 0.9938 -2.3785 2.2849 0.0635 0.0558 Total 0.9979 -1.8287 2.4177 0.0391 0.0344

Diospyros melanoxylon (n=21)

Bole 0.9961 -2.3639 2.4012 0.0498 0.0486 Branch 0.9941 -3.7528 3.1466 0.0805 0.0785 Leaf 0.9678 -2.7088 1.9890 0.1217 0.1186 Root 0.9923 -2.5205 2.2442 0.0659 0.0643 Total 0.9988 -2.2359 2.5331 0.0289 0.0282

Buchanania lanzan (n=24)

Bole 0.9957 -2.3043 2.3252 0.0567 0.0459 Branch 0.9929 -4.6363 3.6077 0.1140 0.0923 Leaf 0.9858 -2.9857 2.2339 0.1000 0.0810 Root 0.9976 -2.6984 2.2529 0.0413 0.0334 Total 0.9952 -2.4411 2.6143 0.0679 0.0549

Pterocarpus marsupium (n=21)

Bole 0.9937 -2.1871 2.3169 0.0632 0.0597 Branch 0.9936 -3.3958 2.9497 0.0814 0.0769 Leaf 0.9916 -2.3706 1.7609 0.0558 0.0527 Root 0.9754 -2.9550 2.4184 0.1326 0.1253 Total 0.9969 -2.1540 2.4860 0.0474 0.0448

Phyllanthus emblica (n=21)

Bole 0.9970 -2.2675 2.3179 0.0436 0.0415 Branch 0.9914 -3.1576 2.8571 0.0910 0.0867 Leaf 0.9910 -2.2645 1.7667 0.0574 0.0547 Root 0.9964 -2.1898 2.0283 0.0417 0.0397 Total 0.9987 -2.0281 2.4227 0.0297 0.0283

Flaourtia ramontchi (n=15)

Bole 0.9850 -2.0747 2.2774 0.0818 0.1106 Branch 0.9939 -2.7468 2.7141 0.0617 0.0833 Leaf 0.9902 -2.6635 2.0118 0.0583 0.0788 Root 0.9898 -2.5309 2.2709 0.0671 0.0907 Total 0.9940 -1.9179 2.4300 0.0548 0.0740

Lagerstroemia parviflora (n=18)

Bole 0.9957 -2.2277 2.2908 0.0492 0.0534 Branch 0.9898 -2.9451 2.6849 0.0888 0.0964 Leaf 0.9853 -2.7657 2.0988 0.0840 0.0911 Root 0.9920 -3.0475 2.5876 0.0758 0.0822 Total 0.9965 -2.0908 2.4470 0.0472 0.0512

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Species Comp. r Log a b SEE SE of b Saccupetalum tomentosum (n=24)

Bole 0.9933 -2.4161 2.5060 0.0657 0.0810 Branch 0.9937 -3.9360 3.2905 0.0838 0.1033 Leaf 0.9936 -2.7398 2.0922 0.0536 0.0660 Root 0.9957 -3.1304 2.6249 0.0549 0.0676 Total 0.9972 -2.4028 2.6826 0.0456 0.0561

Ggrewia tiliaelfolia (n=18)

Bole 0.9925 -2.4946 2.4910 0.0723 0.0768 Branch 0.9661 -2.7396 2.6410 0.1660 0.1764 Leaf 0.9910 -2.3512 1.8503 0.0590 0.0626 Root 0.9977 -2.6802 2.3433 0.0371 0.0394 Total 0.9893 -2.0260 2.4495 0.0852 0.0905

Eriolaena hookeriana (n=12)

Bole 0.9932 -2.8174 2.7104 0.0579 0.1004 Branch 0.9880 -3.4809 3.1303 0.0893 0.1548 Leaf 0.9927 -2.3127 1.7989 0.0400 0.0693 Root 0.9855 -2.8021 2.4096 0.0758 0.1314 Total 0.9969 -2.4665 2.7390 0.0395 0.0685

Acacia catechu (n=12)

