eps - the green book

Belgrade, June 2009

2 THE GREEN BOOK OF THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA

Published by: PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia Public Relations Sector 2 Carice Milice St., Belgrade, Serbia www.eps.rs, [email protected]

For the publisher: Dragomir Marković, general manager

Authors: Mihajlo Gavrić, Aleksandar Vlajčić and Bratislav Čeperković

Design: Reakcija, Belgrade

Printed by: Kolor Pres, Lapovo

Circulation: 1500

3THE GREEN BOOK OF THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 5 Purpose of this document 8 Content of the document 10 About us 12 Thermal Power Plants 14 Installed capacities 14 The most important activities in the thermal power plants between 2000–2008 17 Projects for construction of new thermal power plants - PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia 19 Environment and conditions 25 Legislation 27 EU legislation and international contracts 27 The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 27 Kyoto Protocol and the best practices in the energy sector 32 Environmental Legislation of the Republic of Serbia 35

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CONDITION IN THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA IN THE PERIOD 2001–2007 37 Some of the indicators of the environmental condition in the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia 41 Coal generation 41 Electricity generation 43 Programmes and projects of thermal power plants in the area of environmental protection 44 Activities already performed on environmental protection projects in thermal power plants of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia in the period 2003–2007 47

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CONDITIONS IN THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA IN 2008 (THERMAL ENERGY SECTOR) 51 EA TPPs “Nikola Tesla” 54 EA TPPs-OPMs “Kostolac” 66 EA “Pannonian CHP Plants” 73

EXPECTATIONS FOR THE PERIOD 2009–2017 81 Basic development goals and priorities 85 Requirements related to international aid 87

PRIORITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL AID FOR ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA IN THE AREA OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 89

PRIORITIES AND REQUIREMENTS IN THE PERIOD 2009–2017 95 Planned activities for environmental projects at open pit mines, thermal power plants and hydroelectric power plants of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia for the period 2009 –2015 101 Risks of failure to perform the planned activities during implementation of the projects in the thermal power plants of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia 105

ANNEX I – Environmental protection legislation of the Republic of Serbia - Energy sector 107ANNEX II – Action plan of the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia for Environmental protection (Activities and measures) 119ANNEX III – Action Plan of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia for adaptation to climate changes (Activities and measures) 137ANNEX IV – Project proposals – available on CD 141

Abbreviations, glossary of terms and list of tables 145About authors 151

INTRODUCTION


This book-document has been prepared in this form in order to present the strategic and leader position of the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia in the area of South-Eastern Europe (SEE) and West Balkans in the most comprehensive way.

From the aspect of the leading electricity generator and distributor in the region, but the biggest measurable polluter as well (generation of waste, ash and slag, as well as emission of flue gases, SO2, NOx, CO2 etc), the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia as the first Electric Power Industry among the signatory countries of the Energy Treaty recognizes its needs and responsibilities in the area of environmental protection.

It is a known fact that the thermal power sector with the transportation has had the most important adverse effect on the environment as an emitter of harmful gases which are generated as a result of technological processes of electrical power generation from coal. Therefore this sector must have a complex, complete

and comprehensive approach to environmental protection.

In the Electric Power Industry of Serbia this approach is reflected in the fact that the management and the employees of the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia are completely aware of the importance and the necessity for thorough monitoring and implementation of the proclaimed policy of the European Union and the whole international community in the struggle for environmental preservation, prevention and minimization of adverse effects of climate change, transboundary air pollution and a number of negative consequences for near and distant environment, especially with regard to protection of water, soil, air and health of population. The Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia complies with the principle of sustainable development and therefore EPS accepts all EU standards and legislative regulations in the area of environmental protection.


As a programme document The Green Book of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia sets out the priority programme activities related to environmental protection within the thermal power sector, which are the basis for planning of domestic funds and programming of international aid funds, aimed at the improvement of efficiency of these funds. The document is based on the existing strategic framework and defined mid-term goals and it comprises the programme of priority activities and projects for the implementation of these goals. The purpose of this document is to contribute to the implementation of reforms and strategic goals of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia and thus of the country as well, by creating a five-year programme framework and providing the necessary level and structure of international aid. Therefore, this document shall be presented to the donor community in order to enable coordination of the donors’ activities and support with the national development priorities of Serbia which are expressed through the following:

Sustainable Development Strategy for the •Republic of Serbia;Strategy for Energy Sector Development for •the Republic of Serbia until the year 2015;Cleaner Production Strategy for Serbia;•National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP); •Programme for the Achievement of Energy •Sector Strategies;

Framework Plan of PE Electric Power Industry •of Serbia for the reduction of emission of particles from the thermal power sector: ”Emission Control from Coal-Fired TPPs of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia”, financed by the European Agency for Reconstruction, 2003;Prefeasibility study ”Emission Control from •Coal-Fired Power Plants” financed by the European Agency for Reconstruction, 2003;Environmental Protection Law;•Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control - •IPPC;Implementation of the SEE Energy Community •Treaty.

This document sets out the priority goals and plans/programmes for the realization of these goals in the thermal power sector of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia, identifies the priorities for the international support in the future and estimates the necessary international aid based on macroeconomic projections for the observed five-year period. In this respect the document shall be used as an instrument of harmonization and coordination of the donors’ aid.

Since Serbia is the country in the process of joining the European Union, specificities of Serbia as a country and of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia as a recipient of aid consist in the fact that the international aid is mainly directed to the support of

Purpose of this document


the European integration process and reaching of EU standards and norms, as well as the fact that the most important donor is the European Union itself, with all its specific features related to the management of such funds.

The below stated factors have a special importance for the improvement of efficiency of the aid received by Serbia and the Electric Power Industry of Serbia:

coordination of donors’ activities with the •adopted national development strategies and priorities defined in the strategic inter-sector and sector documents; foreseeability of outside financing funds, •in order to improve the efficiency of use of international funds;coordinated use of outside and own financing •funds, gradual directing of the European Union aid and increased use of national systems for financial management and public procurements (introduction of Decentralized Implementation System for management of EU funds). 1

In order to achieve these goals, follow-up their realization and plan the appropriate steps, the Ministry of Finance has introduced an instrument for monitoring of international aid efficiency.

1 Decentralised Implementation System for EU funds-DIS.


The programme presented in this book-document is based on the existing strategic framework, determined by the following:

National strategy of Serbia for joining the •European Union, Sector strategies, •Priorities of European partnership,•Programme approach and commitment to •solving of problems in the area of environmental protection within the Electric Power Industry of Serbia in terms of reaching the national goals of the country related to joining the European Union,Development plan for the Electric Power •Industry of Serbia until the year 2015.

As a programme framework, this document gives the breakdown of the existing situation, mid-term goals and priority programmes of activities for their implementation for the period between 2009-2017. By establishing the programme of activities within the strategic framework it is possible to define the priorities which will provide the most efficient allocation of funds and other types of aid. The tables of priority

Content of the document


reform and investment projects contain all priorities regardless of the financial source (with the designation indicating whether own funds or outside funds have already been provided for the programmes/projects) and they represent a unique programme platform which will provide the donors with a breakdown of planned activities and coordination in allocation of own and external sources of financing. Mid-term goals within the sector, defined in the mentioned strategic documents, have been taken into consideration during the identification of priority programmes/projects. The goal is to define the unique priority list within the sector, as well as programmes/projects for their implementation based on the mid-term priority goals defined in the strategic documents.

In the second chapter of this document priorities for aid are defined, with the intent to determine key areas which would gain significantly from the international help in the near future. This could serve as a basis to the international partners for the preparation of strategic documents which set out the goals and priorities of aid for the energy sector of Serbia. The criteria for identification of priority/key areas for international aid between 2009-2015 were as follows: the level of priority and significance of the area according

to the existing strategic documents of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia related to environmental protection; achieved level of reforms and evaluation of the implementation of strategic, reform goals; significance of providing the international technical support for the implementation of planned activities in the given area and possibilities of providing financial funds from other sources (own funds, budget of the Republic, credits at the capital market, donors’ funds).

Revisions of the document shall be made annually2 , and the document shall cover one additional year, including the achieved progress of reforms, provided funds for financing of the defined priority projects, as well as new priority projects/programmes.

2 In the ЕU regulation which sets out the new financial instrument of the European Union-IPA (IPA - Instrument of Preaccession Assistance) it is stated that the users of these funds are expected to make annual amendments of three-year indicative development plans (roll-on principle).


The problems related to environmental protection have been intensified as a consequence of the long-lasting crisis in the last decade of the past century. During these difficult years the Electric Power Industry of Serbia was forced to generate electricity. Unfortunately, environmental protection was in the background. The consequences of such situation are visible in the direct environment of the utility Electric Power Industry of Serbia, but also outside of its immediate environment, with regard to the transboundary transmission of adverse effects of coal based electrical power generation to the environment. Sulphur and nitrogen oxides are the products of combustion and they enter the air with particulate matter. They combine with atmospheric rainfall and produce acid rain which falls to the ground and adversely affects the complete vegetation. Acid rains have already caused serious consequences on forests of Serbia and its environment.

Since the year 2000, along with the renewal of capacities and achievement of new production records, the Electric Power Industry of Serbia has managed to complete a number of projects which significantly improve environmental protection and which place the Electric Power Industry of Serbia in the leader position in this area in the Republic of Serbia.

Until recently four laws have been adopted, which are harmonized with the EU legislation in the area of environmental protection. One of these laws is the Law on Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC). This law offers the possibility for obtaining of integrated license (license for operation)

with the deadline until the year 2015. Concerning the responsibilities which arise from the Contract on European Community and related to compliance with all principles of the EU in the area of energy sector and environmental protection, electricity trading and market behaviour, the Electric Power Industry of Serbia has prepared an Action Plan for solving of environmental issues, which was verified by the Board of directors of the company. This plan has been accepted by the Government of the Republic of Serbia, as an integral part of the Electric Power Industry Development Plan based on the Programme for achievement of Energy Sector Strategies until 2015, National Environmental Action Plan, National sustainable development strategy and a number of other relevant documents. It is foreseen in the Action Plan to invest 1.2 billion euros in the implementation of environmental protection project until the year 2015. These are, in the first line, the projects for flue gas desulphurization systems (level of necessary investment is app. 530 million euros for the existing power plants) and complete reconstruction of all electrostatic precipitators and bringing of their operation to the emission levels compliant with the EU standards. It is also planned to replace the ash and slag disposal technology and to introduce the continuous emission monitoring for hazardous substances. For the implementation of these projects the financial funds from the following sources are foreseen: own funds, credits, EU aid funds, donors’ funds, investments from the Environmental Protection Funds of the Republic of Serbia, National Investment Plan.

ABOUT US


THERMAL POWER PLANTS

Installed capacItIes

Electricity in the Republic of Serbia is generated within the Electric Power Industry of Serbia, which covers the generation capacities shown in the Table 1 and Fig. 1.

Figure 1. ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM OF SERBIA


Thermal power capacities of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia are composed of:

eight thermal power plants (ТPP) with 25 units, •lignite fired, with the total installed net output of 5,171 МW. Two thermal power plants with seven units, with the total installed net output of 1,235 MW are located on the territory of Kosovo and Metohija; three combined heat and power stations (CHP) •with 6 units with the total installed net output of 353 МW, using liquid and gaseous fuel.

The current status of the temporary international administration on the territory of Kosovo and Metohija (UNMIK), defined by the Resolution 1244 of the UN Safety Council from year 1999 does not allow the Electric Power Industry of Serbia to use and manage the energy capacities in Kosovo and Metohija as an integral part of the system or to plan further development. Hence, the precise data about the exploitation of these plants since the year 1999 are not available and therefore these plants are not included in this document (figure 2).

Table 1. Installed output of the thermal power plants (net output) in MW

Type of the thermal power plant

Installed net output

with capacities in Kosovo and Metohija

%without capacities in Kosovo and Metohija

%

coal fired thermal power plants 5,171 61.9 3,936 55.3

combined heat and power plants (gas and heavy oil) 353 4.2 353 5.0

Hydroelectric power plants 2,831 33.9 2,835 39.7

total power plants of the pe electric power Industry of serbia

8,359 100.0 7,120 100.0


Figure 2. INSTALLED CAPACITIES OF PE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA

The average age of coal-fired thermal power units (Kosovo and Metohija not included), to 31.12.2008 inclusive, amounts to 29 years and is within the range 19–50 years.

The average age of coal-fired thermal power plants (Kosovo and Metohija not included) according to the structure of the nominal power until 31.12.2008 amounts to:

Installed unit output Age

output less than100 МW 50 years

output 100–199 МW 36 years



output 400 МW and more 25 years

This age and the technological obsolescence of the plant, with regard to the fact that the youngest applied technologies originate from the mid 1980s, are causing high specific fuel consumption. The equipment of the

thermal power plants and combined heat and power plants within the Electric Power Industry of Serbia is also characterized by significant heterogeneity, because the boilers were delivered by 11 manufacturers from seven states, turbines by 12 manufacturers from seven states and generators by 10 manufacturers from eight states.

Combined heat and power generation is available in several thermal power plants of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia, such as:

lignite-fired steam units, after turbine •reconstruction at TPP “Nikola Tesla А” (for district heating of Obrenovac) and at TPP “Kostolac А” (for district heating of Pozarevac and Kostolac), gas and liquid-fired steam units (CHP plant •“Novi Sad”, CHP “Zrenjanin” and CHP “Sremska Mitrovica” for district heating systems and process steam).

The project of the district heating of Belgrade from the TPP “Nikola Tesla А” was started with preparation of the documentation at the beginning of the 1980s. the performance of works was commenced in 1993,


however its implementation is suspended at the moment.

The Public Enterprise the Electric Power Industry of Serbia has almost entirely applied combined heat and power generation in the power plants which have the consumers of thermal power in their vicinity. The possibility of thermal power generation for the purposes of district heating is also available at TPP “Kolubara А” (for Lazarevac, which has the municipal district heating network) and at TPP “Morava” (for Svilajnac, which does not have a municipal district heating network). Certain quantity of the process steam is already supplied to the outside consumers from the TPP “Коlubara”.

tHe most Important actIvItIes In tHe tHermal poWer plants betWeen 2000–2008

Keeping in mind the importance of the thermal power sector, as well as the unfavorable technical and technological condition of the plant at the end of year 2000, significant investments in major overhauls, rehabilitations and upgrading of thermal power plants have been achieved in the period between 2001–2008.

Priority programmes were implemented on the plants which experienced major technical limitations at the end of year 2000 and which were partly shut down or operated with reduced capacities. New investments in the equipment significantly increased their availability in the first line.

The most significant procedures performed in thermal power plants are as follows: ТPP “Kolubara А5”, TPP “Nikola Tesla А1, А2, А3, А4, А5 and А6”, ТPP “Nikola Tesla B2”, ТPP “Kostolac А1 and А2”, ТPP “Kostolac B1 and B2”, ТPP “Morava”.

tHe current tecHnIcal condItIons of tHermal poWer plants

With the participation of 60.3% in the installed output of generation plants of the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia, the thermal power sector has participated with more than 65% in the total production of electrical power in the year 2005 (coal-fired TPP 64.1% and CHP with 1.1%). Thermal power plant operating indicators for the period 2001–2008 are shown in the Table 2.

Table 2. Thermal power plant operating indicators

Indicators Unit 2001 2003 2005 2007

total generation of electrical power in the power plants of the pe electric power Industry of serbia

GWh 30,061 30,107 34,443 31,556

Generation in coal-fired tpps GWh 18,974 20,383 22,138 23,016

readiness for operation of tpps % 68.5 74.4 76.9 76.9


The above intensive investments in upgrading the technical condition of units in thermal power plants in the period between 2001–2008 resulted in operational improvements, reflected in the first line in achieving the best indicators of power plant operation since the year 1992 in the year 2008:

equivalent coefficient of forced shut downs in •2000 amounted to 32.3%, and 15.6% in 2005;equivalent coefficient of forced shut downs in •2000 amounted to 32.3%, and 15.6% in 2005; readiness of thermal power plants for operation •was increased from 68.5% (2001) to 76.9% (2005);generation in the coal-fired power plants was •increased from 18,974 GWh (2001) to 22,138 GWh (2005).

Thermal power plants, especially lignite-fired ones, have an adverse environmental effect. At the end of year 2000 in almost all thermal power plants in the Republic of Serbia the emission of solid particles, sulphur and nitrogen oxides exceeded the allowed emission limit values (ELV). In addition, disposal of ash and slag and waste water treatment were not solved in a proper way.

The obligations which arise from the local and European legislation impose the performance of significant environmental protection projects in the existing power plants until year 2015 and such projects and activities are necessary for obtaining of integrated license. With this goal numerous activities have been commenced within the Electric Power Industry of Serbia and implementation of the most important projects lies ahead.

projects of reHabIlItatIon and modernIzatIon of tHermal poWer plants WItHIn tHe pe electrIc poWer Industry of serbIa

It can not be expected that the tendency of improving exploitation characteristics of the thermal power plants from the period 2000–2008 would be continued in the years ahead until 2015, because the rehabilitation activities will be conducted on units which are in better condition than the units which have already been covered by the projects for extending the life time.

The achieved level of production and reliability of capacities can not be maintained and improved without further major investments in rehabilitation and modernization of the production capacities. In addition to rationalization of electrical power consumption, increase of the generation of the existing capacities and extension of their life time represent the fastest way of solving the current problems within the energy sector.

The actual technical condition of thermal power capacities of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia at the end of year 2008 requires continuation of the overhaul works and current maintenance and increase of their scope compared to their usual scope and content, as well as performing of rehabilitation and modernization of capacities, including implementation of the projects related to environmental protection. In spite of the above positive influences of performed unit rehabilitations, as well as expected improvements following the performance of the planned activities, we should not neglect the fact that the average age of thermal power plants is 29 years. Therefore the evaluation of technical condition of capacities within the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia should consider the fact that this company will still fall behind when compared with the electrical power systems of the developed European countries.


sHut doWn of plants of tHe electrIc poWer Industry of serbIa

Besides the stated measures which will be performed in order to increase the efficiency of plant operation, it is also planned to shut down the oldest and the most unprofitable steam units of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia. Those are TPPs “Kolubara А1–А4” (total nominal output 161 MW, available output app. 120 MW), which are 45–50 years old and which have been in operation for 255,000 to 330,000 operating hours. These units are operating with the specific consumption of over 16,000 kJ/kWh, which leads to negative economic, financial and environmental consequences. At the same time, their operation endangers the operating safety and safety of the personnel and equipment. Since it would be non-profitable to invest further in increasing of operation efficiency and safety level after the year 2012, it is planned to shut down these four units by 2014. The units A1, А4 and А2 will be shut down by 2012.

projects for constructIon of neW tHermal poWer plants - pe electrIc poWer Industry of serbIa

Plans for construction of new thermal power plants within the Electric Power Industry of Serbia are determined by three basic priorities:

introduction of new more efficient and •environmentally acceptable technologies, with the purpose of reducing the consumption of primary energy and solving the problems in the area of environmental protection; short-term investments in new electrical power •sources with gas technologies (combined gas-steam cycle) and combined generation of electrical and thermal power for the conditions of very favorable economic development and possibly unfavorable conditions for generation

of electrical power from the existing electrical power sources; capital-intense investments in new power •plants and participation of Serbian energy entities in planning and implementation of energy-strategic projects at the level of internal and regional/pan-european market, which would provide new and replacement stand-by capacities of energy sources in due time.

With the implementation of respective projects in Serbian energy sector, the complete energy sector of Serbia would achieve the new state of quality by 2015, with regard to the technological and generation performances of the energy systems as wholes, but also with regard to the financial and economical effects in business and development of energy entities in new conditions on domestic and international energy market. A major challenge and chance for the Serbian energy sector is creating of energy market of south-eastern Europe, which is assisted by the European energy companies and EU institutions, but also the countries of this region in their efforts to strengthen their own positions in the common market. Therefore, if we wish to achieve further development, strengthening and reaching the adequate position in the energy market, intensive building of new, up-to-date capacities within the energy sector of Serbia is necessary.

The implementation of such projects requires long-term and complex preparatory activities, the part of which is related to concretization and implementation of measures foreseen by the Energy Law, which enable market business of all entities which are dealing with energy and creation of favorable ambient for foreign investments in building of new energy facilities in the Republic of Serbia, thus acquiring of partial or complete ownership in the facilities constructed in this way.


Therefore, stimulating and supporting of strategic initiatives in the area of investment in new energy sources implies very concrete measures and activities that should create conditions providing a satisfying level of investment safety to potential investors (strategic partners), as well as recognizable terrain for the implementation of investments in the energy sector, which are almost always financially intense and sensitive to regulatory changes and the political environment. It is necessary for the Government of the Republic of Serbia to create the conditions which will provide a sufficient level of certainty that the new generation capacities would be exploited under the circumstances which have been foreseen, that is which are foreseeable to the reasonable extent for the complete exploitation lifetime of the plant, built with the investments from the private sector (strategic partners). Depending on the model for the implementation of investments in the energy sector (joint investments, concession, tender), the Government of the Republic of Serbia should take the appropriate actions for stimulating strategic initiatives in this area. Regardless of the model, the Government of the Republic of Serbia shall provide the coordinated approach, activity and promptness of all authorities participating in the process of issuing of different documents (approvals, licenses, opinions etc.), necessary for the performance of activities within the energy sector, in order to enable the application and implementation of any concept for development of market business of energy entities.

With regard to different solutions in several system laws and their diverse application to the issues of common investments in the energy sector, it is necessary to find the solution at the state level, by changing or adjusting the regulations or defining the conditions, methods and dynamics for stimulation of investments in the energy sector.

In respect of the above stated and keeping in mind the priorities defined in the “Strategy for Energy Sector Development until the year 2015”, the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia plans to perform the following activities related to the new thermal power facilities in the Republic of Serbia in the period until 2012:

1. construction of new TPP and CHP using the domestic fuel, which includes:

construction of new thermal power plants •using Kolubara lignite;construction of new thermal power plants with •boilers with fluidized-bed combustion of low heat value lignite;

2. construction of new TPP and CHP using the imported fuel, which includes:

reconstruction of CHP plant “Novi Sad” into •combined gas-steam cycle or construction of new gas-steam unit at the same location.

constructIon of neW tHermal poWer plants usInG domestIc fuel

Starting from the reserves of primary energy in the Republic of Serbia (in the situation when it is impossible to plan the use of resources in Kosovo and Metohija), and the fact that the significant part of technically usable and economically feasible hydropotential has already been used, new capacities, which can compensate for the forecasted lack of output and electricity in the near future, can be built using the coal from open pits of Kolubara and Kostolac coal basin. The quantities of coal in this basin are sufficient for the planned development potential and the coal can be used under the economically and environmentally most acceptable conditions in the climate of urgent need for compensation of large energy deficits.


Taking into consideration the already performed activities and the existing investment-technical documentation, new thermal power capacities can be built until 2015 using the coal from Kolubara basin and later on the coal from Kostolac basin as well. However, it is necessary to commence, i.e. update the previously performed activities related to checking the possibilities of building the plant for electrical power generation which would use coal from other basins and mines in Serbia, with application of old-fashioned and modern technologies of coal combustion.

constructIon of tHermal poWer plants usInG Kolubara lIGnIte

The project of construction of thermal power plants using Kolubara lignite should be underlined as the most important activity. It is characteristic regarding the financial value of the project and its key importance for the energy system of Serbia and the region.

Generation of electricity from the new lignite-fired thermal power capacity of at least 4,800 GWh annually, in the base load operation, according to the “Strategy for the development of the energy sector in the Republic of Serbia until 2015”, would provide safety and regularity in the supply of industries and population with electricity without import. The dynamic plan in the area of investment in new energy sources foresees its commissioning in the period 2011/2012.

completIon of constructIon of unIts at tpp “Kolubara b” 2x350 mW

The decision to construct the TPP “Kolubara B”, with the capacity 2x350 МW, was made in year 1984. At that time it was planned to complete the construction work until 1990. The decisions related to financing of construction were made in accordance with this

deadline. Contracts for supply of equipment were made and the largest part of equipment was supplied. The break-up of former SFRY and introducing of UN sanctions stopped the already started activities on implementation of this project, manufacture and purchasing of equipment, as well as using of the endorsed credit of the World Bank. The progress of construction works was very slow, until they were finally suspended in year 1992 due to lack of funds. In the second half of the 1990s the project was initiated again, however without any significant outcomes. After the democratic changes in the country (year 2000), the question of continuing the construction gained importance again. In 2004 the study was prepared with a breakdown of previous financing and feasibility study for continuing of construction work. This study led to the conclusion that there are technical solutions which enable TPP “Kolubara B” to achieve up-to-date operating parameters corresponding to units with this output after completion of the construction. This study revealed that more than 300 million euros had been invested in the construction of TPP “Kolubara B”, however that only the facilities and the equipment in the estimated value of app. 220 million euros were in compliance with the up-to-date technical solutions. Finally, it was estimated that another 550 million euros were necessary for the completion of construction works. This option is burdened with the lower efficiency (at the level of 35%). The benefit of this option is a shorter construction period, because the equipment that was already supplied can be used, as well as facilities and works. The lower level of investments is also a benefit.


constructIon of state of tHe art neW unIt WItH tHe nomInal output of 700 mW WItH supercrItIcal parameters

This plant is in accordance with the modern concept mostly used for the construction of new units in Europe. It is characterized by high efficiency and compliance with the highest European environmental standards. As a possible location for such plant we have analyzed the site of TPP “Nikola Tesla B”, and lately also the site of TPP “Kolubara B” under construction. In the investment-technical documentation for the construction of the third unit of TPP “Nikola Tesla B” we analyzed the construction of the 744 МW unit (net output 686 МW), with the net efficiency of app. 40%. Basic investment for this unit is larger than it would be for TPP “Kolubara B” (870 million euros), but the exploitation costs are lower, hence the analyses show that this investment is justified, which means that all parameters of plant profitability are positive (net current value of the project is positive in the amount of 82.6 million euros; internal rate is 10.15%; payback period is eight years from the commencement of unit operation).

