PRESENTED BY:Anum YousafAtia Gulzar

Ayesha ArshadFatima Muhammad

Kainat ZahraNida Javaid

Nosheen Rehman

PRESENTED TO:Dr.zehra Agha

DATE OF PRESENTATIONAPRIL 28TH, 2015

Plant sources

Animal sources

Microbial sources

Papain

Bromoline

Fixin

maltase

Trypsin

Pepsin

Lipase

rennet

Amylases

diastases

Enzymes in food industry:

• Enzymes have been having an impact on our food supply for 1000 of years.

• Use of enzymes became an offshoot of a biological or microbiological discovery that involved fermented foods.

Brewing and alcohol productionVinegarBaking etc.

Gluco-amylase: Corn syrup Light beer

Beta-glucans: Used in filtration after mashing in brewing

Lipase : Enhance flavor Cheese ripening

Some important enzymes

Chymosin: Curdling of milk in cheese making.

Microbial proteases:Used in processing of raw plants and animal protein.Used in production of meat extracts, and meat extenders.

Papain:Meat tenderizer.

Pectinase:Fruit juices

Lactase:Additive in dairy products. It is isolated from fungi “Aspergillus oryzae.”

Glucose oxidase:Convert glucose into gluconic acid.

Curing

Soaking

De-hairing

De-greasin

g

Not directly involved

Preserve Skin

Pancreatic ProteasesRemove Non Fibrillar

Protein

Neutral proteasesImprove waste water Quality

Lipases & ProteasesRemove fats

Bating

Trypsin & Proteases

To make soft and supple

TanningDirectly not

involvedQuality of tanning

Waste Processing

Trypsin & Proteolytic enzymes

Tanned waste processing

Enzymes used in pulp and paper industry Amylase ---starch Cellulase ---cellulose fiber Protease ---proteins Hemicellulases (Xylanase) ---

hemicellulose Lipase ---glycerol backbone,

pitch Esterase ---esters, stickies Pectinase ---pectins

ENZYME AND DNA BIOTECHNOLOGY

Restriction endonucleases can be used to construct a restriction map of a DNA molecule

• Endonuclease III: Radiation, oxidation, and UV damage

• Endonuclease IV: Oxidizing agents (bleomycin, tert-butyl hydroperoxide), alkylating agents (MMS, mitomycin)

• Endonuclease V : Recognizes cis-syn and trans-syn cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and AP sites with equal efficiency. The enzyme cleaves AP sites on both double-, and single-stranded DNA.