Bole 0.9938 -2.0973 2.3131 0.0508 0.0819 Branch 0.9906 -3.1626 2.9565 0.0800 0.1290 Leaf 0.9822 -2.2882 1.6889 0.0634 0.1022 Root 0.9920 -2.1735 2.0756 0.0518 0.0835 Total 0.9949 -1.9235 2.4333 0.0482 0.0777

‘Other species’(Total of all species) (n=200)

Bole 0.9874 -2.1725 2.2880 0.0842 0.0260 Branch 0.9569 -3.2888 2.9420 0.2051 0.0635 Leaf 0.9678 -2.6977 2.0403 0.1219 0.0377 Root 0.9697 -2.0645 2.2913 0.1327 0.0410 Total 0.9844 -2.0854 2.4750 0.1015 0.0314

Holarrhene antidysenterica (n=11)

Bole 0.9922 -2.2512 2.2691 0.0506 0.0948 Branch 0.9823 -2.1181 2.0801 0.0706 0.1323 Leaf 0.9928 -2.2951 1.8112 0.0388 0.0728 Root 0.9938 -1.8868 1.7701 0.0353 0.0661 Total 0.9955 -1.5853 2.0679 0.0352 0.0659

Tectona grandis (n=15)

Bole 0.9950 -2.3687 2.3636 0.0520 Branch 0.9900 -3.2713 2.6579 0.0850 Leaf 0.9960 -2.8054 2.2401 0.0430 Root 0.9540 -2.2276 2.0172 0.1450 Total 0.9940 -1.9663 2.3001 0.0560

n = no. of trees felled.

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Annex-2: Forest floor biomass (g m-2) on four study sites Components Months Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Average

Dense forest Fresh leaf litter 145 - 3.0 8.0 76.5 87.6 95.7 110.5 155.0 170.5 173.5 160.8 98.84 Party decayed litter 46 185.5 120.6 115.3 105.0 90.5 80.5 78.5 70.5 65.2 62.2 55.6 89.6 Wood litter 175.6 135.5 175.2 150.5 129.0 95.2 85.0 90.2 128.9 140.2 170.5 173.2 137.4 Herbaceous live shoots 1.7 70.0 83.0 145.2 35.2 17.0 15.2 6.0 9.0 4.5 2.0 1.8 32.5 Herbaceous dead shoots 11.5 2.0 2.5 1.9 30.5 20.5 33.0 35.5 18.5 20.5 21.5 18.5 18.03Total litter mass 366.6 321.0 298.8 273.8 310.5 273.3 261.2 279.2 354.4 355.4 406.5 389.6 324.2 Total forest floor 379.8 393.0 384.3 420.9 376.2 310.8 309.4 320.7 381.9 380.4 430.0 409.9 346.2

Regenerated forest Fresh leaf litter 135.0 - 2 6.5 65.5 80.2 90.5 105.0 145.0 165.0 170.0 155.5 93.35 Party decayed litter 40.0 170.5 115.5 110.5 100.5 80.5 75.5 72.6 68.8 62.5 59.5 50.5 83.9 Wood litter 160.5 130.5 165.5 155.5 130.5 110.5 88.5 83.5 110.5 125.5 160.5 162.5 132.2 Herbaceous live shoots 2.5 65.5 75.5 130.5 30.5 25.5 17.5 8.5 12.5 7.2 3.5 1.5 31.7 Herbaceous dead shoots 10.5 1.5 2.0 1.5 40.5 25.5 34.5 36.5 20.5 25.5 27.5 18.5 20.3 Total litter mass 335.5 300.5 283.0 272.5 296.5 271.2 254.5 261.1 324.3 353.0 390.0 368.5 309.2 Total forest floor 348.5 367.5 360.5 404.5 367.5 322.2 306.5 306.1 357.3 385.7 421.0 388.5 361.3

