environmental impact assessment - www … fileprovince of western china, with physical sub-project...

China: Gansu Rural-Urban Integration Infrastructure Project

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Executive Summary

AUGUST 2014

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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... - 3 -

2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................................... - 4 -

3. REGULATORY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK .......................................................................................... - 10 -

4. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINES ...................................................................................... - 12 -

4.1 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................................ - 12 - 4.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTEXT .................................................................................................................... - 14 - 4.3 SPECIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SENSITIVE SITES/AREAS ............................................................. - 14 -

5. IMPACTS ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES .................................................................... - 16 -

5.1 IMPACTS ON NATURAL HABITATS AND FORESTS ...................................................................................... - 16 - 5.2 CROSSING ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVE AREAS ........................................................................................ - 17 - 5.3 COMMUNITY IMPACTS ............................................................................................................................ - 24 - 5.4 CONSTRUCTION IMPACTS ........................................................................................................................ - 27 - 5.5 INDUCED AND CUMULATIVE IMPACTS ...................................................................................................... - 27 -

6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................................. - 28 -

6.1 WITH/WITHOUT PROJECT ..................................................................................................................... - 28 - 6.2 ALTERNATIVES OF SUB-PROJECT ROADS ................................................................................................. - 29 -

7. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ............................................................ - 30 -

8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ........................................................................................... - 32 -

8.1 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES ................................................................................................................ - 32 - 8.2 MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................................................................................... - 33 - 8.3 ENVIRONMENTAL SUPERVISION .............................................................................................................. - 34 - 8.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ..................................................................................................... - 34 - 8.5 CAPACITY TRAINING ............................................................................................................................... - 34 - 8.6 ESMP BUDGET ESTIMATES .................................................................................................................... - 34 -

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1. INTRODUCTION The proposed Gansu Rural-Urban Integration Infrastructure Project is located in Gansu Province of western China, with physical sub-project activities in Wuwei City and Linxia County. Located in the inland and with slow development, Gansu Province largely lags behind the eastern China in terms of economic development and infrastructure development. In order to improve road network and narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, the World Bank is cooperating with Gansu Province to support transport infrastructure improvement in Wuwei City and Linxia County of the province. The project will fund rehabilitation/improvement of existing/new construction of 18 urban streets and rural roads in Wuwei City and 9 urban streets and rural roads in Linxia County(See Table 1, and 2). Considering its potential environmental and social impacts, this project is classified as a Category A as per OP4.01. The following World Bank safeguards policies are triggered: (1) OP4.01 Environmental Assessment; (2) OP4.04 Natural Habitats; (3) OP4.11 Physical Cultural Resources; (4) OP4.10 Indigenous People; and (5) OP4.12 Involuntary Resettlement. Environmental impact assessment (EIA) reports have been prepared for Wuwei subproject and Linxia subproject respectively by licensed consultant (Lanzhou University), based on which two stand-alone Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMP) have been developed. The preparation of EIAs and ESMPs followed the relevant laws and regulations of China, World Bank safeguards policies, as well as EHS guidelines, with comments and guidance from the World Bank task team. Besides these environmental safeguards documents, social safeguards documents have also been prepared following the requirement of OP4.10 and OP4.12, including two Social Assessment (SA) reports and one Ethnic Minority Development Plan (EMDP). These documents were submitted to the Bank in June 2014, and found in conformity with World Bank safeguards policies. They have been locally disclosed in local newspapers, Project Management Offices in local communities, and also have been disclosed in the Infoshop. This document summarizes the potential environmental and social impacts of the proposed Gansu Rural-Urban Integration Infrastructure Project based on above-mentioned safeguards documents. It highlights the key environmental and social safeguards issues related to the project construction and operation, describes the main findings and conclusion of impact assessment, and summarizes main mitigation measures and implementation management plans. In summary, the proposed project will have significant positive impacts of improvement of transport infrastructure, facilitation of public mobility and accessibility to social services, and increase of employment opportunity and income of local residents. It will not significantly degrade or convert natural habitat, neither will it adversely affect known physical cultural resources. Thorough environmental and social management plans have

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been developed that can adequately avoid, minimize, mitigate and compensate the adverse impacts to acceptable level. 2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The overall development objective of this project is to provide targeted residents of Wuwei Municipality and Linxia County with improved and safe transport access to economic opportunities and social services. The physical activities of the project include two components: Infrastructure in Wuwei City: including 10 sub-projects with new construction and

rehabilitation/improvement of 18 roads (new construction of 13 urban and rural roads with total length of 48 km and rehabilitation/improvement of 5 existing urban and rural roads with total length of 39km. This also includes sewer and drainage pipelines along the urban roads.

