establish goals (fed naaqs) develop programs to achieve goals population p economy gdp$/yr energy...
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Establish Goals(Fed NAAQS)
Develop programsTo achieve goals
PopulationP
EconomyGDP$/yr
Energy UseBtu/yr
Fuel Cons.T/yr
SOX Emiss.T/yrPer Cap Econ
(GDP/P) Energy Efficiency
(Btu/GDP)Fuel Eny.
Factor (T/Btu) Emissions
Factor (T/T)
AmbientAir Quality
DetermineEmission
Reductions
Implement andEnforce Strategies
Track andEvaluate Results
Linear Causality Framework and Bachmann AQM Loop
Linear Causality and Bachmann Air Quality Management Loop
• Current ambient air quality is simulated through monitoring and modeling
• NAAQS are set by the EPA based on health effects of criteria pollutants
• Required emission reductions are determined for areas designated as in non-attainment
• Programs to achieve these goals are developed – State Implementation Plans
• Strategies for reduction in SIP are implemented and enforced
Establish Goals(Fed NAAQS)
Develop programsTo achieve goals
SOX Emiss.T/yr
AmbientAir Quality
DetermineEmission
Reductions
Implement andEnforce Strategies
Linear Causality and Bachmann Air Quality Management Loop
• Strategies for pollutant reduction are implemented and enforced– Potential impact on emissions factor: installation of
scrubbers, other tailpipe solutions– Potential impact on fuel environmental factor: SIP driven
change of fuel mix, increased green tech subsidies– Potential impact on energy efficiency: mandated efficiency
standards (res/comm appliances, car mileage)
EconomyGDP$/yr
Energy UseBtu/yr
Fuel Cons.T/yr
SOX Emiss.T/yrEnergy Efficiency
(Btu/GDP)Fuel Eny.
Factor (T/Btu) Emissions
Factor (T/T)
Implement andEnforce Strategies
Linear Causality and Bachmann Air Quality Management Loop
• Following the implementation and enforcement of strategies in different sectors, ambient air quality is theoretically affected through the linear causality framework
• These results are then tracked and evaluated to determine success
• If NAAQS have still not been met, new emission reductions must be determined and the AQM control mechanism kicks in again
Establish Goals(Fed NAAQS)
SOX Emiss.T/yr
AmbientAir Quality
DetermineEmission
Reductions
Track andEvaluate Results