Additionally, analyses and expected tendencies of increase of consumption development and of the production capacities’ potential indicate eligibility of this approach. The following should also be taken into consideration:

it is planned to shut down the first 120 MW •(nominal output 161 MW) by 2013 (units А1–А4 at TPP “Kolubara”) due to extremely low efficiency and non-profitable operation, jeopardizing of personnel safety and extremely adverse environmental effect;it is necessary to perform operational reductions •and successive shut down of thermal power capacities after 2015 (output level 100 and 200 MW) due to non-competitiveness on the future market, high investments in increasing of

operating safety and fulfilling of environmental requirements;obvious growth of electricity deficit in south-•eastern Europe and Serbia, which could jeopardize safety of the supply without the new generating capacities (the basic postulate of the current EU guidelines).

This approach is subject to the fact that the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia neither disposes of its own funds, nor has the credit potential and financial potential which would provide the required investment level and this was mainly influenced by the long lasting policy of depreciation of electricity price. On the other hand, a good strategic partnership would provide, besides the financial support, the transfer of knowledge, new technologies and increasing of general business efficiency. Also, the model of privatization through strategic partnership via investment in the basic activity, contributes to preserving of integrity of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia and leads to a leader position in the future regional market.

Taking into consideration the previous activities it is necessary to conduct a transparent tender procedure during 2009, which would result in a selection of the strategic partner for the implementation of the best of the stated options, which would be followed by the implementation of the respective project.

constructIon of neW tHermal poWer plants and combIned Heat and poWer plants usInG Import fuel

Considering Serbia’s dependence on energy imports, it is necessary to perform the measures which would lead to more rational and efficient use of import fuels, in the first line of the gas. In this sense the thermal power sector plans the following:

implementation of the activities and •reconstruction projects which would lead


to more efficient operation of the existing combined heat and power plants;implementation of the activities which would •lead to construction of new thermal power plants or combined heat and power plants, as well as implementation of the activities related •to introduction of new up-to-date gas technologies into generation of electricity and heat in industrial companies and district heating systems.

It is also necessary to establish full cooperation of these activities with the activities being performed on speeding up the development of gas infrastructure in the Republic of Serbia.

Considering the current parity of fuel and energy prices, the Government shall, in order to enable the implementation of the above activities in the Republic of Serbia, establish the system of stimulative and restrictive mechanisms, which would promote an efficient use of the expensive import gas in the first line, as well as other fuels for electricity generation and especially for combined heat and power generation in the respective (cogeneration) plants. Exactly because of all power, economical and environmental advantages which are characteristic for cogeneration it is necessary to create an environment which would enable as follows:

stimulating the application of efficient •technologies during the use of natural gas as fuel or in case that natural or some synthetic gas has already been used (or even produced) in the basic technology;stimulating the construction of stand-by and •new thermal power capacities, in the first line in industries and district heating systems with the application of cogeneration.

It is necessary to create the framework in the near future, in accordance with the EU guidelines

and european practice and using the interest of the investors for construction of new cogeneration plants and such framework should include as follows:

identification of national potentials for use of •high-efficiency cogeneration; determining of national goals (defining and •supervision over the implementation); definition of incentive mechanisms (at the •national level): assistance during preparation of studies and projects, investment assistance, programme of direct incentive through increased prices for supplied electrical and heat power from cogeneration, as well as exemption, reduction and return of taxes and other fees;definition of the criteria for determining •preferential manufacturers; preparation of efficient administrative •procedures.

In addition to the gas, which will certainly be used the most, other fuels should also be covered.

reconstructIon of tHe combIned Heat and poWer plant “novI sad” Into combIned Gas-steam cycle

The largest thermal power facility in the Republic of Serbia which uses natural gas or heavy oil as a fuel is the combined heat and power plant (CHP plant) “Novi Sad”. Its generation cycle is based on steam-turbine technology and it is designed for generation of the base-load thermal power for heating the city of Novi Sad, process steam for the Oil Refinery “Novi Sad” and electrical power for the electrical power system. The installed thermal capacity of the plant was larger than required at the time of construction, because it was planned to fulfill significantly increased requirements for thermal power and process steam, which were anticipated in the city development plans and Oil Refinery plans. However, the requirements of the city and especially of the oil refinery for thermal power, did not achieve the planned values, so that the CHP


plant “Novi Sad” was never operated in the designed regime. Taking into consideration the inappropriate parity of the prices of electricity, thermal power and fuel, as well as high price of natural gas and heavy oil compared to the domestic lignite, the generation price of electrical power from this plant is very high under the current conditions.

The reconstruction of the CHP plant “Novi Sad” into combined plant with gas and steam turbine or construction of new gas-steam unit at the same location should provide competitiveness and profitability of the plant in the conditions of market business and normal parity of fuel and energy prices. Investment-technical documentation is under preparation and it will define the optimal technical and economical solution for the system of combined generation of electrical and thermal power and process steam, with application of the state of the art technical solution and fulfillment of all environmental requirements. All of the above should bring to a significant increase of the plant efficiency.

In this respect different levels of reconstruction of the existing plants are being considered, such as erection of one or several gas turbines, i.e. construction of new gas-steam plant at the same location in the manner which would provide an optimum use of the existing equipment and infrastructure, increase of electricity generation and fulfillment of requirements of consumers of thermal power and process steam.

The new plant should also be flexible with regard to load change and should have the possibility to be started up at great speed, which is very important for functioning of the electrical power system. Furthermore, the additional electrical power capacity in Vojvodina should contribute to the stability of transmission network operation and provide the required reactive power.

Participation of a foreign strategic partner of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia is planned for

the implementation of this project, according to the same methodology which was applied for the implementation of the project of construction of thermal power plants using Kolubara lignite. The tender procedure for the selection of the strategic partner for the project implementation should be conducted in the year 2009. Thereafter it would be proceeded with the project implementation. The project should be implemented by 2012. Since the final technical solution has not been defined yet, it is not possible to estimate the required funds at the moment.

In addition to the completion of the stated works related to the implementation of the project for reconstruction of the CHP plant “Novi Sad”, the activities on preparation of the documentation should also be commenced in the near future. This documentation should include technical solutions, plant configuration, spatial possibilities, investments, energy and economic efficiency, environmental effects, unit power and dynamics for the implementation of the project for reconstruction of the other two CHP plants using natural gas which are owned by the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia (“Zrenjanin” and “Sremska Mitrovica”). In accordance with the results appropriate decisions shall be made related to the implementation of the project.

HeatInG of belGrade from tHe tHermal poWer plant

The study related to feasibility of gas-fired combined heat and power plant in Novi Beograd is currently under preparation. At the moment it is not possible to estimate the optimal output of the plant and hence the value of the investment, as well as financial-economic parameters of the project.


envIronment and condItIons

The Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia, as a modern company, began with the introduction of ISO 14001 standards (EMS), as a part of its modernization and restructuring process, with the deadline for the implementation and certification by the end of 2009. This is the most obvious way to show the tendency of modernization of its generating capacities to the level of obligations and responsibilities in the area of environmental protection which are stipulated in the EU directives.

Furthermore, with the forthcoming investment projects for the construction of two new power plants the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia will be faced with the important activity of a full application of the highest level of technical solutions in order to fulfill the highest standards and norms in the area of environmental protection.

Taking care of the nature and its environment and following the proclaimed EU norms and responsibilities, especially the legislation in the area of environmental protection according to the Energy Community Treaty, the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia clearly sends a word to the public and all participants in the electricity market, institutions of the Republic of Serbia, but to the European Union and international community as well, that it is ready to comply with all requirements and face all the challenges imposed by the necessity to protect the environment.

Naturally, the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia is fully aware of the importance of its role in the future extensive industrial development of the Republic of Serbia, as well as the great contribution from the Electric Power Industry of Serbia as a leading generator of electricity being expected by the Republic of Serbia and the region as well. At the same time this means that the Electric Power Industry of Serbia expects full cooperation of all relevant institutions of

the Republic of Serbia, but also of the International Community in achieving its strategic goals.

From the standpoint of the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia the European Union, the European Commission, the Energy Community Secretariat, Energy Charter, financial institutions, EU funds and other entities, are full partners in the implementation of terms of reference covered by this document. This has been the situation in the past years and it will certainly be so in the future too.

The Green Book of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia has a special importance in strengthening of regional connections in the fight against the climate change, which will be fully supported by the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia, in the first place by founding the Regional Centre for monitoring of climate changes. This centre will be located in Belgrade according to the Decision of the International Community and EU. The next important step is establishing the stock exchange for gas emission trade for the SEE region in Belgrade.

The Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia has expressed its readiness for regional joining by giving the Proposal of the Draft of Balkan Convention on environmental protection in the energy sector, which would be a link between this region and the Alpine Convention on the one hand, and the Carpathian Convention, on the other hand. A full support to the preparation of Balkan Convention has already been provided by the European Commission, DG Tren and DG Environment, but on behalf of all the others by EU commissars for the environmental protection, Mr. Stavros Dimas, and for the energy sector, Mr. Andris Piebalgs.

Since the year 2000, along with renewal of capacities and achievement of new production records, the Electric Power Industry of Serbia has managed to complete a number of projects which significantly improve the environmental protection and place


the Electric Power Industry of Serbia in the leader position in this area in the Republic of Serbia. One of the most significant events in the previous period with multidimensional significance for Serbia and its energy sector, and hence for the Electric Power Industry of Serbia as well, is certainly the enforcement of the Energy Community Treaty. From the political point of view this Contract represents a base factor for the integration of south-eastern Europe region and Serbia into the European Union. With its ratification in the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia, the Electric Power Industry of Serbia is now under the obligation to apply the EU standards in the area of environmental protection which are related to the energy sector (Acquis communautaire Environment). With its application the energy sector of Serbia has become a part of EU in the area of environmental protection de jure as well. The responsibilities from the Contract promote the idea of reaching the same level of liberalization of electricity market in the Eastern European countries as in the EU in the shortest possible term, which means complete opening for all consumers until the year 2015, with the deadline for application of environmental protection regulations by 2017.

With regard to the existing condition and major responsibilities to be fulfilled and plans to be achieved by the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia, we will need support from the other entities for the forthcoming processes. These entities are the EU (DG Environment and DG Tren), the Ministry of energy and mining, the Ministry of environment and spatial planning, the Ministry of finances, the Environmental Protection Fund and all municipal administrations in which we have our plants. Only with the joint effort of all participants in this process, i.e. synergy, we can achieve the goal which was set in front of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia with the deadline

for execution until the year 2017. Otherwise, not only the Electric Power Industry of Serbia, but Serbia itself will face serious problems.

Since the Electric Power Industry of Serbia is the largest company in Serbia and in the Balkans, and given that it affects the whole Serbia by the nature of its technology and its spatial spreading, as well as its connection with the most part of the other economies, it is not difficult to equalize the destiny of the reforms in the area of environmental protection in the Electric Power Industry of Serbia and the destiny of the same reforms in Serbia as a whole. It is believed that 70% of all problems related to the environmental protection are in connection with the energy sector, i.e. the Electric Power Industry of Serbia.

It should be emphasized that 30% of all responsibilities of the country in terms of harmonization and approaching the EU are related to the area of environmental protection, which is the third priority of the EU. Considering the fact that the sense and the goal of the state policy of our country is a valid membership in EU, failure to accomplish this goal would cause major problems not only to the Electric Power Industry of Serbia, but also to Serbia itself in the sense of achievement of the set goal.

It should also be emphasized that it is important to use experiences of the large European companies in solving environmental issues, having in mind the role of potential financing from EU funds. Cooperation in this matter has been very successful until now and as such it represents the model of full cooperation and feasibility for each implemented project. Through EAR and IPA fund, the EU has invested the direct funds or approved the projects with such funds in the amount of app. 75 million euros for the area of environmental protection in the Electric Power Industry of Serbia until now.


eu leGIslatIon and InternatIonal contracts

The top priority in the forthcoming period is the implementation of the SEE Energy Community Treaty, in short the Energy Community Treaty, which was signed on October 25th 2005 in Athens between the European Community on one side and the countries of south-eastern Europe, the Republic of Serbia included, on the other side. The Contract was enforced on July 1st 2006, since it had been ratified by the European Union and six contracting parties from the region. With ratification of this Contract on July

14th 2006 in the National Assembly and notification of the Energy Community Treaty to the depositor (secretary-general of the European Union Council), its stipulations have become binding for the Republic of Serbia from the 1st of September 2006. Along with the other things, the Energy Community Treaty foresees gradual and full application of Аcquis Communataire Environment until 2017, which is related to activities of the energy sector. These responsibilities are defined in the Annex II of the Energy Community Treaty and are related to the following:

Legislation

Implementation of the Directive 2001/80/EC of the European Parliament dated 23 of October 2003 on •the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants and Council Directive 79/409/EEC of 2 April 1979.Implementation of the Council Directive 85/337/EEC of 27 June 1985 on the assessment of the effects •of certain public and private projects on the environment, with modifications and amendments from the Council Directive 97/11/EC of 3 March 1997 and the Directive 2003/35/EC of the European Parliament of 26 of May 2003.Implementation of the Article 4 (2) of the Council Directive 79/409/ EEC of 2 April 1979 on the •conservation of wild birds.Directive 1999/32/EC of the European Parliament of 26 April 1999 regarding the sulphur content of •marine fuels and the amending Directive 93/12/EEC

tHe unIted natIons frameWorK conventIon on clImate cHanGe - unfccc

Climate changes have become one of the most complex and politically most challenging problems in the area of environmental protection. The development of legislation which covers the area of climate changes is under a strong influence of international negotiation process and has a firm foundation in the scientific facts that are published regularly within the framework of the activities of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on climate changes. The implementation of the

policy in the area of climate changes has consequences in many areas of economic and social activities. Nowadays we are facing the tendency of increase in emissions of greenhouse gases, which leads us to a long-term goal of establishing the control of risks caused by climate changes.

Even a sudden stop of emissions of greenhouse gases would not entirely prevent the influence of climate changes to the ecosystem. The reason thereof is a great thermal inertion of the individual components of the climate system, especially the oceans. The currently


observed climate changes may originate from an anthropogeneous effect to the climate system, which has lasted since the 19th century. Natural ecosystems and human society are sensitive not only to the magnitude of the climate extremes, but also to the level of climate change. Therefore, it is very important to control the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) together with the efforts to minimize, through adaptation, the damage already done or the damage which will be done in the near future.

The most vulnerable environmental and socioeconomic systems are those which have the greatest sensitivity to climate changes and the smallest capability to adapt.

In general, socioeconomic systems are more vulnerable in developing countries, especially in the countries which have weaker economy and institutional organization. The nations living in the drought or semi-arid areas, coastal areas, areas susceptible to flooding and small isle countries are at special risk.

In accordance with the aforementioned, we believe that it is of great importance for Serbia to urgently commence the implementation of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Changes, at least in the part related to the basic requirements for the preparation of the inventory of greenhouse gases and reporting on emissions. During the procedure of sequential implementation of the Convention, through preparation of the initial national communication, the whole spectrum of possible solutions will be developed, which could present a good base for the development of concrete projects compatible with the philosophy of sustainable development. We believe that it is realistic to expect that the Governments of developed countries within the Annex II would be interested in such projects, but also the business sectors of these countries, which are very aware of the problem that would be posed in front of us until 2012, i.e. within the first binding period for the reduction of GHG.


The State Union of Serbia and Montenegro ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Changes on March 12th 2001 and gained the status of a non-annex country. The ratification of Kyoto Protocol of 25 September 2007 opened the possibility for the implementation of the projects related to the area of energy efficiency and renewable energy sources by application of clean development mechanisms (CDM projects). In this sense it is very important to prepare the initial national communication (part of the document which is related to the measures for the mitigation of consequences of climate changes) and determine the sector strategies in the application of clean development mechanisms (Strategy for the application of clean development mechanisms in the energy sector of the Republic of Serbia), as well as to form the necessary institutions (designated national authority for the approval of CDM projects – DNA) and establish the procedures and criteria for the approval of this type of projects. It is also necessary to continue the work on building capacities for the preparation of CDM projects.

The Centre for climate changes, which was founded by the decision of the Sixth Ministerial Conference Еnvironment for Еurope in Belgrade between 10-12 October 2007, under the organization of the UN Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and with the support of the EU, could grow into a centre for trading with CO2 emissions for the SEE region, with the head office in Belgrade. Following a decision made by the Government of the Republic of Serbia, the Regional Centre for climate changes was founded in Belgrade, the head office of the Centre was established and material preconditions for its functioning were created. With the development of this Centre the preconditions could be made for its growing into a regional centre for studying of climate changes and trading with emissions for all countries signatories of the SEE Energy Community Treaty. This future status of the Regional Centre has a special economic

significance and it would enable the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia, as one of the interested parties, to take the role of a regional leader in establishing, development and operation of the Regional Centre for climate changes and trading of CO2 emissions.

Following the EU policy promoted in the Green Book of EU in March 2006, as well as other respective documents which define the responsibility related to the reduction of the CO2 emissions by 20% until 2020, which does not impose any direct responsibilities to Serbia as a non-annex country, but entitles Serbia to fully participate as a signatory of the Energy Community Treaty, the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia, from the position of the leader in generation and distribution of electricity in the SEE region, will fully assist to the affirmation of the operations of the Regional Centre for climate changes in Belgrade until 2012. This implies its cooperation with the institutions of the Republic of Serbia and especially with EU DG Тren, DG Environment, Energy Community Secretariat and other authorized institutions and funds. It will also take part in trading with GHG emissions, when this stock exchange opens in Belgrade. The expected level of emission quotes for CO2 could and should be one of the incentives for the economic growth of the country after 2012.

The Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia is completely ready to take the key role in strategic investment projects in the economy of Serbia, in the sense of introducing the best available techniques (BAТ), which will unavoidably occur due to the need of highly developed countries of Europe and world to, following the strict responsibilities for the reduction of CO2 emission, move their production programmes to the areas with available quotes for GHG emissions.

On 2 March 2004 the EU Council adopted the document with the title “Council Conclusions on the further development of the position on a comprehensive post 2012 climate arrangement – Contribution to


the Spring European Council”. The wording of the point 10а is as follows: “In this context, stresses that the Copenhagen agreement should contain binding quantified emission limitation or reduction commitments for at least all Parties listed in Annex I to the UNFCCC and all current EU Member States, EU candidate countries and potential candidate countries that are not included in Annex I to the UNFCCC; calls upon other non Annex I Parties that are at levels of development and GDP/capita comparable to those of the group of developed countries, notably OECD member countries and candidates for membership thereof, to consider making similar commitments commensurate with their responsibilities, capabilities and national circumstances; proposes that the Copenhagen agreement includes an appropriate level of ambition of measurable, reportable and verifiable mitigation commitments and actions by Parties.”

The mentioned document of the European Council is in compliance with the preceding document, prepared by the European Commission on 28 January 2009 and addressed to the European Parliament, Council, European Economic and Social Committee and EU Region Committee. This document sets out that in the post-Kyoto agreement the EU accepts to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases by 20% and that it is ready to accept the reduction of 30% compared to the emissions in year 1990, if this is accepted by the other developed countries. Also, the EU position is to accept the emission reduction of 50% to 80% until 2050, compared to 1990, in order to provide the increase in the average global temperature of less than 20С by the end of this century.

The EU expects from the countries that have the status of candidates for membership, as well as from those which are potential candidates, to support the EU position with regard to the post-Kyoto agreement, which is negotiated at the moment, and to accept the change of their status within the framework of Convention and Kyoto Protocol and accept the

responsibility for emission reduction according to their own capacities. The goal is to be in approximately the same position as other countries EU members once they become the member countries, or to achieve in the shortest possible time the emission level in compliance with the responsibilities of the countries signatories of the Annex I of the Convention, i.e. countries signatories of the Annex B of the Kyoto Protocol. Some of the EU representatives stated in their speeches that they would respect the principle of binding, but differentiated approach, which would take into consideration the specific features of each country and its situation, without dealing with the details of application of this principle.

It should be especially pointed out that Serbia, as a non-annex country, will encounter the problems of financial, technical and, in view of the existing financial and economic crisis, social nature as well, if it finds itself in the situation to accept the responsibility related to quantified reduction of GHG emission in relatively short term, without having any significant technical and technological support. In this case Serbia would, same as the other countries in the region which are non-annex countries, by losing its status of a developing country, lose the chance to receive financial and technical support, as foreseen by the new agreement for the signatory countries excluded from the Annex. At the same time Serbia, as a potential candidate for the EU membership, conducts a number of measures for harmonization of its legal system and its infrastructural systems, including all sectors which are relevant for the implementation of the Convention and Kyoto Protocol. However, at this moment, due to the lack of the initial communication and a detailed inventory of GHG, it is difficult to choose any certain quantified reduction, but it is necessary to put all possible efforts in preparation of required analyses and reports until the end of 2009, based on which the capacities of Serbia could be evaluated more realistically related to quantified reduction of GHG


emission which would not jeopardize the economic development of the country.

It should be expected that Serbia, which is preparing itself for the EU membership, would be provided with certain flexibility in respect of its responsibilities from the new agreement, taking into consideration the gross national income (GNI) per capita. Therefore, the EU readiness to reconsider the position of each candidate country or the position of potential candidates is necessary in bilateral contacts.

It should be noted that Serbia has not prepared a detailed inventory of GHG, but it can be stated with certainty that it “manufactured” app. 50-55 million tons of GHG annually in the base year 1990. If the 10%, i.e. 20% of reduction for the period after 2012 was accepted, this would mean that Serbia would have to reduce the emission for app. 5.5 to 11 million tons annually. Despite of a certain reserve compared to the emissions from 1990, which was a result of drop of economic activities compared with that year, the reduction of more than 10% would be hardly feasible, especially in view of the fact that two new capacities, 750 MW each, or one, because one similar existing capacity would be shut down after commissioning of new plants, would generate the additional 7.5 million tons of СО2 annually. In this sense it is necessary to prepare the first initial national communication as soon as possible, which would include the precise inventory of GHG in the base year 1990, as well as the current inventory, and to prepare the plan for reduction (mitigation) of emissions and for adaptation to climate changes. Without the mentioned documents and analyses, the position of Serbia in the EU negotiations will be neither realistic nor equal. Moreover, it is possible that the solutions which could slow down or even jeopardize its total development for a longer period would be imposed on Serbia.


Kyoto protocol and tHe best practIces In tHe enerGy sector

With regard to the energy sector in Serbia, i.e. the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia, the following best practices can be identified for programme politics and measures for the mitigation of climate changes:

Promotion of energy efficiency (supply and •using of energy);Improvement of energy safety and diversity of •sources;Reforms of the energy sector (privatization and •competitiveness);Development of efficient use of resources •(through “green taxes”).

economIc benefIts and ImplIcatIons for tHe electrIc poWer Industry of serbIa folloWInG tHe ratIfIcatIon of tHe Kyoto protocol

One of the biggest economic benefits for the Electric Power Industry of Serbia related to the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol is the development of clean development mechanisms. The development programmes of the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia represent an extraordinary potential for the project of clean development mechanisms, which are as follows:

Restructuring and modernization of the •Electric Power Industry of Serbia and local district heating stations;Modernization of the construction and •infrastructure of the communal sector;Modernization of waste management;•Investment in smaller hydroelectric power •plants.

The implementation of the projects with clean development mechanisms within the Electric Power Industry of Serbia offers different possibilities for the national economy. It can:

Attract the foreign investments in the Electric •Power Industry of Serbia for projects which encourage transfer to more prosperous economy which relies less on the fossil fuel energy;Encourage the private and the public sector to •participate; Promote the technological transfer (for •instance, replacement of old and inefficient technology for energy generation from fossil fuels with less polluting technology, creating of new industry with sustainable technology in the sense of environmental protection);Help the Electric Power Industry of Serbia in •defining investment priorities which are related to the sustainable development goals;Help creating new highly skilled working •positions.

Therefore, the following best practices can be identified within the Electric Power Industry of Serbia for programme politics and measures for the mitigation of climate changes:

Promotion of energy efficiency (supply and use •of energy);Improvement of energy safety and diversity of •sources;Reforms of the energy sector (competitive-•ness);Development of efficient use of resources •(through “green taxes”);Recommendations for maintenance and •modification of valid laws and enacting of new relevant laws.


