espon 2013 database malmö seminar, 2-3 december 2009 what is a good map? christine zanin and...
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ESPON 2013 DATABASE
Malmö Seminar, 2-3 December 2009
What is a good map?
Christine Zanin and Nicolas Lambert
UMR Géographie-cités – UMS RIATE
Just Ugly Just Ugly oror Bad Bad andand Good Good??
Source : Espon DataBase 2013, Technical report Mapping guide, 2009
There is not a good or a bad map
There is a map that express a message
Maps are never value-free imagesMaps are never value-free images
Maps gain their value in three ways: Maps gain their value in three ways:
• As a way of recording and storing information
• As a means of analyzing locational distributions and spatial patterns
• As a method of presenting information and communicating findings
Cartography as CommunicationCartography as Communication
• Cartography is closely related to graphical communication
• Maps are symbolic abstractions--"generalizations" or "representations“ of reality
What Is an efficient Map?What Is an efficient Map?
• What is the motive, intent, or goal of the map?
• Who will read the map?
• Where will the map be used?
• What data is available for the composition of the map?
GDP per capita atNUTS 0 level
(ratio)
=
Internationaldisparities
4 Wealthy countries
Luxembourg, Norway, Denmark
and Ireland
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
GDP per capita atNUTS 2/3 level
(ratio)
=
Regionaldisparities
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
GDP atNUTS 0 level
(stock)
=
Internationaldisparities
4 Wealthy countries
Germany, UK,France, Italy
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
GDP atNUTS 1 level
(stock)
=
Economic weightof regions
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
GDP atNUTS 2 level
(stock)
=
Economic weightof regions
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
GDP atNUTS 2/3 level
(stock)
=
Economic weightof regions
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
GDP atNUTS 3 level
(stock)
=
Economic weightof regions
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
GDP per capita atNUTS 0 level(stock+ratio)
=
Put in perspective the level of
wealth per capita by showing what is the importance
of concerned population
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
GDP per capita atNUTS 1 level
(Discontinuites)
=
Disparites betweenEst and West
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
GDP per capita at40km (Grid)
=
Eliminate influence of administrative
divisions
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
GDP per capita at40km
(Potential)
=
Visualisation ofEconomic
concentrations
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
GDP per capita at80km
(Potential)
=
Visualisation ofEconomic
concentrations
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
GDP per capita atNUTS 2 level
(Anamorphosis)
=
Spot more easily populated and rich regions as Ile-de-France or populated and poor as Sicily.
Which map ? Which message ?
Source : AIRE project 2009
Source : Mapping territorial cohesion, French presidency of the EU, 2008
One or two maps ? One or two maps ?
Source : Espon DataBase 2013, Technical report Mapping guide, 2009
Maps are a tool of communication Maps are a tool of communication for ESPON DB 2013for ESPON DB 2013
• The biggest strength of maps is to allow an effective and relevant communication of the information.
• The first question when mapping is related to a question of choices: how to simplify, generalize, represent and symbolize spatial relationships?
7 fundamental goals need to be identified 7 fundamental goals need to be identified to realize a good map: to realize a good map:
• Identify the goal of the map; • Identify the audience of the map and where it will
be used; • Identify the information to be communicated; • Identify the geographical reference (point, line or
area?); • Choose the base map (map projection and scale); • Choose the visual variable (symbolic graphic
language); • Choose layout and identify all the elements to be
added
Thank you for your attention !