Medium forest Fresh leaf litter 140.0 - 2 7 70.5 82.5 92.5 107.5 150.5 173.0 170.5 162.5 96.5 Party decayed litter 47.0 175.0 117.0 112.0 102.0 85.0 80.5 73.5 67.5 63.0 60.0 53.0 86.3 Wood litter 172.0 130.0 172.0 148.0 127.0 90.0 87.0 88.0 125.5 135.0 165.0 170.0 134.0 Herbaceous live shoots 1.5 68.0 81.0 142.2 32.2 21.0 13.5 4.0 7.5 3.2 1.5 1.5 31.4 Herbaceous dead shoots 8.5 1.5 2.2 1.5 35.5 20.0 30.5 33.5 15.5 18.5 20.2 16.5 16.9 Total litter mass 359.0 305 291.0 267.0 299.5 257.5 260.0 269.0 343.5 371.0 395.5 385.5 316.8 Total forest floor 369.0 374.5 374.2 410.7 367.2 298.5 304.0 306.5 366..0 392.7 417.2 402.5 65.1

Degraded forest Fresh leaf litter 80.5 - 1.0 2.5 8.5 50.5 60.5 80.5 90.5 110.5 115.5 118.0 59.9 Party decayed litter 1.0 85.5 95.5 70.5 60.2 50.5 45.2 40.5 35.2 30.5 30.2 29.5 47.9 Wood litter 50.5 70.5 72.5 69.2 58.5 55.2 59.5 52.5 56.5 49.5 50.2 50.3 57.9 Herbaceous live shoots 1.0 51.5 70.5 90.5 20.5 9.5 9.0 1.8 1.9 1.5 2.0 1.5 21.8 Herbaceous dead shoots 8.5 1.8 1.5 3.5 17.5 15.2 20.5 6.5 3.5 4.5 2.5 4.5 7.5Total litter mass 132.0 156.0 169.0 142.2 127.2 156.2 165.2 173.5 182.2 190.5 195.9 197.8 165.7 Total forest floor 141.5 209 241.0 236.2 165.2 180.9 194.7 181.8 187.6 196.5 200.4 203.8 195.0

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Appendix 3: Fine root biomass on successive sampling in the forest (g m-2 ±1SE).

Components Jun 08 Jul 08 Aug 08 Sep 08 Oct 08 Dec 08 Feb 09 April 09

Dense forest

<1 mm*

Live 195±24.04 148±20.89 315±57.83 350±57.15 345±63.24 225±36.81 260±37.25 200±22.72

Dead 93±13.96 59±8.00 50±7.18 70±10.73 55±7.13 68±11.78 75±10.15 70±9.33

>1-5 mm**

Live 36±4.44 25±3.56 85±14.98 100±12.35 95±17.31 45±7.44 50±9.12 30±5.36

Dead 3±0.48 2± 0.28 4±0.55 10±1.36 5±0.89 3±0.41 3±0.44 4±0.58

Regenerated

<1 mm

Live 145±26.94 160±29.18 225±48.06 275±45.48 265±36.19 150±21.36 170±27.55 130±24.50

Dead 30±4.26 40±7.73 60±10.55 55±7.83 60±10.99 35±4.22 25±4.30 45±8.65

>1-5 mm

Live 25±3.94 30±4.69 45±8.84 50±9.44 47±9.34 30±5.53 35±6.53 20±4.5

Dead 3±0.43 5±0.85 10±1.53 5±0.81 10±1.58 5±0.97 5±0.93 5±0.61

Medium

<1 mm*

Live 185±23.77 150±28.83 295±48.53 300±36.96 280±37.32 200±28.52 230±29.55 160±20.56

Dead 75±9.27 30±5.47 50±10.65 60±7.39 65±8.80 70±9.33 80±10.84 90±12.29

>1-5 mm**

Live 30±3.73 35±4.43 70±13.16 85±12.11 80±15.09 55±7.88 60±8.12 35±7.54

Dead 2±0.34 3±0.64 1±0.12 3±0.44 4±0.73 4±0.73 1±0.12 2±0.26

Degraded

>1 mm

Live 55±8.11 45±5.69 85±10.50 95±13.16 90±11.38 40±5.55 65±9.02 40±6.97

Dead 15±1.87 10±1.66 10±1.14 5±0.96 5±1.18 10±1.25 10±1.87 15±2.03

>1-5 mm

Live 15±1.88 10±1.78 20±3.64 25±4.46 25±3.16 15±1.88 25±3.56 10±1.43

Dead 2±0.25 5±0.61 5±0.81 3±0.41 3±0.46 2±0.36 5±0.63 2±0.32

Este

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