The process of harmonization of local legislation with the EU requirements in the area of environmental protection has already been started in the Republic of Serbia and it is conducted without any problems. The implementation of the Kyoto Protocol which is already part of Acquis Communautaire, is one of the key elements of the EU programme politics and laws in the area of environmental protection, which represents a good model for a proper implementation of such an agreement for the Electric Power Industry of Serbia. This harmonization is also referred to in the Law on environmental protection, as well as in the Environmental Law, both identifying the basic principles and goals of the environmental protection in the Republic of Serbia.

With reference to the waste politics, Serbia is lacking a comprehensive and integrated approach in waste management. Moreover, the more sustainable system of ash disposals in Serbia should be propagated, especially with regard to the possibility to develop a system which would use renewable energy sources from the ash disposals. This should represent an important basis for projects with clean development mechanisms (CDM).

In accordance with the above mentioned the basic recommendations for the waste sector could be summarized as follows:

preparation and application of strategies for 1. waste management at the level of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia;propagation of recycling and reusing of waste;2. reorganization of waste collection, 3. transportation and storage, with creation of a modern disposal system;propagation of collection and using of gases 4. from the disposals for generation of heat and electricity;drafting of specific internal regulations on 5. hazardous waste at the level of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia.

Rough estimations reveal that the level of investment in greenfield and brownfield projects could be approximately three billion euros on an annual basis in the period 2011–2015. This is an additional motive to start the operations of the Regional Centre for climate changes in Belgrade as soon as possible.

Other international contracts relevant for the area of environmental protection are stated in the Annex I of this document.


In the Republic of Serbia, with the EU regulation in the area of environmental protection (see Annex I), approximately twenty laws have been harmonized, among others the Law on integrated pollution prevention and control (IPCC), which opens the possibility of obtaining an integrated license (license for operation) with the deadline until the year 2015 16 laws and international Contracts were ratified in the National Assembly during the year 2009.

It is necessary, however, to mention that when it comes to waters, there is a double regulation in the Republic of Serbia at the moment: Law on Waters, with obsolete solutions and the EU Water Framework Directive (law being applied within the framework of ratified Danube River Protection Convention on Sustainable Use of the River Danube, as well as within the Sava River Basin Commission). This duality causes significant problems and slows down the process of harmonization with the EU in this area. It should also be reminded that the Government adopted the Water Management Act in 2002, which was in many ways superseded, especially regarding the concept and methodology and therefore, in addition to harmonization of the law, it is also necessary to revise this document.

Despite of the efforts for normative harmonization, the largest number of laws within the area of

environmental protection hasn’t been harmonized with the EU directives yet. The new legal framework for the environmental protection was set in 2004 by enacting the Law on environmental protection (which foresees defining of the strategy for sustainable use of natural resources and goods, as well as the national programme for the environmental protection), Law on strategic evaluation of environmental influences, Law оn evaluation of environmental influences and Law on integrated pollution prevention and control. The national environmental protection programme (NEPP) is to be adopted and will be followed by the action plans. So far 64 international contracts in the area of environmental protection have been ratified (ratifications taken over as a responsibility of the successor country) and ratification of other international contracts is under preparation.

With regard to the actual condition and transition of the national legislation in terms of harmonization and joining the EU, the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia made the decision in 2004 to completely comply with all relevant EU standards in the area of environmental protection.

Breakdown of the valid laws and all relevant legal acts is given in the Annex I of this document.

Environmental legislation of the Republic of Serbia

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CONDITION IN THE ELECTRIC

POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA IN THE PERIOD 2001–2007


The importance of introducing the state of the art technologies in electricity generation, especially in the thermal power plants, is emphasized in the Environmental Protection Programme of the Republic of Serbia. In this context, the introduction of combined cycle can represent a step forward in promoting cleaner technologies.

Moreover, in accordance with the Annex 2 of the Energy Charter Treaty, the schedule has been established for the purposes of harmonization of the national legislation with the EU Acquis Communautaire.

Based on the aforementioned, the basic recommendations to Serbia in the energy sector could be summarized as follows:

Promotion of energy efficiency;•Development and increase in the share of •sustainable energy sources in the total energy balance;Introduction of combined heat and power •generation (CHP);Monitoring of fuel prices in order to exclude •subventions which could jeopardize compe-titiveness and impose the forms of “green” tax.

The largest problems in the area of environmental protection in the Republic of Serbia are caused by air pollution, water pollution, loss of water resources and inadequate practice in waste management. The largest percentage of the total environmental protection costs is incurred by air pollution (55% of the total costs), water pollution (22% of the total costs) and waste management (11% of the total costs).

The air quality in the Republic of Serbia is mainly determined by the emissions of SО2, NОx, CО, particulate matter and other pollutants which originate from thermal power plants (use of lignite and poor precipitation) and industrial plants. Air quality is especially aggravated during the weather conditions without wind and during the heating season. The

Republic of Serbia began to integrate the environmental protection policy into the policies of the other sectors by signing and ratification of the Energy Community Treaty in 2005. The existing regulations related to the emission and immission are harmonized with the EU regulations; however the incomplete monitoring contributes to creating an unrealistic picture about the level of air pollution in Serbia.

Unfortunately, plants for treatment and storage of hazardous waste are not available. Hazardous waste is temporarily disposed in inadequate storages, some of which are several decades old. Approximately 5.5 million tons of fly ash and slag from the thermal power plants are disposed in inadequate locations.

Since 2000, important reform goals in this area have been achieved with international support and assistance. The largest number of the projects was aimed at strengthening the human, material and technical capacities in the area of environmental protection and some of the projects were directed to control and reduction of pollution.

In addition to the stated regulative reforms it is necessary to commence activities on reducing the level of pollution of soil and surface and ground water, in the first line in the energy sector. Therefore, funds and investments should be directed to endangered locations and priority areas, such as air pollution from the thermal power plants, waste treatment etc. These activities should contribute to reaching mid-term goals in the following:

System for financing of environmental •protection,Energy sector,•Mining sector,•Air protection and climate change control,•Protection of water and water resources,•Waste management,•Control of non-ionizing radiation.•


With regard to the implementation of environmental protection programmes within the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia, we would like to mention a very successful cooperation between this company and the Environmental Protection Fund of the Republic of Serbia in solving and implementation of projects in the area of environmental protection in the Electric Power Industry of Serbia. Till now the direct funds invested in different projects for the environmental protection through this Fund amounted to 12 million euros.

Since the year 2002 the pollution has been significantly reduced, especially in Obrenovac, where the emission of particulate matter has been reduced by 84% compared to the emission in 2002. At TPP “Kostolac A”, which is located in the city, this emission was reduced by 54%, which has brought this pollution in compliance with the level of 50 mg/Nm3 stated in the European standards. At TPP “Kostolac B” the pollution will be reduced during construction of the desulphurization system in the period 2008– 2010/11 (investment value is 125 million euros). Activities were performed on the replacement of ash and slag disposal system as well. The construction of such system has already started at the TPP “Nikola Tesla B” in Obrenovac. The respective Contract has been signed in Kostolac and funds have already been provided. The implementation of these projects should commence soon at the TPP “Nikola Tesla А” and TPP “Kolubara А” (unit А5). The value of these projects amounts to 110 million euros.

By 2011 it is planned to complete the reconstruction of electrostatic precipitators in the thermal power plants within the Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia. It will be necessary to invest additional 37.5 million euros for this, besides the already invested amount of 41 million euros. By 2015 it is planned to complete denitrification of flue gases, which requires an investment of app. 83.5 million euros. The activities will be performed successively, in accordance with the overhaul schedules of thermal power plants.

In addition to the aforementioned, we will be faced with comprehensive works related to waste management, recultivation of ash disposals and soil on coal pits, elimination of PCB transformer oils and monitoring of emissions and immissions.

A particularly complex problem for the Electric Power Industry of Serbia and the wider social community as well is the question of ash and slag disposal and their use as secondary raw material in cement industry, building of roads and civil engineering in the manner already applied in the EU countries. There is approximately 200,000,000 tons of ash and slag at ash and slag disposals and this quantity is annually increasing by the additional 6,000,000 tons. The use of ash as secondary raw material enables to solve the major environmental pollution issue and preserve the soil in the vicinity of rivers from the complete devastation (losing of quality), as well as gravel and sand. The same applies to the flue gas desulphurization product – gypsum, which will be produced in the amount of approximately one million tons annually.


Some of the indicators of the environmental condition in the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia

coal GeneratIon

Within the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia coal is generated in: EA MB “Kolubara”, EA “ТPPs-OPMs

Table 3

COAL GENERATION IN 2008

Open pit mineCoal generation (t)

Removed soil layer from the top of the coal layer in open pits

(m3 of the solid material)

Planned Achieved % Planned Achieved %

DP Kolubara – Open pit mines

field b 990,000 1,091,320 110 3,300,000 2,981,897 90

field d 14,031,000 14,069,026 100 34,000,000 39,590,875 116

tamnava – east field 5,317000 5,029,341 95 5,000,000 7,998,299 160

veliki crljeni 0 0 1,000,000 1,923,670 192

tamnava – West field 9,009,000 10,394,289 115 16,000,000 24,672,871 154

Total (raw coal*) 29,347,000 30,583,976 104 59,300,000 77,167,612 130

dp Kolubara processing(dried coal)

With dust 549,000 602,331 110

Without dust 506,000 567,050 112

DP Kostolac - Open pit mines

Klenovnik 120,000 17,820 15 500,000 328,359 66

cirikovac 360,000 523,364 145 2,100,000 2,274,569 108

drmno 7,103,000 6,826,334 96 24,400,000 27,476,701 113

Total 7,583,000 7,367,518 97 27,000,000 30,079,629 111

OPEN PIT MINES OF PE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA Total

36,930,000 37,951,494 103 86,300,000 107,247,241 124

* The total quantity of raw coal a part of which is separated for production of dried coal

Kostolac” and PE OPMs “Kosovo”. The quantities

of generated raw and dry coal, except for PE OPMs

“Kosovo”, are given in table 3.


electrIcIty GeneratIon

Electricity is generated in Thermal Power Plants EA TPPs “Nikola Tesla”, EA “ТPPs-OPMs Kostolac”, EA “Pannonian CHP Plants”, PE OPMs “Kosovo” and in

hydroelectric power plants EA “Djerdap HPPs”, EA “Drinsko-Limske hydroelectric power plants”.

The data related to electrical power generation, PE OPMs “Kosovo” excluded, are given in table 4.

Table 4

ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION IN 2008

Facility UnitElectrical power in GWh

generator net

EA TPPs Nikola Tesla

Тpp nikola tesla aa1 - a2 2 661 2 467a3 - a5 6 753 6 210

a6 1 111 1 003Тpp nikola tesla b b1 - b2 8 846 8 377

Тpp Kolubara aa1 - a4 503 473

a5 676 618Тpp morava a 681 636

Total 21 231 19 784TPPs-OPMs Kostolac

Тpp Kostolac aa1 620 552a2 1 432 1 314

Тpp Kostolac bb1 1 572 1 423b2 1 758 1 589

Total 5 382 4 878

pannonian cHp plantscHp novi sad 293 262cHp zrenjanin 109 101cHp sremska mitrovica 4 4Total 406 367Total ТPP and CHP 27 019 25 029Hydroelectric power plantsea djerdap Hpps 7 224 7 187ea drinsko-limske Hpps 2 857 2 824Total HPPs 10 081 10 011

PE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA – Total 37 100 35 040


According to the package of environmental protection laws which were enacted at the end of 2004, the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia must bring the operation of its facilities in compliance with the stipulations of the Law on integrated prevention pollution and control by 2015. This means that according to the national regulations, which are harmonized with the EU regulations, state of the art protection measures must be applied in the new facilities, as well as in the facilities being overhauled, more precisely flue gas desulphurization plants and high efficiency electrostatic precipitators must be installed. The measures for reduction of emission of nitrogen oxides shall also be applied, the plant for waste water treatment shall be installed and new environmentally favorable solutions for ash transport and disposal shall be introduced.

It is planned to invest app. 1.2 billion euros in the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia until 2015 for

environmental protection projects, and the largest part of investments will be allocated to thermal power plants and combined heat and power plants. It should be kept in mind that the implementation of these projects provides fulfillment of legal obligations, which without any doubt represents a significant contribution to the global environmental protection in Serbia. However, the fact is that the implementation of these projects will not lead to an increase in electrical power generation, but on the contrary to its reduction (unavailability of the plants during performance of works, increase of auxiliary consumption during exploitation, in the first line due to operation of the flue gas desulphurization plant) and increasing in costs for electricity generation.

It is planned to perform the following activities in thermal power plants and combined heat and power plants during the period 2007–2015.

Programmes and projects of thermal power plants in the area of environmental protection


For air pollution reduction:•- Installation of continuous monitoring

equipment, reduction of emission/imission and improvement of air quality;

- Reconstruction of electrostatic precipitators in accordance with the EU norms (ELV = 50 mg/m3 of particulate matter) on units under rehabilitation;

- Application of primary measures for reduction of nitrogen oxide concentration in flue gases in accordance with the EU norms (ELV = 200 mg/m3 of nitrogen oxides) on units being overhauled;

- Installation of flue gas desulphurization plant at TPP in accordance with the EU norms (ELV = 400 mg/m3 of sulphur oxides);

- Monitoring of activities on improvement of generation efficiency (reduction of auxiliary consumption) from the aspect of environmental protection;

- Supporting of the programme for district heating from thermal power plants from the aspect of environmental protection;

- Improvement of the existing and introduction of new technologies for ash and slag transport and disposal (mixing of ash and water in the ratio 1:1), as well as replacement of the existing systems with the new systems for ash transport and disposal;

- Recultivation of ash disposals in accordance with the special programme;

- Compliance with all environmental protection norms during construction of new facilities and units.

For water protection:•- Reduction of quantity of waste and oily

waters and their treatment;- Control of discharged water quality

and monitoring of its influence on the recipients;

- Introduction of new technologies for ash and slag transport and disposal which minimize the adverse effect to water pollution (surface and ground water);

- Fabrication of water curtains of wells in the vicinity of the disposals for protection of ground water and surrounding soil;

For the total effect:•- Economic valorization of ash and slag use

as secondary raw material in the cement industry, road construction etc.;

- Project of introducing the ЕМS (Environment Management System) and environmental protection management.

The estimation of necessary funds for harmonization of operation of the units within the thermal power plants of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia with the requirements of the European Union regulations in the area of environmental protection is given in Annex I.

Table 5 shows a breakdown of estimated emitted quantity of hazardous substances as a total for all thermal power plants within the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia at the annual level (6,000 hours of operation), as well as the quantities after modernization which would reduce the emission of hazardous substances on all units to a level allowed by the EU regulations.


Table 5. Emissions from the plants of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia

Type of emissionTotal emission from TPPs within (t/year)

Without performed works After performed works

particulate 66,900 5,850

sО2

360,440 40,720

nОx

43,200 16,350

High nitrogen oxide emissions (up to 500 mg/m3 on some units, above the stipulated level on all units) require the application of primary measures for reduction of NOx emission from TPPs within the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia and bringing into compliance with stipulated limits (ELV = 200 mg/m3).

A higher content of sulphur in lignite from Kostolac coal basin (app. 1.30%) compared to the coal from Kolubara basin (0.45%) has led to a decision to build the first flue gas desulphurization plant at the TPP “Kostolac B”. Works will be performed in the period 2009–2011, under the assumption that all necessary documentation has been p rovided (preparation of investment-technical documentation has already started). After that, flue gas desulphurization plant will be built at the TPP “Nikola Tesla B” in the period from 2010–2013, then at TPP “Nikola Tesla А5 and А6” in the period from 2011–2013, and TPP “Nikola Tesla А3 and А4” from 2012–2014. Regarding the flue gas desulphurization plants on other units of thermal power plants within the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia (TPP “Nikola Tesla А1 and А2”, ТPP “Kolubara А5”, ТPP “Kostolac А1 and А2” and TPP “Morava”), a decision on their compliance with the legal requirements shall be made depending on their planned operation and use in the future.

Among the measures for reducing of the adverse environmental effect of thermal power plants the projects for reconstruction of the ash and slag transport and disposal system by application of improved technology should be mentioned (thick slurry with water and ash ratio 1:1). For the TPP “Kostolac B” replacement of the ash and slag transport and disposal system (thick slurry 1:1) was contracted in 2006, with the total value of 21.4 million euros, financed from EBRD I credit. This project is currently under implementation. The replacement of ash and slag transport system (thick slurry 1:1) for the TPP “Nikola Tesla B” is financed from the grant of the European Agency for Reconstruction (EAR), with the value of 27.5 million euros. This project is under implementation at the moment as well. The replacement of ash and slag transport system with the new system (thick slurry 1:1) at TPP “Kostolac А” will be completed by the end of 2009 and will be financed from KfW IV credit, with the value of 18 million euros. The replacement of ash and slag transport system at TPP “Nikola Tesla А” should be completed until 2011 (investment documentation under preparation). Required funds amount to 40 million euros, however the source of financing hasn’t been defined yet.


Activities already performed on environmental protection projects in thermal power plants of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia in the period 2003– 2007

Solving of the current problems in the area of environmental protection in thermal power sector of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia has been divided into four basic groups of projects:

project I reconstruction or replacement of the existing electrostatic precipitators on tpp units

project II primary measures for reduction of nox emissions from tpp units

project III flue gas desulphurization on tpp units (fGd)

project Iv reconstruction of the ash and slag transport and disposal system – introduction of new technology


Implemented measures for environmental protection (air) in the period 2004–2008

Project I Reconstruction or replacement of the existing electrostatic precipitators on TPP units

Thermal Power Plant Beginning of implementation Funds in Є Source of financing

Тpp nikola tesla А - unit А5 2004 3,700,000 electric power Industry of serbia

Тpp nikola tesla А - unit А2 2005 3,500,000 electric power Industry of serbia – polish credit

Тpp nikola tesla А - unit А1 2006 5,000,000electric power Industry of serbia and environmental fund of the republic of serbia

Тpp nikola tesla А - unit А4 2007 6,000,000electric power Industry of serbia and environmental fund of the republic of serbia

Тpp Kolubara А - unit А5 2008 5,100,000electric power Industry of serbia and environmental fund of the republic of serbia

Тpp Kostolac А - unit А2 2006 5,400,000 ear grant

Тpp Kostolac А - unit А1 2005 2,500,000 electric power Industry of serbia

T o t a l 31,200,000

Achieved and expected effects of implemented measures for air protection:

Fulfillment of EU legal regulations related to •reduction of particulate matter (PM) emission (ELV = 50 mg/m3);

Reduction of the annual emission of PM into •air: 88% total emission ТЕNТ А and B and 54% total emission TPPs “Kostolac А and B”;Reduction of air pollution in the vicinity •of Obrenovac, Kostolac and surrounding settlements.

Project IV Reconstruction of the ash and slag transport and disposal system – introduction of new technology

Thermal Power PlantBeginning of implementation /Completion of implementation

Funds in Є Source of financing

Тpp nikola tesla b 2006/2009 30,000,000 ear grant

Тpp Kostolac b 2007/2009 23,500,000 electric power Industry of serbia – ebrd credit

Тpp Kostolac А 2009/2011 13,000,000 electric power Industry of serbia – KfW credit

Тpp Kolubara А 2008/2009 15,000, 000environmental fund of the republic of serbia and electric power Industry of serbia

T o t a l 81,500,000

These projects are being implemented at the moment and their completion is expected by the end of 2009.

Expected effects: Water protection and air protection.


Introduction of Environmental Management System (EMS) ISO 14001 in the Electric Power Industry of Serbia

The Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia has commenced, in cooperation with the European Agency for Reconstruction (EAR), the introduction of Environmental Management System (EMS) ISO 14001. So far EMS has been introduced and certified at EA TPPs “Nikola Tesla”, EA “Djerdap HPPs”, EA “Pannonian CHP Plants” and EA “Elektrosrbija”. It is expected that certification will be completed at EA MB “Kolubara”, EA “ТPPs-OPMs Kostolac”, EA “Elektrovojvodina”, EA “Elektrodistribucija Beograd” and EA “Drinsko-Limske hydroelectric power plants” by the end of 2009.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CONDITION IN THE ELECTRIC

POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA IN 2008

(THERMAL ENERGY SECTOR)


Emission of hazardous substances from the thermal power plants of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia

Table 6 shows the data on the total quantity of hazardous substances in each of the economic associations, with the exception of the PE TPPs “Kosovo”.

Table 6

Hazardous substances – quantities

Thermal power plantst / year

PM SО2

NOx

CO2 x 103

ea tpps nikola tesla 15 306 153 916 40 638 23 018

ea tpps - opms Kostolac 8 263 108 960 17 362 5 748

ea pannonian cHp plants 662 1 111 30 353

TOTAL 24 231 263 987 58 030 29 119


ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION TPPs “NIKOLA TESLA”

The Economic Association Thermal Power Plants “Nikola Tesla” in Obrenovac consists of the following thermal power plants:

ТPP “Nikola Tesla А”, • ТPP “Nikola Tesla B”, • ТPP “Kolubara А” ,• TPP “Kolubara B” - under construction,• ТPP “Morava”.•

monItorInG and envIronmental Impact

Air

brInGInG tHe electrostatIc precIpItator operatIon Into complIance WItH tHe requIrements of tHe eu reGulatIons

After completion of the reconstruction works, the electrostatic precipitators of the units А1, А2, А4 and А5 of the TPP “Nikola Tesla А” are compliant with the requirements of the EU regulations for reduction of particulate matter (PM) emission.

Bringing of unit A3 and A6 (TPP “Nikola Tesla А”), unit B1 and B2 (TPP “Nikola Tesla B”), unit A5 (TPP “Kolubara А”) and unit A (TPP “Morava”) electrostatic precipitators operation into compliance with the requirements of the EU regulations related to reducing of particulate matter emission has been scheduled for the period 2009-2010.

perIodIcal measurements of emIssIon of Hazardous substances

The characteristics of the emissions from the stack are given separately for each TPP on the basis of the results of measurements performed by an authorized institution in accordance with the Programme of measurements for periodical testing of hazardous substances emission into the atmosphere.

During the year 2008 periodical measurements of emission of hazardous substances were performed on the electrostatic precipitators of all TPP units at “Nikola Tesla A” (unit А4 excluded), TPP “Nikola Tesla B”, TPP “Kolubara А” and TPP “Morava”. The table 7 shows the breakdown of emission measurement results for all TPP units separately.

By comparing the measurement results with the local and EU legislation on the emission limit values (ELV) we came to the following conclusions:

Emission of SО• 2 on all TPP units is above the ELV of the local and EU legislation; Emission of CO is within the range of ELV of •the local legislation Emission of particulate matter is significantly •above the ELV of the local and EU legislation, except for the units A4 and А5 at the TPP “Nikola Tesla А”; Emission of NOx is within the range of ELV •of the local legislation, except for the units А2, А4, А5 at the TPP “Nikola Tesla А”, unit B1 at the TPP “Nikola Tesla B”, unit А5 at the TPP “Kolubara А” the TPP “Morava” unit.


Table 7

EA TPPs NIKOLA TESLA

Emission of hazardous substances-periodical measurements

Part of the Association / facility ТPP Nikola Tesla АTPP Nikola

Tesla BELV

Units А1 А2 А3 А4 А5 А6 B1 B2 ELV1 ELV2

(mg/m3)

sО2

2185 1407 1546 1603 2455 1898 1360 1504 650 400

nox

407 514 399 464 472 327 508 443 450 500

co 43 64 140 113 79 41 39 33 250 -

particulate matter 276 109 183 48 41 157 54 156 50 50

Part of the Association / facility ТPP Kolubara А ТPP Morava

UnitsА1-A4

ELV

A5 А

ELV

ELV1 ELV2 ELV1 ELV2

(mg/m3)

sО2

1898 - 2582 1450 1700 -2000 2924 2082 650 400

nox

428 - 519 800 600 485 583 450 500

co 43 - 62 250 - 51 70 250 -

particulate matter 211 - 1893 100 100 425 484 50 50

1 Regulations on emission limit values, methods and timeframe for measuring and data noting (“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 30/97).

2 Directive 2001/80/EC - on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants.


It is obvious that the concentrations of particulate matter from the reconstructed electrostatic precipitators of the units A1 and A2 were above the guarantee values of 50 mg/m3 during 2008, when the measurements were performed. The biggest deviations were recorded on the unit A1 electrostatic precipitator and this can be brought in connection with the high flue gas temperatures and increased quantity of flue gas. All parameters affecting the ESP operation efficiency shall be tested in the forthcoming period, in order to take the appropriate steps and enable their operation within the designed values.

During design and construction works of the TPP “Nikola Tesla A and B” units, the measures for reduction of sulphur oxide emissions were not performed, hence the concentration of sulphur dioxide in the flue gas is significantly exceeding the emission limit values (ELV) allowed in the local and EU legislation. In order to reduce the concentration of sulphur oxide emission to the level of 400 mg/m3 in accordance with the Directive 2001/80/EC, it has been planned to install flue gas desulphurization plants by 2015.

