environmental rehabilitation strategy and activities in ayeyarwady delta: undp experience htun paw...
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Environmental Rehabilitation Strategy and Activities in Ayeyarwady Delta:
UNDP Experience
Htun Paw Oo and Saw Doh Wah
Inle/ICDP, UNDP Myanmar
12 November 2012, Inya Lake, Yangon
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Content
•Introduction•Previous Activities by Forest Department, UNDP, FAO•UNDP Rehabilitation Strategies & Activities•Environmental Issues•Progress on Climate Change Adaptation & Mitigation•The Way Forward
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Source: UN-REDD Newsletter no. 16, Feb 2011
Ecosystem Function of Mangroves
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Ayeyawady Delta
Rakhine coastal line
TaninthayiCoastal line
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Types of Livelihoods In Delta
• Agriculture( paddy, homestead garden, horlticulture)
• Fishery (catch fishery, aquaculture, processing)• Livestock (cattle, poultry, duck, goat)• Forestry ( fuel-wood, charcoal, Nipa)• Agro-forestry (sorjan, multi-layer)• MSE• Cottage industry (rice mill, salt)
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Main causes of mangrove depletion and Main causes of mangrove depletion and degradationdegradation
• Increase of Rice Fields• Human Settlement in the Reserved Forests• Construction of Prawn Pond• Over exploitation of Firewood and Charcoal Production• Lack of Awareness of the services of Mangrove
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Land use changes of Mangroves in Delta
1990
2001
20072001
Sr. Township Reserve Area (ha)
Remaining Stands (ha)
Damaged Area (ha)
Damaged (%)
1 Labutta 101,620 16,150 4,638 28
2 Bogalay 151,228 39,568 12,070 30
3 Mawlamyinegyun 21,947 251 62 24
Total 274,795 55,969 16,770 29
Mangroves affected by Cyclone Nargis
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Previous Programmes
UNDP/FAO HDI (1994 to 2002)• Capacity building both for agencies and communities,• Establishment of village nurseries, • Development of community forestry, • Public tree planting (roadsides, school compounds, etc.)• Utilization of efficient stoves, • River bank protection planting,• Environmental awareness & forestry extension
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ICDP (2003-2008) period in Ayeyaewady Delta
• Farm boundary planting 762.8 acres• Community woodlots 774.0 acres• Village forest nurseries 17 no.• Embankment renovation 284.8 miles• Land reclamation 4415 no.• Bamboo planting 624.4 acres• School tree planting 6 no.• Energy saving stoves 18816 no.
Those activities have been implemented in Bogalay, Labutta, Kyaiklat, Mawlamyeingyun and Ngapudaw townships.
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Community Forests and Public Tree Planting in HDI/ICDP Projects Labutta
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Community Mangroves Forests Established in HDI Provided Forest Products for Construction & Farm Tools and Saved Lives
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Public Forestry Private Forestry Community Forestry Agro-Forestry
Strategies of Reforestation
1. Road Side2. Coastal belt 3. River bank 4. School, Monastery, Church etc.,)
1. Reserved forest (FD)2. Individual private land3. Land allowed by SLRD
1. Reserved forest land permitted by FD 2. Land allowed by SLRD
1. Homestead garden 2. Farm boundary 3. Fish and shrimp ponds for Silvo-fishery
NurseryMangrove nursery (mangrove spp.)
Fresh water nursery Multipurpose + Fruit Trees
Capacity Building (Training, Workshop, Study tour)
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Post Nargis Recovery Intervention(2009)
Nursery establishment - 42 non-mangrove nurseries( 1.07 ml seedlings)
• - 14 mangrove nursery(0.5 ml seedlings)• Public tree planting - Road sides, River bank
(281 villages) - Home gardens, Farm boundary• - School & monastery compounds• Villages for planting mangrove saplings - 78• 5 forest nursery trainings - Fresh water and mangrove species• 4 Forest mgmt trainings• 7 (Study tour, environmental campaign and orientation workshop)• Distribution of fruit trees - 69,000• No. of beneficiaries for fruit trees - 5,500• 4 Efficient stove making training - mud stove and rice husk stove• Distribution of efficient stoves - 3,674
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ICDP-Delta Intervention(2010)
Nursery establishment - 29 non-mangrove nurseries( 0.4 ml seedlings)• - 15 mangrove nursery(0.4 ml seedlings)• Public tree planting - Road sides, River bank
(165 villages) - Home gardens, Farm boundary - School & monastery compounds
• 3 Environmental campaigns - 400 students & 100 villagers• 4 Efficient stove making training - 126 trainees• 12 (Forest management, agro-forestry, aqua-forestry and efficient stove
trainings) for 381 trainees from 95 villages• Distribution of bamboo & fruit trees - 11,400 & 17,800• Distribution of IEC materials - posters (9070), pamphlets
(36,000) & booklets (12,000)
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Public Tree Planting Activities
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Auk Gyo Phyu Mangrove Nursery& Planting in MLG
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Strengths and Opportunities
Strengths• Community, NGOs and individuals show their interests for tree
planting• Awareness increased on CC, Env and DRR • Improved coordination among line agencies, I/NGOs• Previous experienced village resource persons
Opportunities• Traditional home garden (Agro-forestry) practices have been
existed• Technology access on mangrove rehabilitation• Potential for sorjan and mangrove-cum-aquaculture• Community forests/woodlots for potential REDD+
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Weakness and Threats
Weakness
•Limited land area for community forests and village woodlots
•Limited knowledge and skill on reforestation and agro-forestry at field staff and community
•Limited village level forest resource data
Threats
• Population pressure associated with imbalanced supply & demand of forest resources
• Accelerated expansions of agriculture and fish & shrimp, salt farming
• Widespread river bank erosion
• Other environmental issues, weather abnormality, decreased fish catch, sea level rise, etc.
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Community Forests and Products in HDI/CDRT Project
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Environmental Activities in 2011
• Mangroves & fresh water nursery - 10 nurseries• Mangrove and fresh water seedlings - 388,535
seedlings• No. of villages planted - 95 villages• Forest management training - 2 batch for 70
participants• Environmental awareness campaign - 1450 participants• Posters and manual on mangrove mgnt - 1300• Pamphlets on forest conservation - 20,000
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Protect from Wave on Mangrove Planting
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Mangrove Nurseries and Plantation
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Roadside Planting ad Agro-forestry
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Agro-forestry in Delta
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Bio-mass Fuel in Delta
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Locally Available Non-wood Bio-mass Fuel
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Utilization of Energy Efficient Stove and Local Initiatives
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Way Forward• Cooperation with Government agencies, local communities and UN/
international organizations• Supporting the development of the comprehensive land use
policy/plan• Improve/encourage community and private forestry, agro-forestry• Improve/encourage environmental awareness including climate
change mitigation and adaptation• Improve capacity development on energy efficient stoves• Improve stakeholder participation, cooperation and coordination• Mangroves are potential climate change adaptation and mitigation• Improve integration among stakeholders (line ministries,
INGOs/NGOs, CSOs and community)• Participate in recently initiated Integrated Coastal Zone
Management programme
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Thank You for Your Attention