Additionally, the measures for reduction of nitrogen oxide emission or even the nitrogen oxide concentration in the flue gas haven’t been performed, hence the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas significantly exceeds the emission limit values (ELV). In order to reduce the concentration of nitrogen oxide emission to the level of 200 mg/m3, it has been planned to introduce the primary measures for reduction of emissions on the units А3 - А6 of the TPP “Nikola Tesla А” and the units of the TPP “Nikola Tesla B” by 2015.

contInuous monItorInG of emIssIons of Hazardous substances

In accordance with the requirements of the Regulations on the emission limit values, methods and timeframe for measuring and data noting (“Official

Gazette of RS”, No. 30/97), the measuring equipment has been installed during 2009 on the following units:

unit А6 of the TPP “Nikola Tesla А” - •measurement of SO2, NOx, CO, O2,

and together with the measuring equipment installed on the units:

units А3 and А4 of the TPP “Nikola Tesla А” - •measurement of SO2, NOx, CO, O2, units А1 and А2 of the TPP “Nikola Tesla А” - •measurement of particulate matter, unit А5 of the TPP “Nikola Tesla А” - •measurement of particulate matter and gases SO2, NOx, CO, O2

this should cover the measurement of emission of the above hazardous substances in the flue gases of this TPP.

The project preparation has been commenced: basic design for the installation of the equipment for continuous emission monitoring of hazardous substances, with the analysis of options for selection of sample spots at the TPP “Nikola Tesla B”, ТPP “Kolubara А - unit А5” and TPP “Morava”. According to this project it is necessary to perform procurement, installation and commissioning of the equipment for continuous measurement of emission of SО2, NОx, CО, О2 and particulate matter into the atmosphere on units B1 and B2 of the TPP “Nikola Tesla B”, ТPP “Kolubara - unit А5”. The procedure for procurement of the above equipment has already been started for the TPP “Morava”.

In the future period it is necessary to do as follows: amend or correct the software programme •for statistical processing of the data related to continuous measurements of emission of SО2, NОx (NО2), CО and particulate matter, in order to exclude the invalid data from the statistical processing during calculation of mean values;


procure and install the rest of the necessary •equipment for continuous measurement of gases and particulate matter at the TPP “Nikola Tesla А”:

а) measurement of emission of gases SО2, NОx,CО, О2 on the units А1 and А2,

b) measurement of particulate matter on units А3, А4 and А6,

which will enable continuous measurement of emissions of hazardous substances into the atmosphere on all units of the TPP “Nikola Tesla А”.

IntroducInG of acquIsItIon system for contInuous monItorInG of operatIon of electrostatIc precIpItator sectIons at tHe tpp “Kolubara А” and applIcatIon of tHe obtaIned data

The Basic Design and the General Design for the monitoring system for electrostatic precipitator operation and measurement of outside air temperature and wind direction and speed at the TPP “Kolubara” were prepared in the year 2006, in order to reduce the emissions of electrostatic precipitator ash particles into the environment through the stack of the TPP “Kolubara”.

Procurement of the measuring equipment was started during 2008 and this equipment will be installed in accordance with the solutions given in the Design.

IntroductIon of tHe InteGral system for contInuous monItorInG of tHe Impact of tHe tpp “nIKola tesla” on tHe aIr qualIty In obrenovac and surroundInG settlements

The integral system for continuous monitoring of the impact of the TPP “Nikola Tesla” on the air quality in Obrenovac and surrounding settlements is in the first phase of the trial run operation and that includes monitoring of the pollution with solid particles. At the same time, training of the operating personnel has been conducted. The problems related to the measuring equipment operation, caused by power supply failure, are being remedied at the moment.

This project enables the application of the Gaussian distribution model, which monitors the transport of solid particles in space and time. The integral system will enable systematic monitoring of TENT impact on the air quality (pollution with particles), as well as objective and timely information to the public about the air quality in Obrenovac and surrounding


settlements, which is one of the preconditions for taking necessary protective measures.

Table 8

EA TPPs NIKOLA TESLA”

Emission of hazardous substances at annual level

Part of TPP / Plantt/year

Particles SO2

NOx

CO2 x 103

ТPP Nikola Tesla Аunit А1 1 760 13 971 2 605 1 535unit А2 521 6 824 2 478 1 391unit А3 1 615 13 673 3 529 2 323unit А4 528 12 272 3 549 2 640unit А5 334 26 865 5 182 2 396unit А6 669 8 103 1 395 1 197t o t a l 5 427 81 707 18 738 11 482ТPP Nikola Tesla Bunit b1 1 009 25 351 9 485 4 956unit b2 2 564 24 759 7 777 4 258t o t a l 3 574 50 110 17 263 9 214ТPP Kolubara Аunit А1 221 2 338 531 791

unit А2 1 510 1 408 239unit А3 292 557 145unit А4 1 438 1 970 396unit А5 1 409 9 578 1 585 838TPP Kolubara B – under constructiont o t a l 4 870 15 851 2 896 1 629ТPP Moravaunit А1 1 436 6 248 1 742 694t o t a l 1 436 6 248 1 742 694

T O T A L 15 306 153 916 40 638 23 018

emIssIon of Hazardous substances Into tHe aIr

Table 8 gives the breakdown of annual emissions of particles, SO2, NOx, CO и CO2.


WAter

All units have the flow cooling system, except for the TPP “Kolubara А”, which uses recirculating cooling system (towers).

The Thermal Power Plants “Nikola Tesla А and B” use the water from the river Sava for cooling. Waste waters are discharged into the Sava River and they do not disturb the recipient class II.

The Thermal Power Plant “Kolubara А” has cooling towers as cooling system and uses the water from the Kolubara River for the preparation of technical water.

Waste waters are discharged into the Kolubara River via the canal Bare and they do not disturb the recipient class II.

The Thermal Power Plant “Morava” uses the water from the Morava River for cooling. Waste waters are discharged into the Morava River and they do not disturb the recipient class II.

quantItIes of Water

Table 9 gives the breakdown of the water balance.

Table 9


Water quantities

Part of TPP / Plant

Water intake Discharged waste waters

Used quantitiesm3 /year 103

Allowed quantities

m3 /year 103

Return cooling

waterm3 /year 103

Return cooling

waterm3 /year 103

Overflow and drainage from

ash disposalm3 /year 103

Sanitary waste

m3 /year 103

Surface Ground* Surface

Тpp nikola tesla А 1 005 034 879 1 194 090 979 558 24 412 235

Тpp nikola tesla b 1 055 858 479 1 077 489 1 035 083 19 773 247

Тpp Kolubara А 5 840 6 267 820 540 383

tpp Kolubara b - under construction

Тpp morava 88 145 52 108 913 85 748 2 397 8

T o t a l 2 154 877 1 410 2 386 759 2 100 389 820 47 122 873

* for the purposes of process water treatment


Improvements aImed at reducInG Waste Water Impact on surface and Ground Water

Тpp “nIKola tesla b”

The activities related to the introduction of the new system for ash and slag transport and disposal at the TPP “Nikola Tesla B” were continued in year 2008. In accordance with the prepared technical-investment documentation for implementation of this project, procurement and installation of the equipment were contracted with the contractor and supplier of the equipment for reconstruction of the existing system - “Energoinvest” from Sarajevo. The first activities have already commenced and they comprise the construction of silos for dry ash disposal and erection of pipes for transportation of thick slurry of ash and slag.

Transfer to the new technology - transport and disposal of ash and slag with low-water content - will be completed by the end of year 2009.

The replacement of the existing technology of hydraulic ash and slag transport with the technology of low-water transport (ash:water ratio of 1:1) will enable reduction of the adverse environmental impacts of the ТЕNТ B disposals.

Expected effects:а) reduction of the necessary water quantity for

ash and slag transport;b) reduction of the quantity of waste waters from

the disposals;c) increase in the surface and ground water

quality;d) reduction of the total quantity of the disposed

ash - longer disposal exploitation;e) financial savings; f) achievement of economic benefitsg) improvement of the air quality in Obrenovac

and surrounding settlements.

The Public Enterprise Electric Power Industry of Serbia has signed the Contract with “Energoprojekt-Entel” for preparation of the study “Waste water balance at TPPs and CHPs of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia, TPP “Nikola Tesla А and B”. The first part of this study was completed during the year 2008 for the ТPP “Nikola Tesla B”, and the second part for the TPP “Nikola Tesla А” should be completed during the year 2009.

Basic goals of the study:determining of potential dangers from the •occurrence of waste waters during exploitation of ТЕNТ B, affecting the environmental quality, having in mind that the location of the TPP is within the sanitary protection zone of the drinking water source of the city of Belgrade;determining of waste water flows within the TPP, •with regard to their further use or recirculation, i.e. necessity for their treatment prior to their discharge into the natural recipient;defining of the special waste water treatment •plants and proposal for their conceptual design.

The following terms of reference have been identified in accordance with the defined goals:

determining of the place of occurrence of •waste water within the individual power plants systems;determining of the cause of occurrence of •waste water; determining of the waste water properties and •quantities;proposal for the reduction or prevention methods •against the occurrence of waste waters;determining of an optimal method for •construction of waste water canals and waste water collecting within the power plant; defining of the necessary waste water •treatment.


expected results

The subject study should be a base document for preparation of the technical documentation for waste water treatment plants, which will be erected in future at the TPP ТЕNТ B in order to bring the TPP operation in compliance with the regulations on environmental protection. In this sense, the results of the study are presented as follows:

summary balance of waste waters generated at •the TPP ТЕNТ B;proposal for the activities to be performed at •the TPP ТЕNТ B for the reduction of waste water quantities; proposal for the activities to be performed at the •TPP ТЕNТ B in order to check the necessity for

construction of the waste water treatment plant (at the level of conceptual design) and bring the TPP in compliance with the requirements of the valid regulations on the basis of the adopted reference criteria.

Тpp “nIKola tesla a”

The activities related to the preparation of the investment-technical documentation for the replacement of the existing and installation of the new ash and slag transport and disposal system at the TPP “Nikola Tesla A” have been continued.

Preparation of the feasibility study with the basic design for reconstruction of the system for collection, treatment, transport and disposal of ash and slag at the TPP Nikola Tesla A”, with the environmental impact study, is in the final stage.

The study “Waste water balance of TPPs and CHPs within the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia, ТPPs “Nikola Tesla А and B” is under preparation as well.

Considering the fact that the preparation of the basic design for the project of reconstruction of ash and slag system is ongoing, the conceptual design for the treatment and discharge of the major part of waste waters will depend on the design of ash and slag system, as at TENT B.

According to the “Balance Plan for the environmental protection and improvement for the period 2008-2015”, it has been planned to prepare the feasibility study with the basic design and environmental impact assessment study of waste waters for the TPPs “Nikola Tesla А and B” by the end of 2011.

Waste

The data about the waste generated during 2008, which has been controlled and monitored in accordance with the regulations, are shown in the table 10.


Table 10


List of waste

No.

Official nomenclature of the Rule Book, Offic. Gazette of RS, No. 55 /2001(List of waste of the PE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA)

Unit

TPP Nikola Tesla

NoteWTPP ТЕNТ

АWTPP ТЕNТ

BWTPP Kolubara WTPP Morava Total

Title Code Quantity of generated waste

1slag and dust from the boiler (except for the dust from the boiler stated in 10 01 04)

100101 t 1920000 1792000 327000 108000 4147000 ash and slag from coal

2 Waste which is not specified otherwise 100199 t 0.5 3 0.5 0.25 4.25 Waste rubber conveyor belt

3 other emulsions 130802 t 120 130 3 12 265 Waste mixed used oil

4 plastic package 150102 t 4.05 1.9 0.45 0.3 6.7 Waste plastic package contaminated with hydrazine

5 metal package 150104 t 0 4 0 0.1 4.1 Waste metal package for oil and lubricants - undamaged

6 metal package 150104 t 3 1 0 0.075 4.075 Waste metal package for oil and lubricants - damaged

7

8

absorbents, materials for filters (including filters for oils not specified otherwise), clothes and protection clothes, contaminated with dangerous substances

150202 t3.6

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

3.6

10

Waste adsorption agent bentosorb H with oil

Waste adsorption agent eKoret 21 with oil

9 Waste rubber 160103 t 2 0.5 0 0 2.5 Waste adsorption agent eKoret 21

10 lead-acid batteries 160601 t 0.78 12 0 0.77 13.55 with oil

11 12

Wood 170201 t0 5

600 0

0 0

0 1.5

600 6.5

Waste wooden railway sleepersWaste wood for heating

13 plastic 170203 t 10 0 0 0.35 10.35 Waste and residues from lead-acid batteries

14 15

copper, bronze, brass 170401 t41.18 0

00 0

10.3 15

51.48 15

Waste copper cablesWaste condenser pipes cuzn28sn1

16 17

aluminium 170402 t20

30

0.20.4

10.5

020.9

4.2Waste aluminium cablesWaste aluminium sheet

18 19 20 21

Iron and steel 170405 t

175 634 200

1556

110 150 250 360

14.9 99.2

1.5 0

20.75 22.92

11.2 0

320.65 906.12

462.7 1916

Waste baffle platesWaste iron with the thickness over 5 mmWaste iron with the thickness up to 5 mmWaste boiler pipe system 14mov63


Table 10


List of waste

No.


Unit

TPP Nikola Tesla

NoteWTPP ТЕNТ

АWTPP ТЕNТ



1slag and dust from the boiler (except for the dust from the boiler stated in 10 01 04)

100101 t 1920000 1792000 327000 108000 4147000 ash and slag from coal

2 Waste which is not specified otherwise 100199 t 0.5 3 0.5 0.25 4.25 Waste rubber conveyor belt

3 other emulsions 130802 t 120 130 3 12 265 Waste mixed used oil

4 plastic package 150102 t 4.05 1.9 0.45 0.3 6.7 Waste plastic package contaminated with hydrazine

5 metal package 150104 t 0 4 0 0.1 4.1 Waste metal package for oil and lubricants - undamaged

6 metal package 150104 t 3 1 0 0.075 4.075 Waste metal package for oil and lubricants - damaged

7

8

absorbents, materials for filters (including filters for oils not specified otherwise), clothes and protection clothes, contaminated with dangerous substances

150202 t3.6

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

3.6

10

Waste adsorption agent bentosorb H with oil

Waste adsorption agent eKoret 21 with oil

9 Waste rubber 160103 t 2 0.5 0 0 2.5 Waste adsorption agent eKoret 21

10 lead-acid batteries 160601 t 0.78 12 0 0.77 13.55 with oil

11 12

Wood 170201 t0 5

600 0

0 0

0 1.5

600 6.5

Waste wooden railway sleepersWaste wood for heating

13 plastic 170203 t 10 0 0 0.35 10.35 Waste and residues from lead-acid batteries

14 15

copper, bronze, brass 170401 t41.18 0

00 0

10.3 15

51.48 15

Waste copper cablesWaste condenser pipes cuzn28sn1

16 17

aluminium 170402 t20

30

0.20.4

10.5

020.9

4.2Waste aluminium cablesWaste aluminium sheet

18 19 20 21


175 634 200

1556

110 150 250 360

14.9 99.2

1.5 0

20.75 22.92

11.2 0

320.65 906.12

462.7 1916

Waste baffle platesWaste iron with the thickness over 5 mmWaste iron with the thickness up to 5 mmWaste boiler pipe system 14mov63



List of waste

No.


Unit

TPP Nikola Tesla

NoteWTPP ТЕNТ

АWTPP ТЕNТ



22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29


642 0

100 300

0 53.56

5.3 0

600 2.74400

800208

0 00

0.20

180

12.3

0 000

2.800

17.5

1242 2.74500

380.22.8

73.56 5.3

37.8

Waste iron honeycombWaste railway gauge accessoriesWaste railway tracksWaste galvanized sheetWaste boiler eco pipesWaste grey caste ironWaste toolsWaste cast steel

30 Insulating materials other than the mat. stated in 17 06 01 and 17 06 03 170604 t 10 193 3 0 206 Waste mineral stone wool

31 saturated ion-exchange resins 190905 t 37.05 2 4.41 0 43.46 regenerated waste ion-exchange resin from the polishing plant

32 metals containing iron 191202 t 0 0 0.7 0 0.7 Waste electrodes

33discarded electrical and electronic equipment other than the equipment stated in 20 01 21 and 2001 23 with dangerous substances

200135 3672 0 0 0 3.672 Waste pc parts

TOTAL t 1923939.69 1794910.34 327159.56 108116.32 4154125.91

1) Regulations on the Requirements and Method of Classification, Packing, and Storage of Secondary Raw Materials (“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 55/01)

2) Rule Book on the Method of Handling Wastes Having the Properties of Dangerous Substances ( “Official Gazette of FRY”, No. 12/95)

3) Decree on Waste Oil Management (“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 60/08)

4) Decree on Principles and Procedures for asbestos-containing waste management (“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 60/00)

Table 10

publIc objectIons

Most of the objections related to the power plant operation has been raised regarding the adverse effect of ash disposal to air and water pollution in the direct vicinity, as well as regarding oil spills into the recipient.



List of waste

No.


Unit

TPP Nikola Tesla

NoteWTPP ТЕNТ

АWTPP ТЕNТ



22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29


642 0

100 300

0 53.56

5.3 0

600 2.74400

800208

0 00

0.20

180

12.3

0 000

2.800

17.5

1242 2.74500

380.22.8

73.56 5.3

37.8

Waste iron honeycombWaste railway gauge accessoriesWaste railway tracksWaste galvanized sheetWaste boiler eco pipesWaste grey caste ironWaste toolsWaste cast steel

30 Insulating materials other than the mat. stated in 17 06 01 and 17 06 03 170604 t 10 193 3 0 206 Waste mineral stone wool

31 saturated ion-exchange resins 190905 t 37.05 2 4.41 0 43.46 regenerated waste ion-exchange resin from the polishing plant

32 metals containing iron 191202 t 0 0 0.7 0 0.7 Waste electrodes

33discarded electrical and electronic equipment other than the equipment stated in 20 01 21 and 2001 23 with dangerous substances

200135 3672 0 0 0 3.672 Waste pc parts

TOTAL t 1923939.69 1794910.34 327159.56 108116.32 4154125.91






ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION “ТPPs-OPMs КOSTOLAC”

This company consists of the following power plants:

ТPP “Kostolac А”,• ТPP “Kostolac B”.•


Air

brInGInG of electrostatIc precIpItator operatIon In complIance WItH tHe requIrements of tHe eu reGulatIons

After the performed reconstructions electrostatic precipitators of units А1 and А2 at the TPP “Kostolac А” are compliant with the requirements of the EU regulations on the reduction of particulate matter emission. It has been planned to bring electrostatic precipitator operation in compliance with the EU regulations for the reduction of particulate matter emission on units B1 and B2 at TPP “Kostolac B” in the period 2009-2010.

brInGInG of sulpHur oxIde emIssIon In complIance WItH tHe requIrements of tHe local and eu reGulatIons

Based on the results of prepared studies the TPP “Kostolac B” has been selected as the first plant which must bring its SO2 emissions in compliance with the requirements of the local and EU regulations. The greatest effect on reduction of oxides emission at the units of this thermal power plant has been expected from the installation of flue gas desulphurization plant, since their share in the total emission of SO2 from thermal power plants of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia is the biggest one (their share in the total emission is app. 38.8%, while the share in the total output amounts to 16%).

In order to identify the most reliable technical design for the flue gas desulphurization for the TPP

“Kostolac B”, the Head Departement for Strategy and Investment, Environmental Protection Sector, began with the preparation of the investment-technical documentation for the flue gas desulphurization system for the TPP “Kostolac B” at the end of 2006 and finalized this task in July 2008. The project was prepared in accordance with the contract between the Electric Power Industry of Serbia and the Consortium consisting of the University for Mechanical Engineering in Belgrade, the Faculty of Mining and Geology in Belgrade and the USA company WorleyParsons. The scope and the content of this documentation were prepared in accordance with the Law on planning and construction (“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 47/2003), Rule Book on the content, scope and methods for preparation of pre-feasibility study and feasibility study for construction of facilities (“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 80/05) and Rule Book on the content of the environmental impact assessment study (“Official Gazette of RS” No. 65/05).

According to the content of the Terms of Reference, this documentation was prepared in the following two phases:

First phase study related to the possibilities of lime-•stone supply for the purposes of flue gas desulphurization at the TPP “Kostolac B”, ТPP “Nikola Tesla А”, ТPP “Nikola Tesla B” and the new generating capacity of 700 МW which would use Kolubara lignite; pre-feasibility study with the general design •for flue gas desulphurization at the TPP “Kostolac B”.

Second phasefeasibility study with the basic design for flue •gas desulphurization at the TPP “Kostolac B”; environmental impact assessment study for the •introduction of flue gas desulphurization plant at the TPP “Kostolac B”.


Table 11

EA ТPPs-OPMs Kostolac

Emission of hazardous substances

Part of the company ТPP Kostolac А ТPP Kostolac B ELV

Parameters А1 А2 B1 B2 ELV1 ELV2

(mg/m3)

sО2

5 340 6 050 5 530 5 354 650 400

nox

698 852 1 051 893 450 500

co 44 29 59 49 250

particulate matter 359 290 363 661 50 50

1 Regulations on emission limit values, methods and timeframe for measuring and data noting (“Official Gazette of RS” No. 30/97).2 Directive 2001/80/EC - on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants.

The first phase of preparation of the investment-technical documentation has been completed in September 2007 and the second phase in July 2008. The technological-technical design for flue gas desulphurization, considered in the design, is based on the newest achievements in the area of wet FGD systems, which imply the use of limestone as a sorbent and generation of gypsum as a by-pr oduct. In accordance with the stipulations of the EU Directive 2001/80/EC, the FGD plant has been designed so as to fulfill the requirements related to the emission limit values for sulphur dioxide, being 400 mg/Nm3, which requires a process efficiency of 94%.

perIodIcal measurements of emIssIon of Hazardous substances

The characteristics of the emissions from the stack are given on the basis of the results of periodical emission measurements performed at the PE EPS by the authorized institutions once a year.

Table 11 shows the results of measurement of hazardous substances emission for the units B1 and B2 at the TPP “Kostolac B” and the units А1 and А2 at the TPP “Kostolac А”.


By comparing the emission measurement results with the allowed emission limit values (ELV) of the local and EU legislation we can make the following conclusion:

SО• 2 emission on all TPP units is above the ELV of the local and EU legislation,CO emission is within the ELV of the local •regulations, particulate matter emission is above the ELV of •the local and EU regulations,NO• x emission on all TPP units is above the ELV of the local and EU regulations.

It can be noticed that the concentrations of particulate matter from the reconstructed electrostatic precipitators of units A1 and A2 were above the guarantee values of 50 mg/m3 during 2008 when the measurements were performed. Therefore, all parameters affecting the ESP operation efficiency shall be tested in the forthcoming period, in order to take the appropriate steps for achieving of the designed values.

The measures for the reduction of sulphur oxide emissions were not performed during designing and construction of the units of the TPPs “Kostolac A and B”, hence the concentration of sulphur dioxide in the flue gas is significantly exceeding the emission limit values (ELV) allowed in the local and EU legislation. In order to reduce the concentration of sulphur oxide emission to the level of 400 mg/m3, in accordance with the Directive 2001/80/EC, it has been planned to install the flue gas desulphurization plants by 2015 on units B1 and B2 of the TPP “Kostolac”. The respective investment documentation has already been completed.

This design documentation provides the required and sufficient level of the data for preparation of the tender documentation, which has been planned within the framework “Balance plan for the environmental protection of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia for the year 2009”. The defined criteria will enable the selection of an adequate bidder for the construction of desulphurization plant in accordance with all required technical-technological and economic parameters.

Additionally, the measures for the reduction of nitrogen oxide emission or even the nitrogen oxide concentration in the flue gas haven’t been performed, hence the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas significantly exceeds the emission limit values (ELV). In order to reduce the concentration of nitrogen oxide emissions to the level of 200 mg/m3, it has been planned to introduce the primary measures for the reduction of emissions on the units B1 and B2 of the TPP “Kostolac B” by 2015.

contInuous measurements of emIssIon of Hazardous substances

Measurements of emission of hazardous substances in flue gases are performed in accordance with the requirements of the Regulations on emission limit values, methods and timeframe for measuring and data noting (“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 30/97) on units B1 and B2 of the TPP “Kostolac B” and unit А2 of the TPP “Kostolac А”, where SO2 ,NOx, O2 and particulate matter are being measured, in contrast to the unit А1, where only PM emission is being measured.

emIssIon of Hazardous substances

The table 12 gives the breakdown of the annual emissions of particles, , SO2, NOx and CO2.


Table 12

EA ТPPs-OPMs KOSTOLAC

Emission of hazardous substances at the annual level

Company partt/ year

Particles SO2

NOx

CO2 x 103

ТPP Kostolac Аunit А1 826 13 227 1 726 755unit А2 1715 36 168 5 059 1 628total 2 541 49 395 6 785 2 384ТPP Kostolac Bunit b1 1 865 28 117 5 335 1 584unit b2 3 857 31 453 5 242 1 779total 5 722 59 570 10 577 3 364

EA ТPPs-OPMs Kostolac - total 8 263 108 960 17 362 5 748

WAter

All units have the flow cooling system and use the water from the Danube River for cooling. The return cooling water shall not disturb the recipient class II.

quantItIes of Water

Table 13 gives the breakdown of the water balance.

Table 13

EA TPPs-OPMs KOSTOLAC

Water quantities

Part of the economic Association

Water intake Discharged waste waters

Used quantitiesm3 /year x 103

Allowed quantities

m3 /year x 103

Return cooling

m3 /year x 103

Overflow and drainage from

the ash disposalm3 /year x 103

Sanitary waste

m3 /year x 103

Surface Ground* Surface

Тpp Kostolac А 355 560 296 767 336 310 18 288

Тpp Kostolac b 560 479 1 104 487 845 533 219 25 897 250

Total 916 039 1 104 784 612 869 529 44 185 250

* for the purposes of process water treatment.


Improvements aImed at reducInG asH dIsposal Waste Water Impact on surface and Ground Water

The activities related to the introduction of the new system for ash and slag transport and disposal at the TPP “Kostolac B” were continued in year 2008. This will enable the reduction of eolian erosion of ash, reduction of ground water pollution and hence eliminate the pollution of surface waters. Construction works at the site of the TPP “Kostolac B” (construction of silos) and site works at the OP “Cirikovac”, the future disposal of ash and slag from the TPP “Kostolac B”, have already been started.

The project is being implemented according to the contract between the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia and the German Consortium DOBERŠEK - MÖLLER for implementation of the project at the TPP “Kostolac B”, the value of which is 21 million euros and which is financed from EBRD credit.

The tender documentation for the project for replacement of the ash and slag disposal system at TPP “Kostolac А” has been prepared for the TPP “Kostolac А”.

The preparation of the “Pre-feasibility study with the general design of waste water treatment for the

TPP “Kostolac A and B” was completed during the year 2008. The study was prepared by the Belgrade Traffic Institute - CIP. The study determines the causes of waste water occurrence, place of their occurrence, quantity and quality of water, as well as technical-technological design for the treatment of oily waste waters based on techno-economic assessment of the respective technical design options for waste water treatment. The selected design will fulfill the legal requirements related to water protection against pollution. It is the responsibility of the TPP “Kostolac” to obtain the integrated license for operation, in accordance with the Law on integrated pollution prevention and control by 2015.

Noise

Environmental noise measurements were not performed in the year 2008.

WAste

The data related to control and monitoring of waste generated in 2008, which are being performed in accordance with the legal regulations, are shown in table 14.


Table 14

EA TPPs-OPMs KOSTOLAC

Waste

No.


Unit

ТPP KOSTOLAC

Note

TPP Kostolac A TPP Kostolac B Total

Title Code

1 aluminium and aluminium alloy waste 170 402 tons 0,34 0,34

2 zinc and zinc alloy waste 170 405 191 202

tons 1,39 1,39

3 metal barrels for oil 150 110 piece 44 44

4 Iron and iron alloy waste170 405 170 407

tons 298,986 597,972 896,958

5 mineral wool170 603 170 604

tons 36,9 11,1 48

6 chamotte bricks160 304 170 604

tons 110 110

7 Galvanized sheet with tar191 202 170 302

tons 0,3 0,3

8 steel pipes with ash sediment 170 409 tons 2,2 2,2





publIc objectIons

The only objection to the TPP “Kostolac B” operation was related to the implementation procedure for the project of reconstruction and upgrading of the system for ash and slag transport from the ТPP “Kostolac B”,

from the silo of the TPP “Kostolac B” to the disposal in the OP “Cirikovac” and building of the disposal in the internal overburden dump of the OP “Cirikovac”.

The authorized inspection determined that the objections were groundless.


ECONOMIC ASSOCIATION “PANNONIAN CHP PLANTS”

This company consists of the following combined heat and power plants:

CHP “Novi Sad”, •CHP “Zrenjanin”, •CHP “Sremska Mitrovica”.•


Air

Table 15 shows the data related to the emission measurements during the use of gaseous and liquid fuel – heavy oil for combustion. The measurements have been performed by the authorized institutions. Concentrations of all parameters are stated for the dry gas, normal conditions and reference oxygen.


Table 15

EA PANNONIAN CHP PLANTS

Emission of hazardous substances – periodical measurements

Parameters

CHP Novi SadELV

for liquid fuel ELV

for gaseous fuel

Unit А1liquid fuel

Unit А1 gaseous fuel

ELV1 ELV2 ELV1 ELV2

(mg/m3)

sО2

993 0 3200 1700 1700 35

nox

687 211 450 450 350 300

co 0 0 175 100

particulate matter 27 0.44 100 50 5 5

Parameters

CHP Novi SadELV

for liquid fuel ELV

for gaseous fuel

Unit А2liquid fuel


ELV1 ELV2 ELV1 ELV2

(mg/m3)

sО2

- 0 400 1500 100 35

nox

- 551 350 450 350 400

co - 9.7 175 100

particulate matter - 1.1 80 50 5 5

Parameters

CHP ZrenjaninELV

for liquid fuel ELV

for gaseous fuel

Unit А1 - boiler 1liquid fuel


ELV1 ELV2 ELV1 ELV2

(mg/m3)

sО2

605 3200 1700 1700 35

nox

1224 450 450 350 300

co 0 175 100

particulate matter 21 100 50 5 5


Parameters

CHP ZrenjaninELV

for liquid fuel ELV

for gaseous fuel

Boiler А2 liquid fuel

Boiler А2 - gaseous fuel

ELV1 ELV2 ELV1 ELV2

(mg/m3)

sО2

- 3200 1700 1700 35

nox

296 450 450 350 300

co - 175 100

particulate matter - 100 50 5 5

Parameters

CHP Sremska MitrovicaELV

for liquid fuel ELV

for gaseous fuel

Boiler 3liquid fuel

Boiler 3gaseous fuel

ELV1 ELV2 ELV1 ELV2

(mg/m3)

sО2

1 398 - 3 200 1700 1700 35

nox

509 485 450 450 350 300

co - - 175 100

particulate matter 134 11.9 100 50 5 5

Parameters

CHP Sremska MitrovicaAuxiliary boiler room

ELVfor gaseous fuel

Boiler 1 Boiler 2 Boiler 3 ELV1 ELV2

(mg/m3)

sО2

13 6 9 1 700 35

nox

175 176 161 350 300

co 100

particulate matter 0 3 8.83 5 5

1 Regulations on emission limit values, methods and timeframe for measuring and data noting (“Official Gazette of RS”, No. 30/97).

2 Directive 2001/80/EC - on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants.


Table 16 shows the breakdown of the annual emissions of SO2 , NOx, dust and CO2 from each of the combined heat and power plants.

Table 16

EA PANNONIAN CHP PLANTS”

Emission of hazardous substances at the annual level

Company part / Plantt/year

SO2

NOx

dust CO2 x 103

cHp novi sad 266 389 7 207cHp zrenjanin 272 641 10 124cHp sremska mitrovica 124 81 13 22

T O T A L 662 1111 30 353

WAter

The CHP “Novi Sad” and the CHP “Sremska Mitrovica” have the flow cooling system, while the CHP “Zrenjanin” has the closed cooling system (cooling towers).

Table 17 shows the breakdown of the water balance for CHP.

Table 17


W a t e r

Company part / Plant

Water intake (m3 /year x 103) Discharged waste water (m3 /year x 103)

Used quantities

Allowed quantities

Return cooling

OilySanitary

waste

Other (neutralization pit

and washing of LUVO)

cHp zrenjanin 905 492 372 30 90 30

cHp novi sad 18 701 33 839 18 368 4.4 31 10

cHp sremska mitrovica 675 569 600all waste waters are directed to the waste water

treatment plant pe matroz

T O T A L 20 281 34 900 19 340 34,4 121 40


The CHP “Novi Sad” uses the water from the Danube River for cooling. Return cooling waters are discharged into the Danube River and they do not disturb the recipient class II.

The CHP “Zrenjanin” uses the water from the Begej River for process water treatment and discharges the

waste water (sanitary, neutralization pit) through the Aleksandrovacki Canal (IV class) into the Begej River (IV class). There are no available data about the water quality of the Begej River after waste water discharge.

The CHP “Sremska Mitrovica” uses the water from the Sava River for cooling. Return cooling waters are discharged into the Sava and they do not disturb the recipient class II.

Noise

The measurement of environmental noise in the vicinity of the CHP “Novi Sad” was performed in the year 2008. The measurement results for both the daytime and the nighttime are below the allowed values.

WAste

The data about the waste generated during 2008, which has been controlled and monitored in accordance with the regulations, are shown in table 18.


Table 18


W a s t e

No.

Official nomenclature of the Rule Book, Offic. Gazette of RS, No. 55 /2001(List of wastes of the ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA)

Unit

Pannonian CHP plants

Tota

l

NoteCHP Novi

SadCHP

Zrenjanin

CHP Sremska

Mitrovica

Title Code Q u a n t i t i e s

1. acid lead batteries 160601 kg 550 cables with insulation

2. Iron and steel 170405 kg 47500 14250 pipes, cast steel

3. Iron and steel 170405 kg different valves and fittings

4. Iron and steel 170405 kg Iron filings

5. Insulation material other than the mater. stated in 170601 and 170603

170604 kg 2000 3000 mineral wool

6. mixture of different types of oil 130205 1600 800 Hydraulic oils

7. transformer oil 130307 l 600 200

8. Ion exchange mass 190905 kg 10000

9. automobile tires 1601103 pcs 14 37

10. Hydraulic lime 060201 t

11. other motor oils, gear oils and lubrication

130208 kg 800 200 Gearbox oil

12. other hydraulic oils 130113 kg 1200

13. aluminium 170402 kg 800






publIc objectIons

There were no objections related to the operation of these plants in 2008.

EXPECTATIONS FOR THE PERIOD 2009-2017


The total implemented international aid to the Republic of Serbia and the Electric Power Industry of Serbia in the period 2000-2007 amounts to app. 4.5 billion euros, of which app. 600 million euros have been invested in the Electric Power Industry of Serbia. Considering the global economic and social situation after the democratic changes in the year 2000, the international aid was necessary for solving of urgent problems, humanitarian and social issues, achievement of macroeconomic stabilization, reconstruction and remedy of infrastructural systems, as well as initializing of the reform process and

European integrations. Hence, the level of this aid was the highest exactly during the first two years of transitory changes and the following tendencies could be observed during the mentioned period:

reduction of participation of humanitarian aid •compared to the development aid,

reduction of participation of non-returnable •funds compared to the concessional credits, as well as the change of distribution of approved funds within the sectors.


Breakdown of the international aid implementation during the years, in million euros

Years 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Implemented international aid 868.55 726.35 686.22 450.58 713.21 551.35 372.20

Implemented international aid expressed in % Gdp

6.6 4.3 3.8 2.3 3.4 2.2 1.2

Source: Report on the international aid to the Republic of Serbia in the year 2007, Ministry of finance.

In the previous period a significant portion of the international aid has been implemented through different types of technical support and investment of the international community. With regard to the total scope of the aid implemented within the sectors in the period 2001-2007, the most supported sectors were as follows: budget support – financing of non-recurring expenses of reforms in all sectors (19.3%), energy sector (16.9%) and traffic (12.2%). In addition

to these sectors, a significant scope of aid has been implemented in the area of private sector development, development of the local municipal administration, health sector, while the high level of the international aid in the period until the year 2003 was directed to the social sector. The international aid in the Republic of Serbia is mainly directed to the covering of non-recurring reform costs, which are extremely high.


Basic development goals and priorities

The strategic basis for defining of the development direction of the Republic of Serbia is presented in the following documents: National strategy for joining the EU, National Strategy for the economic development of Serbia, Sustainable Development Strategy for Serbia, as well as a number of sector development strategies (energy sector, environmental protection and other areas).

The goal of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia is to achieve the EU standards in the area of environmental protection, as well as to further improve the environmental protection. The road to the European Union is understood as the road towards a modern society and more developed economy and economic requirements are understood as а measure and not as a goal.

It is important to mention that the European Union funds represent an important share in the total international aid funds and that they are mainly intended for support to the European integration process. Since the year 2007, the European Union aid has been provided through a new financial instrument - Instrument of Preaccession Assistance - IPA. The basis for planning and programming of IPA funds is the document of the European Committee - Multiannual Indicative Planning Document (MIPD), which refers to the future three-year period. While the MIPD is the document of the European Committee, that defines the priorities, goals, activities and measures for programming of the European Union funds, the document entitled The Green Book of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia is the one that defines priority goals

and programmes/projects in the area of environmental protection, with regard to the European integration, but to the other relevant reform goals and national politics as well. The framework agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Serbia on rules of cooperation related to the financial aid of the European community to the Republic of Serbia, within the framework of aid implementation according to the rules of the Instrument of Preaccession Assistance (IPA), was ratified on 26 December 2007. Additionally, the financial agreement between the Government of the Republic of Serbia and the European Union Committee is under preparation and it is related to the national programme for Serbia within the framework of the first IPA component – support to the transition process for the year 2007.

The national strategy for the economic development of Serbia defines the basic goals and development directions on the road towards a modern society, developed economy and improved quality of life for all citizens. At the same time, this is the road of joining the European Union, on which the Republic of Serbia will employ all its human, material, natural and geostrategic potentials, speed up the reform process and establish the new role of the country. Additionally, the Republic of Serbia must build its development on the principles of sustainable development – economic development coordinated and harmonized with the environmental politics, as well as social and other types of politics.


Requirements related to the international aid

For the achievement of strategic development goals, European integrations and the implementation of reforms in the future period, it is necessary to provide further international support to the Electric Power Industry of Serbia in the realization of its programme to meet the responsibilities from the SEE Energy Community Treaty and adjusting to the EU standards in the area of environmental protection. The priorities for the international aid can be distinguished in this programme, such as: construction, reconstruction and modernization of infrastructure for achieving the EU standards in the area of environmental protection.

In this sense, the help of the international community is necessary as a support to measures which should contribute to a better environmental condition, its improvement and finally, reaching the respective standards in this area like in all the EU countries.

With regard to the limits of available funds of the international community, as well as of the own funds, the efficiency in planning of funds and the implementation of the projects are of a great importance for financing all necessary reform activities and measures. In this sense it would be good to provide complementarity and compliance in programming of these funds, as well as to consider the possibilities of use of more efficient models of help. The improvement of cooperation in the stage of fund programming is of special importance, as well as providing joint financing of projects/programmes by several donors, cofinancing with the own financial funds, selection of the respective, most efficient methods for providing help, as well as the proper timing of the project implementation commencement, in order to use the limited capacities of the institutions which are receiving help in the most efficient way.

PRIORITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL AID FOR

ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA IN THE AREA OF

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION


The key priorities are the reforms and reduction of soil, surface, ground water and air pollution. In view of this, the funds and investments need to be directed to endangered locations and priority areas, such as air pollution from the thermal power plants. In order to overcome the above weaknesses within the environmental protection system, it is necessary to implement the following priorities:

improvement of the environmental control •system;encouragement of sustainable use of natural •resources, rational use of energy (in the first line by increase in the energy efficiency) and resources and stimulation of waste recycling and use of renewable energy sources; reduction of the air pollution from the energy •sector, industry, transport, caused by the emission of CО, SО2, СО2, NОx, particulate matter, specific pollutants and other GHG;

reduction of the soil, surface and ground water •pollution with hazardous substances and waste.

It is estimated that the total investments in the environmental protection will increase from 48 million euros to 725 million euros annually in the year 2017. The investment increase is gradual and the reason thereof is orientation to the building of the efficient legal and financial system, as well as monitoring and reporting system for the environmental protection system, the activities of which would not be capital-intensive. The estimation is that on the level of the Republic the biggest share in the total costs for the National Programme for environmental protection will be the share of the energy and mining sector (28%), followed by the water management (15%) and the transport - the costs directly connected with the improvement of environmental protection (9%).


Priority measures/activities for the implementation of mid-term goals in the area of environmental protection in the Electric Power Industry of Serbia

Goals

Improvement of air quality and climate changes

reduction of pollution from the mining sector

reduction of pollution from the energy sector

Improvement of waste management

protection of soil

protection against noise

protection against non-ionizing radiation

The amount of the currently foreseen funds is just the minimum part of the necessary investments in reduction of the air and water pollution from the energy sector. The total investments for bringing the

energy sector to the level compliant with the BATs, improvement of energy efficiency, use of renewable energy sources etc, require significantly higher level of financial funds. The Electric Power Industry of Serbia is aware that the environmental protection has an essential role in reaching the development goals and that it provides substantial funds for solving of the priority issues of environmental protection. At the same time, the funds are insufficient for financing of all activities and investment projects in the area of environmental protection, which need to be implemented during the next years. Hence, it is necessary to involve all available mechanisms and possibilities for the implementation of the future projects.

The international help directed to the key segments of environmental protection, including the loans under the most favourable conditions, is of essential importance.

PRIORITIES AND REQUIREMENTS IN THE PERIOD 2009–2017


In the forthcoming period emissions of pollutants shall be brought in compliance with the requirements of the local and the EU regulations. We would like to emphasize that by signing and ratification of the Agreement on founding of the common electricity market for the countries of central and southeast Europe, the Republic of Serbia has promised to fully comply with the Acquis Communautaire Environment. According to the set of laws on the environmental protection, which were enforced at the end of December 2004, the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia must coordinate the operation of its facilities with their stipulations by 2015. This means that according to the national regulations, which are still to be coordinated with the EU regulations, the best available techniques (BAT) in view of protective measures must be applied for the new facilities and plants being overhauled:

Desulphurization and denitrification plants, as •well as high efficiency electrostatic precipitators must be installed and waste water treatment plants must be built for the new thermal power facilities and also for those being overhauled, new solutions must be introduced for ash transport and disposal etc;

New recultivation methods, including selective •excavation and humus disposal must be applied in the mining sector;Protective measures for accumulation lakes •and costal area, remedy and revitalization of the existing condition must be performed for the hydroelectric power plants;Adjustment to the requirements of the UN •Framework Convention on climate change and Kyoto Protocol, use of clean development mechanisms (CDM), foreseen as a support to the sustainable development of the developing countries, as well as the preparation for application of other flexible mechanisms;Introduction of the Environmental Management •System (EMS) ISO 14001 within the Electric Power Industry of Serbia;Maximum use of the waste materials (ash, •gypsum, clay, gravel, sand, oil, rubber, alternative fuels and other), which are generated as by-products during the activities being performed within the Electric Power Industry of Serbia.


The following activities have been planned for the period 2009-2015:

At the level of the PE Electric Power Industry •of Serbia: preparation of the environmental strategy and politics in the Electric Power Industry of Serbia; optimization of reduction of the total emission of hazardous substances from the thermal power plants within the Electric Power Industry of Serbia; projects for introduction of new technologies for the environmental impact reduction; following of the development of the local and foreign regulations which are related to the environmental protection; preparation of the pollutant register for air, water, soil and waste; implementation of the environmental monitoring system; improvement of the environmental organization and management system within the company; solving of the problem of hazardous and toxic waste, as well as use of waste and by-products, generated during plant operation, as secondary raw material; implementation of the project “Development of environmental protection management system” in the forthcoming period at the level of the PE EPS, reconsidering of the implementation of additional financial effects for the reduction of CО2 emissions from the power plants of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia.Coal generation and processing: • development and introduction of new technologies for selective excavation of the layers covering the coal layer (use of the material of the layers covering the coal layer and the layers beneath the coal layer as non-metallic mineral resources); recultivation of overburden disposal; protection of the regime and quality of ground and surface waters and soil in the vicinity of the mines; protection against emission (gases, dust and noise), protection during processing of coal.

Thermal power plants and combined heat •and power plants: monitoring, reduction of emission and improvement of the air quality: reconstruction of electrostatic precipitators in accordance with the legal regulations, application of the primary measures for the reduction of nitrogen oxide concentration in flue gases in accordance with the legal requirements on the units being overhauled, as well as installation of the flue gas desulphurization plant at the TPP in accordance with the legal requirements; monitoring of the activities on improvement of the generation efficiency (reduction of the auxiliary consumption) from the aspect of environmental protection, supporting of the programme for the district heating from thermal power plants from the aspect of environmental protection; improvement of the existing and introduction of new technologies for ash and slag transport and disposal in accordance with the special programme; reduction of quantity of waste water and control of the discharged water quality, ground water protection by introduction of the new technologies for ash transport and disposal, fabrication of water curtains of wells in the vicinity of the disposals and erection of the plant for waste water treatment; use of ash and slag in the cement industry, civil engineering, construction of roads etc.Hydroelectric power plants:• monitoring, survey, measurements and analysis of the water regime and quality (accumulation, water courses, ground water), as well as the regime and the quality of the deposits; protection against erosion, flooding, deposits and ice; protection of the coastal area; special measures for protection of the coastal area of the Djerdap system of power plants, in addition to the implementation of the “Programme


for monitoring, evaluation and analysis of the impact of the Danube backwater on the embankment caused by construction and the work of HPP “Djerdap I” and “Djerdap II”“, as well as cooperation with the International Committee for protection of the Danube River (ICPDR).

The implementation of the Plan for environmental protection and improvement is being coordinated with the implementation of the plans for investment, maintenance and scientific research. The necessary financial funds are contained within the stated plans.

It has been estimated that the Electric Power Industry of Serbia would have to invest 1.2 billion € in the environmental protection in order to comply with the EU standards in the period by 2015.

The already defined programmes are related to the: reduction of sulphur oxides emission by installation of the flue gas desulphurization plants in the thermal power plants, reduction of nitrogen oxides emission by introduction of the primary measures, reconstruction or replacement of the electrostatic precipitators, replacement of fuel used by the combined heat and power plants with the fuel having the lower coefficient of hazardous substances emission, preparation of the pollutant register, cleaning of the riverbed and solving of the floating waste issue, supporting the use of renewable energy sources (mini-hydroelectric power plants), treatment of oily waters from the EPS facilities, as well as recultivation of soil (nursery plants, afforesting), introduction of the Environmental Management System (EMS) ISO 14001 in the Electric Power Industry of Serbia.


Planned activities for environmental projects at open pit mines, thermal power plants and hydroelectric power plants of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia for the period 2009 –2015

Protective meAsures WithiN sectors

GeneratIon and processInG of coaldevelopment and introduction of new •technologies of selective excavation of the layers covering the coal layer,possibilities for use of the material of the •layers covering the coal layer and the layers beneath the coal layer as non-metallic mineral resources,recultivation of overburden disposals,•measures for protection of ground and surface •water regime and quality and protection of soil in the vicinity of the mines, protection against dust and noise and protection during coal processing.

tHermal poWer plants and combIned Heat and poWer plants

Reconstruction of the electrostatic precipitators •in accordance with the legal regulations (ELV=50 mg/m3 of particulate matter) on units under rehabilitation,Application of the primary measures for •reduction of nitrogen oxide concentration in flue gases in accordance with the legal regulations (ELV=200 mg/m3 of nitrogen oxides) on units under rehabilitation,Installation of the flue gas desulphurization •plant at the TPP in accordance with the legal regulations (ELV = 400 mg/m3 of sulphur oxides),

Improvement of the existing and introduction •of new technologies for ash and slag transport and disposal (mixing of ash and water in the ratio 1:1),Recultivation of ash disposals in accordance •with the special programme,Reduction of the waste water quantity,•Control of the discharged water quality and •monitoring of its influence on the recipients,Fabrication of the water curtains of wells in •the vicinity of the disposals for protection of ground water and surrounding soil,Use of ash and slag in the cement industry, •concrete industry, road construction etc.

HydroelectrIc poWer plantsmonitoring, survey, measurements and analyses •of the water regime and quality (accumulation, water courses, ground water), as well as the regime and the quality of the depositsprotection against erosion, flooding, deposits •and ice,revegetation of the river basin,•protection of the coastal area,•protection of water, especially of accumulation •lakes which should be used for other purposes,project for organization and for environmental •protection management system,preparation of the water pollutant register •and preparation of the monitoring system for accumulation lakes and coastal area,introduction of the information system with •regard to protection of water and coastal area.


projects In tHe perIod 2008-2015

Project I Reconstruction or replacement of the existing electrostatic precipitators on TPP units

Thermal Power Plant Commencement

of implem. /end of implementation

Funds in Є Financial source

ТPP Nikola Tesla А - unit А6 2009/2009 6,000,000 IPA-2007

ТPP Nikola Tesla B – unit B1 2009/2009 6,000,000 IPA-2007

ТPP Nikola Tesla B – unit B2 2010/2010 7,500,000 IPA-2008/EPS (expected)

ТPP Morava 2010/2010 4,000,000 EPS/IPA-2009 (expected)

ТPP Kolubara А - unit А5 2008/2009 4,000,000 Environmental Protection Fund of the RS/EPS

ТPP Kostolac B – unit B1 2010 5,000,000 Environmental Protection Fund of the RS/EPS *

TPP Kostolac B – unit B2 2010 5,000,000 Environmental Protection Fund of the RS/EPS *

T o t a l 37,500,000

Project II Primary measures for the reduction of NOx emissions from TPP units




ТPP Nikola Tesla А - unit А3-А6 2008-2015 24,000,000 IPA (expected)

ТPP Nikola Tesla B - unit B1-B2 2008-2015 24,000,000 IPA (expected)

ТPP Nikola Tesla B – unit B2 2008-2015 7,500,000 IPA (expected)

ТPP Morava 2008-2015 4,000,000 Electric Power Industry of Serbia

TPP Kostolac A - A1-A2 2008-2015 12,000,000 Electric Power Industry of Serbia

ТPP Kostolac B - unit B1- B2 2008-2015 12,000,000 Environmental Protection Fund of the RS/EPS *

T o t a l 83,500,000


Project III Flue gas desulphurization on the TPP units (FGD)




ТPP Nikola Tesla А - unit А3– А6 2012/2016 200,000,000 Not defined (japanese credit)

ТPP Nikola Tesla B 2010/2014 210,000,000 Possibly IPA/EPS

ТPP Kostolac B 2009/2011 125,000,000 Possibly the Environmental Protection Fund of the RS

T o t a l 535,000,000

Project IVReconstruction of the ash and slag transport and disposal system –introduction of the new technology




ТPP Kolubara А - unit А5 2008/2009 8,000,000 Environmental Protection Fund of the RS/EPS

ТPP Nikola Tesla А - unit А3– А6 2010/2012 40,000,000 IPA 2009/EPS (expected)

T o t a l 48,000,000

Other projectsReconstruction of the ash and slag transport and disposal system – introduction of the new technology




Removal of PCB oil from the facilities of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia

2009/2010 6,000,000 IPA 2008/Electric Power Industry of Serbia

Continuous monitoring of gas emissions from ТЕNТ

2010/2012 3,750,000 IPA 2008/ Electric Power Industry of Serbia

Introduction of the Environmental Management System (EMS) ISO 14001 in the Electric Power Industry of Serbia

2005/2009 500,000 EAR/ Electric Power Industry of Serbia

Modernization of the monitoring and control system at TENT B

2009/2012 12,000,000 SECO SWISS/ Electric Power Industry of Serbia

T o t a l 21,750,000


Planned activities for the implementation of projects in the thermal power plants of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia:

Selection of consultants for the projects, •preparation of the tender documentation, preparation and evaluation of bids for international tender procedures and preparation of the contract documentation (6 months for the tender procedure);Preparation of the General Designs – technical, •mechanical, electrical and civil engineering (6 months for the General Design);Procurement of the equipment and material;•Civil works and erection of building •structures;

Dismantling and erection of the equipment for •electrostatic precipitator reconstruction; Installation of the equipment for FGD plants;•Trial run and performance tests;•Continuous plant operation and analysis of the •operation results.

The detailed action plan is given in Annex II and the breakdown of proposed projects that require the international aid is presented in Annex IV of this document.


Risks of failure to perform the planned activities during implementation of the projects in the thermal power plants of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia

With regard to the politics of electricity •prices, the Electric Power Industry of Serbia is not able to finance the projects for flue gas desulphurization at the TPP “Kostolac B” and the TPP “Nikola Tesla B” from its own funds or from the commercial credits. Failure to provide the adequate financing •funds in time would jeopardize the dynamics and the implementation of the project for the flue gas desulphurization at the TPP “Kostolac B” and the TPP “Nikola Tesla B”. The direct consequence of this would be impossibility of obtaining the integrated license (license for plant operation), because these plants are on the list of the IPPC plants pursuant to the Law on integrated pollution prevention and control (“Official Gazette of the RS”, 135/04).In case of desisting from or the delay in the •dynamics for the implementation of planned activities on the environmental protection projects, the Electric Power Industry of Serbia will not be able to perform its project

responsibilities (Investment Plan for the period 2007-2012 and responsibilities in this area defined in the Plan for achievement of energy sector strategies), and hence the responsibilities arising from the SEE Energy Community Treaty.

Failure to perform the planned activities •within the energy sector and the Electric Power Industry of Serbia jeopardizes the fulfillment of obligations of Serbia within the framework of valid international contracts, as well as responsibilities arising from the process of harmonization and joining the EU in the area of energy sector and environmental protection.

In order to fulfill the EU standards, as well as the Law on integrated pollution prevention and control (Official Gazette of the RS, 135/04), the Electric Power Industry of Serbia must invest 1.2 billion € in the environmental protection by 2015 in all its sectors.

ANNEX I


ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA - ENERGY SECTOR

1. General regulations and laws

1. Constitution of the Republic of Serbia (Official Gazette of RS, No. 1/90)

2. Environmental Protection Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 66/91, 83/92, 67/93, 48/94, 53/95)

3. Environmental Protection Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 135/04)

4. Modifications and amendments of the Environmental Protection Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 36/2009)

5. Law on Strategic Environmental Impact Assessment (Official Gazette of RS, No. 135/04)

6. Law on Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (Official Gazette of RS, No. 135/04)

7. Environmental Impact Assessment Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 135/04)

8. Modifications and amendments of the Environmental Impact Assessment Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 36/2009)

9. Law on transportation of hazardous substances (Official Gazette of SFRY, No. 27/90, 45/90, Official Gazette of FRY, No. 24/94, 28/96, 21/99)

10. Explosive Substances Law (Official Gazette of SFRY, No. 30/85, 6/89, 53/91, Official Gazette of FRY, No. 24/94)

11. Law on Toxic Substance Production and Trading (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 15/95, 28/96)

12. Law on explosive substances, flammable liquids and gases (Official Gazette of SRS, No. 44/77, 45/85, 18/89, Official Gazette of RS, No. 53/93, 67/93, 48/94)

13. Law on Waste Management (Official Gazette of RS, No. 36/2009)

14. Law on Hydro-Meteorological Activities of Republic Interest (Official Gazette of SFRY, No. 18/88, 63/90)

15. Law on protection against natural disasters (Official Gazette of SRS, No. 20/77, 24/85, 27/85, 6/89, 52/89 and Official Gazette of RS, No. 53/93, 67/93, 48/94)

16. Fire Protection Law (Official Gazette of SRS, No. 37/88 and Official Gazette of RS, No. 53/93, 67/93, 48/94)

17. Law on Ionizing Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety (Official Gazette of RS, No. 36/2009)

18. Law on prohibition of nuclear plants erection in FRY (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 12/95)

19. Law on Water Regime (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 59/98)

20. Water Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 46/91, 53/93, 67/93, 48/94, 54/96)

21. Law on Agricultural Land Soil (Official Gazette of RS, No. 49/92, 53/93, 67/93, 48/94, 46/95, 54/96, 14/00)

22. Plant Protection Act (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 24/98, 26/98)

23. Law on Protection of plants against diseases and insect pests (Official Gazette of SRS, No. 14/84, 6/89 and Official Gazette of RS, No, 53/93, 67/93, 48/94)

24. Organic Agriculture Law (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 28/2000)

25. Law on Electrical Energy Sector (Official Gazette of RS, No. 84/2004)

26. Forest Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 46/91, 83/92, 54/93, 67/93, 48/94, 54/96)

27. Law on Geological Survey Activities (Official Gazette of RS, No. 44/95)


28. Law on determining and classification of mineral resources and presenting of geological survey data

(Official Gazette of FRY, No: 12/98, 13/98)

29. Mining Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 44/95)

30. Planning and Construction Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 47/2003)

31. Spatial Planning Law of the Republic of Serbia (Official Gazette of RS, No. 13/96)

32. Company Law (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 29/96, 33/96, 29/97, 59/98, 74/99)

33. Standardization Law (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 30/96, 59/98)

34. Occupational Health and Safety Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 42/91, 53/93, 67/93, 48/94, 42/98)

35. Public Health Protection Act (Official Gazette of RS, No. 17/92, 26/92, 50/92, 52/93, 53/93, 67/93, 48/94, 25/96)

36. Law on National Parks (Official Gazette of RS, No. 39/93, 44/93, 53/93, 67/93, 48/94)

37. Law on Ministries (Official Gazette of RS, No. 19/2004, 84/2004)

38. Law on the authorities of autonomous provinces (Official Gazette of RS, No. 6/2002)

39. Local Administration Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 49/99, 27/2001, 100/2003)

40. Law on Communal Activities (Official Gazette of RS, No. 16/97, 42/98)

41. State Administration Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 20/92, 6/93, 48/93, 53/93, 67/93, 48/94, 49/99)

42. Act on principles of internal organization and systematization of work positions in the ministries, special organizations and governmental departments

(Official Gazette of RS, No.78/2004)

43. Decision on founding of organization for protection of natural resources (Official Gazette of RS, No. 88/92)

44. Law on general administrative procedures (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 33/97, 31/2001)

45. Law on administrative disputes (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 46/96)

46. Non-Ionizing Radiation Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 36/2009)

47. Air Protection Act (Official Gazette of RS, No. 36/2009)

48. Nature Protection Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 36/2009)

49. Law on protection and sustainable use of fish resources (Official Gazette of RS, No. 36/2009)

50. Chemicals Management Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 36/2009)

51. Law on biocides (Official Gazette of RS, No. 36/2009)

52. Noise and Vibration Law (Official Gazette of RS, No. 36/2009)

53. Law on Package Waste (Official Gazette of RS, No. 36/2009)


2. Decrees

1. Decree on Natural Rarities Protection (Official Gazette of RS, No. 50/93, 93/93)

2. Decree on Transport of Hazardous Substances by road and rail (Official Gazette of RS, No. 53/2002)

3. Decree on determining the Programme for air pollution control in 2004 and 2005

(Official Gazette of RS, No. 48/04)

4. Decree on bases, standards and conditions for classification of organizations and entities into certain categories of fire danger

(Official Gazette of SRS, No. 58/89, 4/90)

5. Decree on categorization of watercourses (Official Gazette of RS, No. 5/68)

6. Decree on classification of water in inter-republic watercourses, international waters and waters of the Yugoslav coastal sea

(Official Gazette of SFRY, No. 33/87)

7. Decree on types of activities and plants which can obtain integrated license (Official Gazette of RS, No. 84/05)

8. Decree on determining the programme of systematic testing of water quality (Official Gazette of RS, No. 8/00)

9. Decree on the content of the programme of measures for adjusting of the existing plant operation or activities to the stipulated conditions


10. Decree on criteria for determining of the best available techniques, for application of quality standards, as well as determining of emission limit values in the integrated license


11. Decree on Waste Oil Management (Official Gazette of RS, No. 60/08)

12. Decree on Principles and Procedures for asbestos-containing waste management



3. Rule Books1. Rule Book on environmental impact assessment of structures and works (Official Gazette of RS, No. 61/92)

2. Rule Book on conditions and criteria for preparation of environmental impact assessment of structures and works


3. Rule Book on categorization of protected natural resources (Official Gazette of RS, No. 30/92)

4. Rule Book on designation of protected natural resources (Official Gazette of RS, No. 30/92, 24/94, 17/96)

5. Rule Book on the register of protected natural resources (Official Gazette of RS, No. 30/92

6. Rule Book on the documentation to be submitted with the request for issuing of the permit for import, export and transit of waste

(Official Gazette of FRY, No. 69/99)

7. Rule Book on the Criteria for Determining the Location and Design of Waste Landfills


8. Rule Book on the Method of Handling Wastes Having the Properties of Dangerous Substances


9. Rule Book on construction of the liquefied petroleum gas plant and on storage and pouring of liquefied petroleum gas


10. Rule Book on construction of the plant for flammable liquids and pouring of flammable liquids


11. Rule Book on construction of the tank stations for motor vehicles and on storage and pouring of fuel


12. Rule Book on storage of heating oil (Official Gazette of SFRY, No. 45/67)

13. Rule Book on allowed quantities of hazardous substances in soil and irrigation water and the test methods


14. Rule Book on establishing the networks of meteorological stations and working programmes of national interest


15. Rule Book on limit values, immission measuring methods, selection of sample spots criteria and data collecting

(Official Gazette of RS, No. 54/92, 30/99)

16. Regulations on emission limit values, methods and timeframe for measuring and data noting


17. Regulations on detailed conditions to be fulfilled by the professional organizations performing emission and immission measurements


18. Regulation on Permitted Level of Noise in the Environment (Official Gazette of RS, No. 54/92)

19. Regulations on methods for risk assessment against chemical accidents and environmental pollution, measures for preparation and remedy of consequences


20. Regulations on measures against natural disasters which must be covered by the technical documentation for construction of investment facilities


21. Regulations оn limits of exposure to ionizing radiation sources for population and personnel handling with ionizing radiation sources, on measurement of ionizing radiation exposure level for personnel handling with ionizing radiation sources and on checking of working environment contamination

(Official Gazette of SFRY, No. 31/89, 63/89)

22. Rule Book on the conditions for application of ionizing radiation sources in the medicine

(Official Gazette of FRY, No. 32/98, 33/98)

23. Rule Book on the conditions to be met by the legal entities for systematic testing of the radionuclide content in the environment



24. Rule Book on the conditions for trading and use of radioactive materials of x-ray devices and other devices which generate ionizing radiation


25. Rule Book on limit values for ionizing radiation exposure (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 32/98)

26. Rule Book on the conditions for trading with foodstuff and general use objects conserved by ionizing radiation

(Official Gazette of FRY, No.42/98)

27. Rule Book on maximum limits of radioactive contamination of environment and on decontamination


28. Rule Book on methods and conditions for collecting, storage, recording and disposal of radioactive waste


29. Rule Book on the conditions to be met by the legal entities for decontamination (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 9/99)

30. Rule Book on methods and minimal number of samplings for testing of waste water quality

(Official Gazette of SRS, No. 47/83, 13/84)

31. Rule Book on methods for determining and maintenance of sanitary protection areas and zones of the facilities for drinking water supply

(Official Gazette of SRS, No. 33/78)

32. Regulation on dangerous substances in water (Official Gazette of SRS, No. 31/82)

33. Rule Book on the conditions to be met by the companies and other legal entities for testing of surface and ground water quality, as well as testing of waste water quality


34. Rule Book on water classification

a. Regulations on the hygienic correctness of drinking water



35. Rule Book on the maximal quantities of hazardous substances in the animal food

(Official Gazette of SFRY, No. 2/90, 27/90)

36. Rule Book on methods for destruction of plants (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 67/2001)

37. Rule Book on the type of packages for pesticides and fertilizers and on destruction of pesticides and fertilizers


38. Rule Book on trading, import and sampling of fertilizers (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 59/2001)

39. Rule Book on trading, import and sampling of pesticides (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 59/2001)

40. Rule Book on the methods of organic plant production and collection of forest fruits and medicinal herbs as products of organic agriculture

(Official Gazette of FRY, No.51/2002)

41. Rule Book on the methods of organic cattle breeding (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 51/2002)

42. Rule Book on the conditions to be met by the legal entities for testing of the production process methods for obtaining of organic products


43. Rule Book on the allowed quantities of dangerous and hazardous substances in soil and irrigation water and on the test methods


44. Rule Book on the procedure of checking of equipment for operation and testing of working environment conditions


45. Rule Book on dangerous materials in waters (Official Gazette of RS, No. 31/82)

46. Rule Book on the conditions to be met by the companies and other legal entities for determining of surface and ground water quality, as well as waste water quality


47. Rule Book on methods and minimal number of samplings for testing of waste water quality


48. Regulations on the hygienic correctness of drinking water (Official Gazette of RS, No. 44/99)


49. Rule Book on limit values, immission measuring methods, selection of sample spots criteria and data collecting


50. Regulations on emission limit values, methods and timeframe for measuring and data noting


51. Regulations on detailed conditions to be fulfilled by the professional organizations performing emission and immission measurements


52. Rule Book on the Method of Handling Wastes Having the Properties of Dangerous Substances


53. Rule Book on the content of requirements related to environmental impact assessment and on the content of requirements for determining the scope of the environmental impact assessment study


54. Rule Book on the content of environmental impact assessment study (Official Gazette of RS, No. 69/05)

55. Rule Book on the content, scope and methods for preparation of pre-feasibility study and feasibility study for construction of facilities


56. Rule Book on Activities of the Technical Commission for EIA study evaluation (Official Gazette of RS, No. 69/05)

57. Rule Book on the content, appearance and methods of keeping the public book on conducted procedures and decisions made related to environmental impact assessment


58. Rule Book on the procedures for public access, presentation and public discussion about the environmental impact assessment study


59. Rule Book on the content and methods for keeping the register of issued integrated licenses


60. Regulations on methods for risk assessment against chemical accidents and environmental pollution, measures for preparation and remedy of consequences


61. Rule Book on the Criteria for Determining the Location and Design of Waste Landfills


62. Regulation on Permitted Level of Noise in the Environment (Official Gazette of RS, No. 54/92)

63. Rule Book on the register of protected natural resources (Official Gazette of RS, No. 30/92)

64. Rule Book on categorization of protected natural resources (Official Gazette of RS, No. 30/92)

65. Rule Book on the technical conditions to be met by the fish pond (Official Gazette of SRS, No. 27/81)

66. Regulations on the Requirements and Method of Classification, Packing, and Storage of Secondary Raw Materials


67. Rule Book on limit values for ionizing radiation exposure (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 32/98)

68. Rule Book on the content of the documentation related to engineering and geological plans



4. Decisions

1. Decision on defining of the organizations which fulfill the conditions for noise measurement in human environment

(Official Gazette of SRS, No. 1/84, 44/84, 44/87, 51/91)

2. Decision on founding of the Nuclear Energy Committee (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 16/96)

3. Decision on the conditions for location, construction, trial run, commissioning, exploitation and shut down of nuclear plant


4. Decision on preparation and the content of the report on nuclear safety and of other documentation necessary for checking of compliance with nuclear safety measures


5. Decision on methods and conditions for systematic testing of deposition of radionuclide in the vicinity of the nuclear plant


6. Decision on the conditions for trading and use of nuclear materials and the methods for classification of nuclear materials according to the material balance areas


7. Decision on the qualifications and the health condition of the persons dealing with ionizing radiation sources


8. Decision on registering of ionizing radiation sources and of the exposure levels of the population, patients and personnel handling with ionizing radiation sources


9. Decision on systematic testing of the radionuclide content in the environment (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 45/97)

10. Decision on the conditions to be met by the legal entities performing the measurements for evaluation of ionizing radiation exposure of the personnel dealing with the radiation sources, patients and population


11. Decision on the criteria for evaluation of nuclear plant safety (Official Gazette of FRY, No. 2/98)

12. Decision on the conditions to be met by the personnel employed in generation process control at the nuclear power plant and in process supervision



RATIFIED INTERNATIONAL CONTRACTS IN THE AREA OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

International Contracts regulating the environmental protection

1. Law on ratification of the International Convention for the protection of birds (Official Gazette of SFRY - International Contracts, No. 6/73)

2. Decree on ratification of the Convention for protection against risks from benzol poisoning

(Official Gazette of SFRY - International Contracts, No.16/76)

3. Law on ratification of the Convention for prevention and control of professional risks caused by cancerous substances and agents

(Official Gazette of SFRY - International Contracts, No. 3/77)

4. Convention on swamps of international interest, especially as residences of swamp birds


5. Law on ratification of the Convention on protection of personnel against professional risks in the work environment caused by air pollution, noise and vibration


6. Law on ratification of the Convention on long-range transboundary air pollution


7. Law on ratification of the Protocol with the Convention on long-range transboundary air pollution and long-term financing of Cooperative Programme for monitoring and evaluation of long-range transboundary air pollution in Europe (EMEP)


8. Law on ratification of the Convention on Occupational Safety and Health and the Working Environment


9. Law on ratification of the Convention on Safety in the Use of Asbestos (Official Gazette of SFRY - International Contracts, No. 4/89)

10. Law on ratification of the Protocol on protection of Mediterranean Sea against pollution and land-based sources with Annexes I, II and III


11. Law on ratification of the Agreement for the Environmental Protection from Pollution of the Tisza River and Tributaries


12. Vienna Convention on protection of ozone layer, with Annexes I and II (Official Gazette of SFRY - International Contracts, No. 1/90)

13. Law on ratification of the Agreement for the Environmental Protection from Pollution of the Tisza River and Tributaries


14. Law on ratification of the European Convention on Protection of Architectural Heritage


15. Law on ratification of Montreal protocol on ozone-depleting substances (Official Gazette of SFRY - International Contracts, No.16/90)

16. Law on ratification of the European Convention on Protection of Architectonic Heritage


17. Law on ratification of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, with Annexes

(Official Gazette of FRY - International Contracts, No. 2/97)

18. Law on ratification of the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal

(Official Gazette of FRY - International Contracts, No. 2/99)

19. Convention on cooperation for Protection and Sustainable Use of Danube River (Official Gazette of SCG - International Contracts, No. 4/2003)


20. Amendments to Montreal protocol on ozone-depleting substances (Official Gazette of SCG - International Contracts, No. 2/2004)

21. Montreal protocol on ozone-depleting substances (Official Gazette of SFRY - International Contracts, No: 16/90, Official Gazette of Serbia and Montenegro - International Contracts, No: 24/04)

22. Convention on environmental impact assessment in a Transboundary Context Espoo, 1991.

23. Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents Helsinki, 1992.

24. Convention on protection and use of transboundary watercourses and international lakes

Helsinki, 1992.

25. Convention on access to information, public participation in decision-making and access to justice in environmental matters

Aarhus, 1998.

26. Kyoto Protocol with UN Framework Convention on climate change Kyoto,1997.

27. Amendments to the Vienna Convention on ozone-depleting Substances

- London Amendment London, 1990.

- Copenhagen Amendment Copenhagen, 1992.

- Beijing Amendment Beijing, 1999.

28. Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade

Rotterdam, 1998.

29. Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants – POPs Stockholm, 2001.

30. Framework Agreement on the River Sava Basin Sarajevo, 2002.

31. Convention on Protection and Sustainable Development Carphatia, 2003.

32. Protocol with Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal

Basel, 1999.

33. Convention on Civil Liability for Damage Resulting from Activities Dangerous to Environment

Lugano, 1993.

34. Protocol on Pollutant Release and Transfer Registers - PRTR Kiev, 2003.

35. Protocol on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions or their Transboundary Fluxes for at least 30 percent

Helsinki, 1985.

36 Protocol concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen Oxides or their Transboundary Fluxes

Sofia, 1988.

37. Protocol on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions Oslo, 1994.

38. Protocol on heavy metals Aarhus, 1998.

39. Protocol on Reduction of Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground Ozone Gothenburg, 1999.

40. The Convention on Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses New York, 1997.

41. Barcelona Convention for the Protection of Mediterranean Sea against pollution and protocols

Barcelona, 1976.

42. Law on ratification of Energy Community Treaty SEE (Official Gazette of RS, No. 62/06)


EU LEGISLATION

Council Directive 85/337/EC of 27 June 1985, Council Directive 97/11/EC of 3 March 1997,

European Parliament Directive 2003/35/EC of 26 May and amending the Council Directive 85/337/EC,

European Parliament Directive 1999/32/EC of 26 April 1999 related to reduction in the sulphur content of certain liquid fuels and amending the Directive 93/12/EЕC,

European Parliament Directive 2001/80/EC of 23 October 2003 and Council Directive 79/409/EЕC of 2 April 1979

ANNEX II


ACTION PLAN OF THE PUBLIC ENTERPRISE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION (ACTIVITIES AND MEASURES)

Period 2009–2015

ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA (thermal energy sector)

AIR AND SOIL PROTECTION 2009 -2014

№ Activity/measure Unit Implementation timeEstimated funds

(x 1000 euro)Comment/financing

1. Reconstruction or replacement of the existing electrostatic precipitators at TPPs within EPS (ELV = 30 - 50 mg/Nm3) with installation of continuous flow and flue gas quality measurement

TPP Nikola Tesla A6 2010 6,000 IPA Fund

TPP Nikola Tesla A3 2010-2011 5,000 Financing sources are not determined, the possibilities are as follows:

1. EPS own funds 2. IPA Funds 3. Credits 4. National Investment Plan (NIP) 5. Environmental Protection Fund of the Republic of Serbia

TPP Nikola Tesla B1-B2 2010-2012 12,000 IPA Fund for unit B1 in 2012

TPP Nikola Tesla B3 2010-2014 10,000 During construction

TPP Kolubara А5 2008-2009 5,000 Environmental Protection Fund of the Republic of Serbia

TPP Kolubara B1-B2 2010-2014 10,000 During construction

ТPP Kostolac B1-B2 2009-2012 10,000 During construction of flue gas desulphurization system (Environmental Protection Fund of the Republic of Serbia + credit/IPA)

ТPP Morava 2010-2011 4,000 Environmental Protection Fund of the Republic of Serbia /IPA




2. Application of primary measures for reduction of NO

x emission

(ELV = 200 mg/Nm3)

TPP Nikola Tesla А3-А6 2010-2014 24,000 Within the framework of major overhauls – replacement of mills and burners, financing sources are as follows:

1. EPS own funds 2. IPA Fund 3. SECO SWISS

TPP Nikola Tesla B1-B2 2012-2013 24,000

ТPP Kolubara А5 2014 4,000

ТPP Morava 2011-2015 4,000

ТPP Kolubara B1-B2 2010-2014 16,000

ТPP Kostolac А1-А2 2011-2012 12,000

ТPP Kostolac B1-B2 2011-2015 12,000


ACTION PLAN OF THE PUBLIC ENTERPRISE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION (ACTIVITIES AND MEASURES)

Period 2009–2015

ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA (thermal energy sector)




1. Reconstruction or replacement of the existing electrostatic precipitators at TPPs within EPS (ELV = 30 - 50 mg/Nm3) with installation of continuous flow and flue gas quality measurement

TPP Nikola Tesla A6 2010 6,000 IPA Fund

TPP Nikola Tesla A3 2010-2011 5,000 Financing sources are not determined, the possibilities are as follows:

1. EPS own funds 2. IPA Funds 3. Credits 4. National Investment Plan (NIP) 5. Environmental Protection Fund of the Republic of Serbia

TPP Nikola Tesla B1-B2 2010-2012 12,000 IPA Fund for unit B1 in 2012

TPP Nikola Tesla B3 2010-2014 10,000 During construction

TPP Kolubara А5 2008-2009 5,000 Environmental Protection Fund of the Republic of Serbia

TPP Kolubara B1-B2 2010-2014 10,000 During construction

ТPP Kostolac B1-B2 2009-2012 10,000 During construction of flue gas desulphurization system (Environmental Protection Fund of the Republic of Serbia + credit/IPA)

ТPP Morava 2010-2011 4,000 Environmental Protection Fund of the Republic of Serbia /IPA




2. Application of primary measures for reduction of NO

x emission

(ELV = 200 mg/Nm3)

TPP Nikola Tesla А3-А6 2010-2014 24,000 Within the framework of major overhauls – replacement of mills and burners, financing sources are as follows:

1. EPS own funds 2. IPA Fund 3. SECO SWISS

TPP Nikola Tesla B1-B2 2012-2013 24,000

ТPP Kolubara А5 2014 4,000

ТPP Morava 2011-2015 4,000

ТPP Kolubara B1-B2 2010-2014 16,000

ТPP Kostolac А1-А2 2011-2012 12,000

ТPP Kostolac B1-B2 2011-2015 12,000





3. Erection of flue gas desulphurization plant (ELV =200/400 mg/Nm3)

ТPP Kostolac B1-B2 2009-2012 126,000 Environmental Protection Fund of the Republic of Serbia

TPP Nikola Tesla B1-B2 2011-2014 210,000 IPA Fund

TPP Nikola Tesla B3 2010-2014 120,000 During construction / Strategic partner

TPP Nikola Tesla А3-А6 2013-2017 200,000 Financing sources are not determined, the possibilities are as follows:

1. EPS own funds 2. IPA Funds 3. Credits 4. National Investment Plan (NIP) 5. Grants

ТPP Kolubara B1 and B2 2010-2014 120,000 During construction / Strategic partner

4. Introducing of new technology for ash and slag transport and disposal

TPP Nikola Tesla А 2010-2013 40,000 Financing sources are not determined, the possibilities are as follows:

1. EPS own funds 2. IPA Fund 3. Credits 4. National Investment Plan (NIP) 5. Grants

ТPP Kolubara А5 2008-2009 8,000 Environmental Protection Fund of the Republic of Serbia /EPS

TOTAL 996,400

WATER PROTECTION 2006-2010


(x 1000 euro)

1. Studies: Waste water balance of TPPs and CHPs within EPS TPP Nikola Tesla А in progress50

TPP Nikola Tesla B in progress

2. Construction of plants for oily waste water treatment ТPP Kostolac B 2006–2007 500

TPP Nikola Tesla А2009-2011 2,000

TPP Nikola Tesla B

3. Construction of plants for waste water treatment MB Kolubara 2007-2008 1,500

4. Survey programme

Survey of cross-profiles of Danube, Sava, Tisza and tributaries. Renewal of piesometer network in the coastal part, route measurements with testing of quality of water, biological mud and sediment (once a year), anti-erosion and flood protection, solving of the issue of floating islands, preparation of pollutant register, etc.

HPP Djerdap 1 and 2

HPP Pirot, HPPs Vlasinske

HPPs Vrla 1, Vrla 2,

PAP Lisina

HPP and RHPP Bajina Basta,

HPP Zvornik and HPP Elektromorava (HPP Medjuvrsje and HPP Ovcar Banja).

2007-2012 6,500

TOTAL 11,500* Breakdown of investments related to the waste is given without solving the issue of ash and slag disposals, as well as gypsum disposals.


WASTE 2006-2010


(x 1000 euro)

1. preparation of the basic documents and mechanisms for waste management

• preparation of waste register

• preparation of the information system for waste management

• bringing into compliance with JUS - ISO 14000

• further activities on recycling and valorization of waste into secondary raw material:

- ash and slag

- ion resins,

- glass and mineral wool

- waste oils

- accumulators and batteries

products of the future technologies (desulphurization, denitrification, waste-sediment produced during the process of waste water cleaning etc.)

EPS facilities 2006-2010 7,000.0

2. Solving of the problem of electrical devices filled with RSV oils in the PE EPS (pyralene oil) IPA

EPS facilities 2010-2011 6,000,000

MONITORING 2007-2010


(x 1000 euro)

1. Continuous monitoring of gas and particulate matter emission in flue gases TPP Nikola Tesla А

2008-2009

2,200.0TPP Nikola Tesla B

ТPP Kostolac B 900.0

CHP Novi Sad 200.0

CHP Zrenjanin 100.0

CHP Sremska Mitrovica 50.0

2. Modernization of the monitoring and control system (EPS SECO SWISS) TPP Nikola Tesla B 2009-2012 28,000.0

TOTAL 31,350.0


ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FOR PE EPS MINES 2006 -2015

№ Activity Subject Period Fund Є Comment

1Sc

ient

ific r

esea

rch

(SR)

and

inve

stm

ent-t

echn

ical d

ocum

enta

tion

(IT)

Study of global perceiving of the implemented solutions in recultivation of the open pits of Kolubara and Kostolac Basin, with the possible directions of further development

2008 -2009 149,500 EPS funds SR

2 Introduction of a selective soil excavation and disposal on EPS open pits - I phase 2008 -2009 437,500 EPS funds IT

3 Study of defining of final limits for the open pit ''Тamnava-East'' after the end of coal exploitation with the purpose of recultivation

2007 - 2008 87,500 EPS funds SR

4 Recultivation and revitalization of the area of the OP Klenovik, TPP Kostolac, for the purposes of open pit shut down (Basic design for shut down of the open pit “Klenovik” with feasibility study and environmental impact assessment)

2008 - 2011 168,500 EPS funds IT

5 Recultivation and revitalization of the area of the OP Cirikovac, TPP Kostolac, for the purposes of open pit shut down (Basic design for shut down of the open pit “Cirikovac” with feasibility study and environmental impact assessment)

2009 - 2011 168,500 EPS funds IT

6 Preparation of the register of soil pollutants in the Kolubara region (under the influence of EPS facilities) - I phase

2008 - 2009 225,000 EPS funds SR

7 Technical and economic analysis of use of coal dust and organic fertilizers in the procedures of EPS ash and slag disposal recultivation, II phase – for TPP Kostolac

2007 - 2008 97,500 EPS funds IT

8 Preparation of the register of soil pollutants in the Kostolac region (under the influence of EPS facilities) - II phase

2011- 2012 225,000 EPS funds SR

9 Preparation of plan bases (agricultural and forest) in the mine basins 2008 - 2012 310,000 EPS funds IT

10 Study of soil quality control 2012 - 2015 125,000 EPS funds SR

11 Reionization of recultivated surfaces under the EPS influence, several phases 2009 - 2014 205,000 EPS funds SR

12 Study for optimization of the disposal technology for overburden and ash and slag in the available space of open pits

2008 - 2011 125,000 EPS funds SR

13 Preparation of the monitoring system for EPS soil 2010 - 2013 180,000 EPS funds SR

14 Introduction of the information system for recultivation, revitalization and spatial planning of exploitation fields of EPS mines - I phase

2010 - 2012 80,000 EPS funds IT

15 General design for the possibilities of use of return hot waters of thermal power plants 2008 - 2009 125,000 EPS funds SR

16 Remediation – pilot plant 2009 - 2015 2,000,000 EPS funds IT

17 Valorization of the waters from the pre-drainage and drainage system of the EPS open pits (supply of drinking water, industrial water and irrigation)

2012 - 2013 112,500 EPS funds SR

УКУПНО 4,822,000


ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FOR PE EPS MINES 2006 -2015


1

Scie

ntifi

c res

earc

h (S

R) an

d

inve

stm

ent-t

echn

ical d

ocum

enta

tion

(IT)

Study of global perceiving of the implemented solutions in recultivation of the open pits of Kolubara and Kostolac Basin, with the possible directions of further development

2008 -2009 149,500 EPS funds SR

2 Introduction of a selective soil excavation and disposal on EPS open pits - I phase 2008 -2009 437,500 EPS funds IT

3 Study of defining of final limits for the open pit ''Тamnava-East'' after the end of coal exploitation with the purpose of recultivation

2007 - 2008 87,500 EPS funds SR

4 Recultivation and revitalization of the area of the OP Klenovik, TPP Kostolac, for the purposes of open pit shut down (Basic design for shut down of the open pit “Klenovik” with feasibility study and environmental impact assessment)

2008 - 2011 168,500 EPS funds IT

5 Recultivation and revitalization of the area of the OP Cirikovac, TPP Kostolac, for the purposes of open pit shut down (Basic design for shut down of the open pit “Cirikovac” with feasibility study and environmental impact assessment)

2009 - 2011 168,500 EPS funds IT

6 Preparation of the register of soil pollutants in the Kolubara region (under the influence of EPS facilities) - I phase

2008 - 2009 225,000 EPS funds SR

7 Technical and economic analysis of use of coal dust and organic fertilizers in the procedures of EPS ash and slag disposal recultivation, II phase – for TPP Kostolac

2007 - 2008 97,500 EPS funds IT

8 Preparation of the register of soil pollutants in the Kostolac region (under the influence of EPS facilities) - II phase

2011- 2012 225,000 EPS funds SR

9 Preparation of plan bases (agricultural and forest) in the mine basins 2008 - 2012 310,000 EPS funds IT

10 Study of soil quality control 2012 - 2015 125,000 EPS funds SR

11 Reionization of recultivated surfaces under the EPS influence, several phases 2009 - 2014 205,000 EPS funds SR

12 Study for optimization of the disposal technology for overburden and ash and slag in the available space of open pits

2008 - 2011 125,000 EPS funds SR

13 Preparation of the monitoring system for EPS soil 2010 - 2013 180,000 EPS funds SR

14 Introduction of the information system for recultivation, revitalization and spatial planning of exploitation fields of EPS mines - I phase

2010 - 2012 80,000 EPS funds IT

15 General design for the possibilities of use of return hot waters of thermal power plants 2008 - 2009 125,000 EPS funds SR

16 Remediation – pilot plant 2009 - 2015 2,000,000 EPS funds IT

17 Valorization of the waters from the pre-drainage and drainage system of the EPS open pits (supply of drinking water, industrial water and irrigation)

2012 - 2013 112,500 EPS funds SR

УКУПНО 4,822,000


ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FOR PE EPS MINES - Mining Basin “Kolubara” 2006 -2012


1m

ainte

nanc

e of t

he

inve

stmen

t

Organization of green surfaces on 34,5 ha 2007-2012 814,818

2 Basic design for organization of recultivated surfaces within the Field D as a part of protection area within the design

2008-2010 8,025

3 General design for organization of recultivated surfaces within the Field D as a part of protection area within the design

2009-2010 16,049

4 Basic design for organization of aquifer ecosystems of the areas as wholes 2008–2009 7,407

5 General design for organization of aquifer ecosystems of the areas as wholes 2009-2010 20,370

6 Agrotechnical maintenance of the experimental and exploitation fruit garden of 15,5 ha, as well as preparation of the design for filling of the fruit garden, General Design

2007-2012 88,890

7 Production on farming surfaces and preparation of the design for introducing of new cultures 2007-2012 185,184

8 Forestry activities within the framework of forestry financial planning 2007-2012 740,742

9 Primary technical recultivation 2007-2012 888,888

10 Secondary technical recultivation on 60 ha 2007-2012 962,964

11 Construction of access roads around recultivated surfaces in the length of 1500m and width of 4m 2007-2010 88,888

12 Control of waste water quality on open pits and analysis of quality of waste, ground and river waters 2007-2012 74,076

13 Control of drinking water quality 2007-2012 148,146


15 Control of ionizing radiation sources 2007-2012 59,262

16 Control of air quality – measurement of emission and immission in the impact area of “Open pits” 2007-2012 370,374

17 Control of soil quality in the impact area of “Open pits” 2007-2012 37,038

18 Control of soil quality: Preparation of the Study with laboratory tests. Remedy of polluted soil - Basic Design, performance of works

2007-2012 74,076

19 Continuous air quality control - measurements of emission and immission in the impact area of “Kolubara Prerada”

2008–2012 481,482

20 Control of operation efficiency of the waste water treatment plant - analysis of quality of waste, treated, river and ground waters

2009-2012 44,442

21 Design for using of mud generated in the process of waste water treatment of the plant “Prerada” as an organic mineral fertilizer in the process of recultivation of CB “Kolubara”. General Design - Performance of works

2008 55,556

22 Basic design for aforresting of rapidly-growing cultures 2007 2,469

23 General design for aforresting of rapidly-growing cultures 2008 4,321

24 Aforresting of rapidly-growing cultures - Performance of works 2009-2012 49,383

25 Basic design for construction of wind shield zones in the impact area of mining machines in the vicinity of settlements

2007 1,852

26 General design for construction of wind shield zones in the impact area of mining machines in the vicinity of settlements

2008 3,704

27 Performance of works on for construction of wind shield zones in the impact area of mining machines in the vicinity of settlements

2009-2012 18,519




1

main

tena

nce o

f the

inve

stmen

t

Organization of green surfaces on 34,5 ha 2007-2012 814,818

2 Basic design for organization of recultivated surfaces within the Field D as a part of protection area within the design

2008-2010 8,025

3 General design for organization of recultivated surfaces within the Field D as a part of protection area within the design

2009-2010 16,049

4 Basic design for organization of aquifer ecosystems of the areas as wholes 2008–2009 7,407

5 General design for organization of aquifer ecosystems of the areas as wholes 2009-2010 20,370

6 Agrotechnical maintenance of the experimental and exploitation fruit garden of 15,5 ha, as well as preparation of the design for filling of the fruit garden, General Design

2007-2012 88,890

7 Production on farming surfaces and preparation of the design for introducing of new cultures 2007-2012 185,184

8 Forestry activities within the framework of forestry financial planning 2007-2012 740,742

9 Primary technical recultivation 2007-2012 888,888

10 Secondary technical recultivation on 60 ha 2007-2012 962,964

11 Construction of access roads around recultivated surfaces in the length of 1500m and width of 4m 2007-2010 88,888

12 Control of waste water quality on open pits and analysis of quality of waste, ground and river waters 2007-2012 74,076



15 Control of ionizing radiation sources 2007-2012 59,262

16 Control of air quality – measurement of emission and immission in the impact area of “Open pits” 2007-2012 370,374

17 Control of soil quality in the impact area of “Open pits” 2007-2012 37,038

18 Control of soil quality: Preparation of the Study with laboratory tests. Remedy of polluted soil - Basic Design, performance of works

2007-2012 74,076

19 Continuous air quality control - measurements of emission and immission in the impact area of “Kolubara Prerada”

2008–2012 481,482

20 Control of operation efficiency of the waste water treatment plant - analysis of quality of waste, treated, river and ground waters

2009-2012 44,442

21 Design for using of mud generated in the process of waste water treatment of the plant “Prerada” as an organic mineral fertilizer in the process of recultivation of CB “Kolubara”. General Design - Performance of works

2008 55,556

22 Basic design for aforresting of rapidly-growing cultures 2007 2,469

23 General design for aforresting of rapidly-growing cultures 2008 4,321

24 Aforresting of rapidly-growing cultures - Performance of works 2009-2012 49,383

25 Basic design for construction of wind shield zones in the impact area of mining machines in the vicinity of settlements

2007 1,852

26 General design for construction of wind shield zones in the impact area of mining machines in the vicinity of settlements

2008 3,704

27 Performance of works on for construction of wind shield zones in the impact area of mining machines in the vicinity of settlements

2009-2012 18,519




28m

ainte

nanc

e of t

he

inve

stmen

t

Design for sanitary waste water treatment at “Kopovi” site. General design. Execution 2008 49,383

29 Analysis on possibilities of use of forest biomass for briquetting, heating and construction material 2008 4,321

30 Mobile laboratory for monitoring of environment, non-ionizing radiation and underground installations 2008-2012 1,049,383

31 General Design for the plant for producing of organic fertilizers from sedimented materials. Processing - Execution

2008-2012 290,125

32 Study for valorization of rare metals from ash on the basis of methods for enrichment of mineral resources and remediation

2008-2012 80,245

33 Study of the possibilities for growing and use of medical herbs 2008-2012 133,332


2007-2012 96,294

35 Study of possibilities for producing of biodiesel by growing of rape and soy bean 2007–2008 133,332

36 General Design for degradation of odour pollutants from the drying plant with execution 2008-2009 870,370

37 Preparation of the General Design for water protection and improvement of waste water treatment at “Kolubara Prerada”, execution

2008 555,556

38 Remedy of the existing devices for sanitary water treatment – Biodisk and Putox 2007-2012 24,961

39 Accidents from environmental aspect at “Kolubara Prerada”-Vreoci 2008 49,383

40 Design for mini-jet system on the wagons for dry coal and coal for TENT 2008 49,383

41 Implementation of Environmental Action Plan for the area of the open pit “Tamnava-West Field” of the Mining Basin Kolubara

2009 8,000,000

TOTAL 16,854,945




28

main

tena

nce o

f the

inve

stmen

t

Design for sanitary waste water treatment at “Kopovi” site. General design. Execution 2008 49,383

29 Analysis on possibilities of use of forest biomass for briquetting, heating and construction material 2008 4,321

30 Mobile laboratory for monitoring of environment, non-ionizing radiation and underground installations 2008-2012 1,049,383

31 General Design for the plant for producing of organic fertilizers from sedimented materials. Processing - Execution

2008-2012 290,125


2008-2012 80,245

33 Study of the possibilities for growing and use of medical herbs 2008-2012 133,332


2007-2012 96,294

35 Study of possibilities for producing of biodiesel by growing of rape and soy bean 2007–2008 133,332

36 General Design for degradation of odour pollutants from the drying plant with execution 2008-2009 870,370

37 Preparation of the General Design for water protection and improvement of waste water treatment at “Kolubara Prerada”, execution

2008 555,556

38 Remedy of the existing devices for sanitary water treatment – Biodisk and Putox 2007-2012 24,961

39 Accidents from environmental aspect at “Kolubara Prerada”-Vreoci 2008 49,383

40 Design for mini-jet system on the wagons for dry coal and coal for TENT 2008 49,383

41 Implementation of Environmental Action Plan for the area of the open pit “Tamnava-West Field” of the Mining Basin Kolubara

2009 8,000,000

TOTAL 16,854,945


ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FOR PE EPS MINES - Mining Basin “Kostolac” 2006-2012


1m

ainte

nanc

e of t

he

inve

stmen

t

Preparation of the technical documentation 2007-2011 117,647

2 Monitoring of environmental impact of the company 2007-2012 152,940

Recultivation activities - OP Klenovnik

3 Agrobiological recultivation of the internal disposal (10+10+10 ha) 2008-2010 282,354

Technical and biological recultivation of dikes (10 ha) 2012 164,706

4 Implementation of the investment plan for environmental protection related to shut down of the open pit “Klenovnik” of the Kostolac Mining Basin

2008-2012 40,000,000

Recultivation activities - OP Cirikovac 552,941

5 Technical and biological recultivation of disposal dike slopes (15+20 ha) 2011-2012 788,235

6 Technical and biological recultivation of the external disposal “Mlava – Mogila” (15+30+15+ 15ha) 2009-2010 329,412

7 Technical and biological recultivation of the external disposal (15 ha) 2008-2010 317,647

Technical and biological recultivation of the internal disposal (10+10+15+ 15 ha) 2009 235,294

8 Biological recultivation of the internal disposal slopes (15 ha) 2009 235,294

9 Implementation of the investment plan for environmental protection related to shut down of the open pit “Cirikovac”

2009-2013 130,000,000

10 Construction of ash and slag disposal TPP Kostolac B within the available surface of the open pit “Cirikovac” 2009 15,000,000

Recultivation activities - OP Drmno

11 Technical and biological recultivation of the internal disposal (15+15+15+ 15 ha) 2007-2012 882,353

12 Drainage of the open pits Drmno – Kostolac Basin and Field B – Kolubara Basin 2008-2010 30,000,000

13 Technical and biological recultivation of the external disposal (20+20+ 20+ 20 ha) 2008-2012 1,505,884

14 Biological recultivation of the internal disposal slopes (15+ 10 ha) 2007-2012 147,059

TOTAL 220,194,118


ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FOR PE EPS MINES - Mining Basin “Kostolac” 2006-2012


1

main

tena

nce o

f the

inve

stmen

t

Preparation of the technical documentation 2007-2011 117,647

2 Monitoring of environmental impact of the company 2007-2012 152,940

Recultivation activities - OP Klenovnik

3 Agrobiological recultivation of the internal disposal (10+10+10 ha) 2008-2010 282,354

Technical and biological recultivation of dikes (10 ha) 2012 164,706

4 Implementation of the investment plan for environmental protection related to shut down of the open pit “Klenovnik” of the Kostolac Mining Basin

2008-2012 40,000,000

Recultivation activities - OP Cirikovac 552,941

5 Technical and biological recultivation of disposal dike slopes (15+20 ha) 2011-2012 788,235

6 Technical and biological recultivation of the external disposal “Mlava – Mogila” (15+30+15+ 15ha) 2009-2010 329,412

7 Technical and biological recultivation of the external disposal (15 ha) 2008-2010 317,647

Technical and biological recultivation of the internal disposal (10+10+15+ 15 ha) 2009 235,294

8 Biological recultivation of the internal disposal slopes (15 ha) 2009 235,294

9 Implementation of the investment plan for environmental protection related to shut down of the open pit “Cirikovac”

2009-2013 130,000,000

10 Construction of ash and slag disposal TPP Kostolac B within the available surface of the open pit “Cirikovac” 2009 15,000,000

Recultivation activities - OP Drmno

11 Technical and biological recultivation of the internal disposal (15+15+15+ 15 ha) 2007-2012 882,353

12 Drainage of the open pits Drmno – Kostolac Basin and Field B – Kolubara Basin 2008-2010 30,000,000

13 Technical and biological recultivation of the external disposal (20+20+ 20+ 20 ha) 2008-2012 1,505,884

14 Biological recultivation of the internal disposal slopes (15+ 10 ha) 2007-2012 147,059

TOTAL 220,194,118


The most important environmental protection projects and implemented funds 2002–2007

AIR PROTECTION 2002 -2009. INVESTED FUNDS

Thermal Power Plant Electrostatic precipitator, unit Year of reconstruction or replacement Funds (x 1000 euro) Comment

TPP Nikola Tesla А

А5 2004 5,000 EAR grant

А2 2005 5,000 EPS funds / Ministry of science and environmental protection of the Republic of Serbia

А1 2006 5,000 EPS funds

А4 2007 5,000 EPS funds / Environmental Fund of the Republic of Serbia

ТPP Kolubara А А5 2008-2009 5,000 Environmental Protection Fund of RS

ТPP Kostolac АА1 2005 5,000 EAR grant

A2 2006 5,000 EAR grant

TOTAL 35,000

SOIL PROTECTION 2002-2007

Introducing of new technology for ash and slag transport and disposal Invested funds

Thermal Power Plant

Year of reconstruction or replacement

Funds

(x 1000 euro)Comment

ТPP Nikola Tesla B 2007-2009 27,000 EAR grant

ТPP Kolubara А 2008-2009 10,000 Environmental Protection Fund of RS

ТPP Kostolac А 2008-2010 13,000 KfW credit

ТPP Kostolac B 2007-2009 23,000 EBRD credit

TOTAL 73,000

MONITORING 2002-2008. CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF GAS AND PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSION IN FLUE GASES

Thermal Power Plant


Funds


ТPP Nikola Tesla A

2002-2007

500.0

EPS fundsТPP Kostolac А390.0

ТPP Kostolac B

TOTAL 890.0


The most important environmental protection projects and implemented funds 2002–2007

AIR PROTECTION 2002 -2009. INVESTED FUNDS

Thermal Power Plant Electrostatic precipitator, unit Year of reconstruction or replacement Funds (x 1000 euro) Comment

TPP Nikola Tesla А

А5 2004 5,000 EAR grant

А2 2005 5,000 EPS funds / Ministry of science and environmental protection of the Republic of Serbia

А1 2006 5,000 EPS funds

А4 2007 5,000 EPS funds / Environmental Fund of the Republic of Serbia

ТPP Kolubara А А5 2008-2009 5,000 Environmental Protection Fund of RS

ТPP Kostolac АА1 2005 5,000 EAR grant

A2 2006 5,000 EAR grant

TOTAL 35,000

SOIL PROTECTION 2002-2007

Introducing of new technology for ash and slag transport and disposal Invested funds

Thermal Power Plant


Funds


ТPP Nikola Tesla B 2007-2009 27,000 EAR grant

ТPP Kolubara А 2008-2009 10,000 Environmental Protection Fund of RS

ТPP Kostolac А 2008-2010 13,000 KfW credit

ТPP Kostolac B 2007-2009 23,000 EBRD credit

TOTAL 73,000

MONITORING 2002-2008. CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF GAS AND PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSION IN FLUE GASES

Thermal Power Plant


Funds


ТPP Nikola Tesla A

2002-2007

500.0

EPS fundsТPP Kostolac А390.0

ТPP Kostolac B

TOTAL 890.0

ANNEX III


ACTION PLAN OF THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGES (ACTIVITIES AND MEASURES)

INTERSECTOR COMMON QUESTIONS

№ Activity/measure Institution for implementation Implementation time Comment1. Initiating and implementation of projects for preparation of national

reports and other projects with the financial support of GEF and other financial mechanisms

Responsible ministries and other authorities directly involved in the implementation of UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol with the Electric Power Industry of Serbia.

Mid-term and long-term Basis for implementation of the Framework Strategy of Serbia and fulfillment of the requirements from UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol

2. Training of personnel for preparation of the design documentation in the area of climate changes

Short-term and mid-term

3. Preparation and implementation of the development programmes of key institutions which are directly dealing with the activities in the area of climate changes

Mid-term

4. Initiating of Serbia involvement in SMALL GRANT Programme of GEF Short-term5. Establishing of forum for discussing the issues in the area of climate

changes (taking part in European and global forum network)Short-term

6. Preparation and implementation of mid-term programme for implementation of Convention

Mid-term

7 Preparation of inventory of greenhouse gases - GHG. Ministry responsible for environmental protection in the Republic of Serbia , Ministry of energy and mining, R. of Serbia; with participation of Electric Power Industry of Serbia

Short-term and long-term Fulfillment of responsibilities in accordance with UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol and evaluation of the possibility for participation in flexible mechanisms of Kyoto Protocol

8 Application of the latest scientific and technological achievements in the energy sector to the existing and new generating, processing and transmission capacities, rational use of energy and increasing of energy efficiency, using of renewable energy sources

Electric Power Industry of Serbia and EMS Long-term Reducing of air pollution in local, regional and global proportions and optimization of consumption of fossil fuel reserves

9 Preparation of educational programme and propagation of significance of sustainable development strategy from the aspect of environmental protection through activities which would involve all experts dealing with the issues of energy sector development

Ministry responsible for environmental protection in the Republic of Serbia , Ministry of energy and mining, R. of SerbiaEnergy Agency (AERS), Agency for energy efficiency, mines, Electric Power Industry of Serbia, Petroleum Industry of serbia (NIS), Union of heating plants

Short-term and mid-term Personnel strengthening of institutions in the energy sector from the aspect of climate protection and fulfillment of accepted international responsibilities

10. Implementation of revitalization programme for all obsolete energy generation capacities in accordance with their initial technical properties with the possibility of improvement of technical and operation parameters

Responsible Ministry and public enterprises from the energy sector

Mid-term and long-term Reduction of GHG emission and reduction of other pollutants

11. Bringing into functional state and improvement of the existing systems for protection for reducing of emissions of hazardous substances from the existing thermal power capacities

Electric Power Industry of Serbia Mid-term and long-term Air and climate protection

12. Indirect influence on reduction of emission of hazardous substances into atmosphere though activities on rationalization of energy consumption, i.e. increasing of energy efficiency of households by bringing the electricity and heat price to the economic level and establishing of realistic price parities for base fuels, improving of the existing central heating system and further development of this system, development of gas line network which will enable substitution of electricity use, stimulating of use of more efficient devices in households

Government of the Republic of Serbia; Ministry of energy and mining, R. of Serbia and Electric Power Industry of Serbia


13. Reduction of losses in transmission and distribution, in the first line of electrical and thermal power

Government of the Republic of Serbia; Ministry of energy and mining, R. of Serbia, Electric Power Industry of Serbia and Serbian Power Transmission Company (EMS)

Long-term Reduction of GHG emission and reduction of other pollutants; air and climate protection

14. Conducting of all-inclusive research on development of renewable energy sources Exploring of hydroelectric potential, energy potential of sun and wind and geothermal energy

Responsible ministries and Electric Power Industry of Serbia, Hidro-meteorological Institute of Serbia (RHMZ)

Mid-term and long-term Intensifying of use of sustainable energy sources; Reduction of GHG emission; air and climate protection

15. Conducting of research on influence of mines, coal storages and disposals and coal processing plant on environmental pollution and especially on emission of greenhouse gases

Responsible ministries, PE PEU (Underground coal exploitation), Companies for exploitation of coal, Electric Power Industry of Serbia and respective scientific research institutions!

Reduction of GHG emission and reduction of other pollutants; air and climate protection

16. Application of Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) technology in the thermal power plants of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia

Responsible ministries, Electric Power Industry of Serbia and respective scientific research institutions!

Short-term Reduction of GHG emission and reduction of other pollutants; air and climate protection

Comment: implementation time - Short-term 2009-2011; Mid-term 2012-2015


ACTION PLAN OF THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY OF SERBIA FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGES (ACTIVITIES AND MEASURES)

INTERSECTOR COMMON QUESTIONS

№ Activity/measure Institution for implementation Implementation time Comment1. Initiating and implementation of projects for preparation of national

reports and other projects with the financial support of GEF and other financial mechanisms

Responsible ministries and other authorities directly involved in the implementation of UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol with the Electric Power Industry of Serbia.

Mid-term and long-term Basis for implementation of the Framework Strategy of Serbia and fulfillment of the requirements from UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol

2. Training of personnel for preparation of the design documentation in the area of climate changes

Short-term and mid-term

3. Preparation and implementation of the development programmes of key institutions which are directly dealing with the activities in the area of climate changes

Mid-term

4. Initiating of Serbia involvement in SMALL GRANT Programme of GEF Short-term5. Establishing of forum for discussing the issues in the area of climate

changes (taking part in European and global forum network)Short-term

6. Preparation and implementation of mid-term programme for implementation of Convention

Mid-term

7 Preparation of inventory of greenhouse gases - GHG. Ministry responsible for environmental protection in the Republic of Serbia , Ministry of energy and mining, R. of Serbia; with participation of Electric Power Industry of Serbia

Short-term and long-term Fulfillment of responsibilities in accordance with UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol and evaluation of the possibility for participation in flexible mechanisms of Kyoto Protocol

8 Application of the latest scientific and technological achievements in the energy sector to the existing and new generating, processing and transmission capacities, rational use of energy and increasing of energy efficiency, using of renewable energy sources

Electric Power Industry of Serbia and EMS Long-term Reducing of air pollution in local, regional and global proportions and optimization of consumption of fossil fuel reserves

9 Preparation of educational programme and propagation of significance of sustainable development strategy from the aspect of environmental protection through activities which would involve all experts dealing with the issues of energy sector development

Ministry responsible for environmental protection in the Republic of Serbia , Ministry of energy and mining, R. of SerbiaEnergy Agency (AERS), Agency for energy efficiency, mines, Electric Power Industry of Serbia, Petroleum Industry of serbia (NIS), Union of heating plants

Short-term and mid-term Personnel strengthening of institutions in the energy sector from the aspect of climate protection and fulfillment of accepted international responsibilities

10. Implementation of revitalization programme for all obsolete energy generation capacities in accordance with their initial technical properties with the possibility of improvement of technical and operation parameters

Responsible Ministry and public enterprises from the energy sector


11. Bringing into functional state and improvement of the existing systems for protection for reducing of emissions of hazardous substances from the existing thermal power capacities

Electric Power Industry of Serbia Mid-term and long-term Air and climate protection

12. Indirect influence on reduction of emission of hazardous substances into atmosphere though activities on rationalization of energy consumption, i.e. increasing of energy efficiency of households by bringing the electricity and heat price to the economic level and establishing of realistic price parities for base fuels, improving of the existing central heating system and further development of this system, development of gas line network which will enable substitution of electricity use, stimulating of use of more efficient devices in households

Government of the Republic of Serbia; Ministry of energy and mining, R. of Serbia and Electric Power Industry of Serbia


13. Reduction of losses in transmission and distribution, in the first line of electrical and thermal power

Government of the Republic of Serbia; Ministry of energy and mining, R. of Serbia, Electric Power Industry of Serbia and Serbian Power Transmission Company (EMS)

Long-term Reduction of GHG emission and reduction of other pollutants; air and climate protection

14. Conducting of all-inclusive research on development of renewable energy sources Exploring of hydroelectric potential, energy potential of sun and wind and geothermal energy

Responsible ministries and Electric Power Industry of Serbia, Hidro-meteorological Institute of Serbia (RHMZ)

Mid-term and long-term Intensifying of use of sustainable energy sources; Reduction of GHG emission; air and climate protection

15. Conducting of research on influence of mines, coal storages and disposals and coal processing plant on environmental pollution and especially on emission of greenhouse gases

Responsible ministries, PE PEU (Underground coal exploitation), Companies for exploitation of coal, Electric Power Industry of Serbia and respective scientific research institutions!

Reduction of GHG emission and reduction of other pollutants; air and climate protection

16. Application of Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) technology in the thermal power plants of the Electric Power Industry of Serbia

Responsible ministries, Electric Power Industry of Serbia and respective scientific research institutions!

Short-term Reduction of GHG emission and reduction of other pollutants; air and climate protection

ANNEX IV


Project proposals *

1. TPP NIKOLA TESLA B (UNIT B1 - B2) - FLY GASES DENITRIFICATION

2. TPP KOSTOLAC B (UNIT B1 - B2) - FLY GASES DENITRIFICATION

3. TPP NIKOLA TESLA A (UNIT A3 - A6) - FLUE GAS DESULPHURISATION PLANT

4. TPP NIKOLA TESLA B (UNIT B1 – B2) - FLUE GAS DESULPHURISATION PLANT

5. TPP NIKOLA TESLA A - RECONSTRUCTION OF ASH AND SLAG HANDLING SYSTEM

6. TPP MORAVA SVILAJNAC - ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR

* available on CD

ABBREVIATIONS

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

LIST OF TABLES


ABBREVIATIONS

BAT best available techniques

BoD Board of directors

CDM Clean Development Мechanism

CER Certified Emission Reduction

CHP combined heat and power plant

DG Environment European Commission Directorate-General for the Environment

DG Тren European Commission Directorate-General for Energy and Transport

DNA Designated National Authority

EA Economic Association

EAR European Agency for Reconstruction

ELV emission limit value

EMS Environmental Management System - ISO 14001

EMS Elektromreža Srbije/Serbian Power Transmission Company

EPS Electric Power Industry of Serbia

ERU Emission Reduction Unit

EU European Union

FGD Flue Gas Desulphurization

GDP gross domestic product

GEF Global Environment Facility

GHG greenhouse gases

ICPDR International Commision for Protection of Danube River

IPA Instrument of pre-accession assistance

IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

IPPC Integral Prevention Polution Control

JI Joint Implementation

KP Kyoto Protocol

MIPD Multiannual Indicative Planning Document - MIPD

NEAP National Environmental Action Plan

NEPP National Environmental Protection Programme

OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development

OPM Open Pit Mine

PCB polychlorinated biphenyls

PE Public Enterprise

PIESC Plan for implementation of energy sector strategies

PM particulate matter

SEE South-eastern Europe

TPP Thermal power plant

UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

UNEP United Nations Environment Programme

UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

WMO World Meteorological Organization


GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Accident sudden and uncontrolled event or sequence of events, which occurs due to uncontrolled release, pouring or dissipation of hazardous substances during manufacture, exchange, use, transportation, processing, storaging, disposal or long lasting inadequate storaging. This term does not include the following: military plants; nuclear accidents; genetically modified organisms; transport of hazardous substances by pipelines, including pumping stations; accidents during survey and exploitation of mineral resources; damaging of dams, with the exception of the consequences of industrial accidents caused by such damage.

Acquis communitaire

legal achievement of the EU which comprises (in addition to the founding contracts) over 20,000 regulations from the secondary legislation and 4,000 court sentences;

Best available techniques

represent the most efficient and the most advanced phases in the development of certain activities and the method of their performance which enables more favorable application of certain techniques for complying with the emission limit values which were designed so as to prevent or, if not feasible, to reduce the emissions and environmental impact;

Economic instruments

category of instruments which are intended to influence the behaviour of economic factors by application of financial incentives in order to improve the profitability of environmental protection and natural resources management;

Emission releasing of pollutants or energy from individual and/or diffuse sources into environment and its media;

Environmental capacity

capacity of the environment to admit a certain quantity of pollutants without disturbing the balance and causing of irreparable environmental damage;

Environmental quality

state of the environment expressed through physical, chemical, biological, aesthetic and other indicators;

Immission concentration of the pollutants and level of energy in the environment which expresses environmental quality;

Infrastructure for environmental protection

includes the plants and technologies for prevention of pollution or pollution treatment at the end of the process (waste water treatment plants, sanitary disposals, technologies for reduction of air pollution, traffic improvement etc.);

Pollutant Registry registry of systematized information and data on pollutants of environmental media with the data about their location, generation processes, properties, material balances on input and exit of raw material, semiproducts and products, treatment plants, waste and pollutant flows and places of their discharge, treatment and disposal;

Sanation, i.e. remediation

process of cleaning or using of other methods for removal of pollution from the location to the level which is safe for future use;


LIST OF TABLES

page

Table 1 Installed output of the thermal power plants (net output) in MW 15Table 2 Thermal power plant operating indicators 17Table 3 Coal generation in 2008 41Table 4 Electrical power generation in 2008 43Table 5 Emissions from the plants of the PE Electric Power Industry of Serbia 46Table 6 Hazardous substances – quantities 53Table 7 EA TPPs Nikola Tesla - Emission of hazardous substances – periodical measurements 55Table 8 EA TPPs Nikola Tesla - Emission of hazardous substances at annual level 58Table 9 EA TPPs Nikola Tesla - Water quantities 59Table 10 EA TPPs Nikola Tesla - List of waste 62Table 11 EA TPPs-OPMs Kostolac - Emission of hazardous substances 67Table 12 EA TPPs-OPMs Kostolac - Emission of hazardous substances at annual level 69Table 13 EA TPPs-OPMs Kostolac - Water quantities 69Table 14 EA TPPs-OPMs Kostolac - Waste 72Table 15 EA Pannonian CHP Plants - Emission of hazardous substances – periodical measurements 74Table 16 EA Pannonian CHP Plants - Emission of hazardous substances at annual level 76Table 17 EA Pannonian CHP Plants - Water 76Table 18 EA Pannonian CHP Plants - Waste 78

Annex ITable 1 General regulations and laws 109Table 2 Decrees 111

Table 3 Rule Books 112Table 4 Decisions 115Table 5 International Contracts regulating the environmental protection 116Table 6 EU legislation 118

Annex IITable 1 Air and soil protection 2009-2014 120Table 2 Air and soil protection 2006-2013 120

Table 3 Air and soil protection 2006-2017 122Table 4 Water protection 2006-2010 122Table 5 Waste 2006-2010 124Table 6 Monitoring 2007-2010 124Table 7 Environmental protection for PE EPS mines 2006 -2015 126Table 8 Environmental protection for PE EPS mines - Mining basin “Kolubara” 2006 -2012 128Table 9 Environmental protection for PE EPS mines - Mining basin “Kostolac” 2006-2012 132Table 10 Air protection 2002 -2009. Invested funds 134Table 11 Soil protection 2002-2007 134

Table 12 Monitoring 2002-2008. Continuous measurement of gas and particulate matter emission in flue gases 134

Annex IIITable 1 Intersector common questions 138

ABOUT AUTHORS


Name Mihajlo Gavric

E-mail [email protected]

Date of birth 12th September1950

WORK EXPERIENCE

• Dates (from – to) 2004 - today

• Name and address of employer Electric Power Industry of Serbia, 412 Vojvode Stepe St, Belgrade, Serbia

• Type of business or sector Head Department for Strategy and Investments, Sector for Environmental Protection

• Occupation or position held Director of Sector for Environmental Protection

• Main activities and responsibilities Environmental Management for whole Electric Power Industry of Serbia

• Dates (from – to) 2002 - 2004

• Name and address of employer Ministry for protection of natural Resources and Environment of Republic of Serbia, 91 Dr Ivana Ribara St, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro

• Type of business or sector State environmental policy other issues related to responsibilities of the Ministry for protection of natural Resources and Environment of Republic of Serbia

• Occupation or position held Deputy Minister

• Main activities and responsibilities All environmental issues

• Dates (from – to) 2001-2002

• Name and address of employer Republic hydrometeorological institute of Serbia Belgrade, 66 Kneza Višeslava St, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro

• Type of business or sector Environmental and Hydrology Sector and other issues related to responsibilities of the Republic hydrometeorological institute of Serbia

• Occupation or position held Deputy director

• Main activities and responsibilities Environmental and Hydrology Sector

• Dates (from – to) 2001

• Name and address of employer Federal hydrometeorological institute, 6 Birčaninova St, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro

• Type of business or sector Environmental and Hydrology Sector and other issues related to responsibilities of the Federal hydrometeorological institute of Yugoslavia

• Occupation or position held Assistant director

• Main activities and responsibilities Issues related to responsibilities of the Environmental and Hydrology Sector


• Dates (from – to) 1991-2000


• Type of business or sector Waterforecast department

• Occupation or position held Head of waterforecast department

• Main activities and responsibilities Issues related to responsibilities of the Waterforecast department on the Federal level

• Dates (from – to) 1984-1991


• Type of business or sector Hydrology Sector

• Occupation or position held Head of research group in waterforecast department

• Main activities and responsibilities Water Forecast, modeling etc.

• Dates (from – to) 1981-1984

• Name and address of employer Belgrade

• Type of business or sector Federal hydrometeorological institute

• Occupation or position held Research specialist, group in waterforecast department

• Main activities and responsibilities Water Forecast, modeling etc

EDUCATION AND TRAINING

• Dates (from – to) April –May 1994

• Name and type of organisation providing education and training

Ministry for foregn affers and Ministry of agriculture of Israel and World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

• Principal subjects/occupational skills covered

3rd International Post Graduate Course in Hydrometeorology, Tel Aviv , Israel

• Title of qualification awarded Specialist in Hydrometeorology -International expert

• Level in national classification (if appropriate)

VII


Professional experience record

Country Date

HOMS Program - 3 two national component (WMO) 1985-1995

Danube Commision, Budapest (National activities in part of waterforecasting on the Danube river)

1985 -2000

DBAM (Danube Basin Alarm Model- Yugoslav part) - ICPDR (International Commission for Protection Danube River)

1996

WHYCOS (MEDHYCOS, DANUBE HYCOS) 1997

Long-range program intended specially for monitoring water quality of the Danube and it's tributaries, including itinerary research

1998

BTF National Report for water 1999

BTF - FR Yugoslavia The consequences of NATO bombing for the environment in Yugoslavia

2000

ICPDR - JDS (Joint Danube Syrway) 2001

ICPDR - JDS (Joint Tisa Syrway) 2001

ICPDR – MLIM Member of Expert group 2001

Development of national Environmental Information System for Serbia - REReP project- National Report for Serbia

2001

Report on State of the Environnment in 2000 and priorities in 2001 for Serbia 2001

Low on the Environmental Protection 2001

Co-operation for the Protection and Sustainable Use of the River Danube - Ratification Low for Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

2002

Environmental performance review of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia - UNCC 2002

Long-range program intended specially for monitoring water quality of the Sava and it's tributaries, including itinerary research

2002

Long-range program intended specially for monitoring water quality of the Tisa and it's tributaries, including itinerary research

2002

Development of Environmental Legislation in Serbia and Montenegro (Finish Project) - Project Manager

2002-2003

Development of Environmental Legislation in Serbia and Montenegro - IPPC (Integrated Pollution and Prevention and Control)

2002-2003

Development of Environmental Legislation in Serbia and Montenegro - EIA (Environmental Impact Assesment)

2002-2003

Development of Environmental Legislation in Serbia and Montenegro - SIA (Strategic Impact Assesment)

2002-2003

Development of Environmental Legislation in Serbia and Montenegro - risk assessment 2002-2003

Report on State of the Environnment in 2002 for Serbia 2003

All Environmental programs related to EPS 2004 -2005


Name Aleksandar Vlajčić

E-mail [email protected]

Date of birth 30th July 1955

WORK EXPERIENCE

• Dates (from – to) 2007 - 2009

• Name and address of employer EA Thermal Power Plants “Nikola Tesla”, Obrenovac, Serbia

• Type of business or sector Investment, production, maintenance

• Occupation or position held Manager deputy

• Main activities and responsibilities • Utility management• Management of the mid and long term planning for investment, production and maintenance

• Dates (from – to) 2004 - 2007

• Name and address of employer The Ministry of Energy and Mining of Republic of Serbia, 36 Kralja Milana St., Belgrade

• Type of business or sector Energy and power sector; Public administration

• Occupation or position held Assistant Minister

• Main activities and responsibilities • Negotiation with EC about ECSEE TREATY –Government team leader• Management of the reforms in power sector and on creating conditions for establishing the liberalized electricity market in Serbia

• Dates (from – to) 2001 - 2004

• Name and address of employer Head Department for Development and Investments, Electric Power Industry of Serbia (EPS), 412 Vojvode Stepe St., Belgrade

• Type of business or sector Power Sector

• Occupation or position held Assistant Manager for Investments

• Main activities and responsibilities • Management of the huge investment works on building and rehabilitation of the objects within EPS

• Dates (from – to) 1990-2001

• Name and address of employer Thermal Power Plant “Nikola Tesla”, Obrenovac, Serbia

• Type of business or sector Power Sector production and maintenance

• Occupation or position held Manager of the operation and maintenance plant service

• Main activities and responsibilities • Overhaul planning and surveillance of the of boilers, turbines and steam pipeline• Operation and maintenance leading engineer


• Dates (from – to) 1983-1990

• Name and address of employer Thermal Power Plant “Nikola Tesla”, Obrenovac, Serbia

• Type of business or sector Power Sector, Investment

• Occupation or position held Operation & Maintenance Engineer, Commissioning

• Main activities and responsibilities • Reconstruction and revitalization of the PP’s sets• Maintenance System implementation• Boiler system and cooling water system Team manager• Fan system Team manager• Planning and supervising maintenance of the Auxiliary system• Erection and commissioning of the new B1 and B2 600 MW units, fired by lignite• Reliability and Availability improvement Project • Training trip to Finland on using low efficiency coal, organized by UN Committee for Coal

• Dates (from – to) 1983

• Name and address of employer Mašinoprojekt, Belgrade

• Type of business or sector Energy Sector

• Occupation or position held Project Engineer

• Main activities and responsibilities • District heating of the city of Pozarevac Project - member of the team• Transferring 210MW turbine regime Project - member of the team

EDUCATION AND TRAINING

• Dates (from – to) 1974-1980

• Name and type of organisation providing education and training

Graduated from the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the University of Belgrade in 1981

• Principal subjects/occupational skills covered

Graduated Mechanical Engineer

• Title of qualification awarded Master of science

• Level in national classification (if appropriate)

VII

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Member of the SMEITS since 1987

Member of the ASME since 1991

Publications:

• Prof. dr. Vera Sijacki- Zeravcic, dr. Biljana Andjelic, dipl. ing. Gordana Bakic, dipl. ing. Dusan Milanovic, dipl. ing. Aleksandar Vlajcic, dipl. ing. Petar Maksimovic “The designed and realistic quality of material and its influence on reliable operation of power plant components”, “Elektroprivreda” 4 / 2001

• A. Vlajcic, D.Popovic: “Ash handling system and unit availability of 600MW lignite fired unit”, Budapest, Conference on Pneumatic Transport 1990

• A. Vlajcic, D.Popovic: “Ash Handling, operation and maintenance”, Elektroprivreda, No 10-13 1992


Bratislav Čeperković was born in Kraljevo 1962. He has a PhD in medical science. From the period 1996 – 2003, he worked on the international projects on recycling and waste management for several companies, including ALBA international, Rethmann and ALT VATER-SULO GROUP in Serbia, Germany, and other countries in the region at the position of Executive and Corporate Development Manager. He is an expert in EU integration and energy diplomacy. Over the past 5 years he has been engagen in the EU integration process, in the development of the PEOP and White Stream projects and is one of the architects of the Energy community treaty, EU-SEE Gas ring. Mr.Čeperković has been the initiator of a great number of energy transport environment projects. He was also engaged in drafting numerous international agreements, including: Transport treaty EU-SEE, Open single sky agreement, air traffic agreement, strategy gasification SEE with EU DG

TREN, national strategy gasification Serbia, regional center for climate change and trading emission CO2 in Belgrade, regional center for monitoring transport for SEE WITH HQ in Belgrade, member PHLG for transport EU-SEE Road Corridor E7 and E10 in strategic priority EU for West Balkans and Serbia. He has participated in numerous conferences in support of strong relations between the EU and the West Balkans. From 2004 – 2008 Mr. Čeperković was minister – counselor Missione Serbia to the EU-Brussels. He is currently the chairman of the JP Transnafta Managing Board and Executive Manager at EPS (Electric Power Industry of Serbia). He is also special advisor to the Deputy Prime Minister of Serbia, engaged in foreign affairs and EU integration issues. He speaks English and German. He lives in Belgrade. Among the Mr. Čeperković countless awards we may exctract Belgrade October award and Nikola Tesla award.

eps - the green book

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