Infrastructure in Linxia County: including new construction and rehabilitation of 9 roads with total length of 92km (new construction of 4 roads with total length of 30km and rehabilitation of 5 existing roads with total length of 62km). This also include sewer and drainage pipelines along the urban roads

The detailed contents of road construction of these two components are listed in Table 1 and Table 2, and the locations of the project activities are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.

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Figure 1 Location of Road Infrastructure Projects in Wuwei City of Gansu Province

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Table 1 Road Infrastructure Projects in Wuwei City

No. Road Major Investment1 Construction/

Rehabilitation/

Improvement

Environmental setting

W-A1:

Golden Avenue - Fengle Town

Liujiagou Village - Shatan Village

9.2km long, 20m wide, 40km/h; and associated facilities including 2 bridges (L1*70m, L1*130m, W:20m); 18.4km water supply pipeline, and 18.6km storm water pipeline.

Improvement of 4.8km existing road, 4.4km new construction Gobi desert

Connecting road of Golden Avenue 3.02km long, 18m wide, 80km/h. Improvement of

existing road

W-A2:

Golden Avenue – Yongchang Town

Golden Avenue – Xiazhai Village

3.914km long, 28m wide, 40km/h, 7.1km water supply pipeline, and 8.2km storm water pipeline. New construction

Farmland and villages Xiazhai Village - Liupei Village, 3.363km long, 28m wide, 40km/h. New construction

W-A3:

Yanjia Village – Liuqi Village

Yanjia Village – Liuqi Village

3.5km long, 28m wide, 40km/h. 7.1km water supply pipeline, and 8.2km storm water pipeline New construction Farmland and villages

W-A4:

Golden Avenue – Wunan Town

Huasheng Village – Golden Avenue

4.2km long, 29m wide, 60km/h. and associated facilities including 8.6km water supply pipeline. New construction Farmland and villages

W-A5:

Golden Avenue - Huangyang Town

Golden Avenue - Huangyang Town

5.8km long, 24m wide, 40km/h, and associated facilities including one bridge (L18m, W24m), 6.5km water supply pipeline and 8.9km storm water pipeline.

Improvement of 3.1km existing road, 2.7km new construction

Farmland and villages

W-A6:

Roads within Huangyang Town

Weiqi Road (north) 1.56km long, 28m wide, 40km/h, water supply pipeline and storm water pipeline. New construction Farmland and villages,

partial in township built-up area, Weiqi Road (south) 0.93km long, 18m wide, 40km/h, water supply

pipeline and storm water pipeline. New construction

1 Road investment includes associated facilities such as bridges, culverts, pipelines underneath the roads, and lighting, greening, and safety facilities (see details in EIA report). - 6 -


Jingyi Road 2.64km long, 24m wide, 40km/h. water supply pipeline and storm water pipeline. New construction

Muxiao Road 0.57km long, 14m wide, 20km/h. water supply pipeline and storm water pipeline. New construction

W-A7:

Tumen cluster of core area of urban-rural integration

Xinfeng - Wangfuying

7.5km long, 16m wide, 30km/h and associated facilities including one bridge (L126.5m, W16m), including water supply pipeline and storm water pipeline.

New construction Farmland and villages

Shuangfeng - Yuandunzi

5.2km long, 16m wide, 30km/h, and associated facilities including one bridge (L40m, W16m). New construction

W-A8:

Tumen town – Huanghuatan village

Taizi Village – Huanghuatan village

12.2km long, 8.5m wide, 60/40km/h, and associated facilities including two bridges (L1*105m, L1*70m, W12).

Rehabilitation of existing road Farmland and villages

W-A9:

Xiaoshanzi – Dajing Town

Xiaoshanzi – Dajing Town

16.76 km long, 7.5m wide, 30km/h, and associated facilities including 6 small bridges (L138m, W7.5m) and two medium bridges (L2*70m, W7.5m).

Rehabilitation of existing road

Farmland and villages, Dajingxia reservoir and Dajinghe River

W-B:

Urban roads in Dajing Town

Weisan Road 2.74km long, 44m wide, 40km/h, 5.5km water supply pipeline and 6.4km storm water pipelines.

New construction

Dajing Township Weisi Road 2.86km long, 20m wide, 30km/h. and 3.2km water supply pipeline and 4.3km storm water pipelines.

New construction

Ring road 1.52km long, 20m wide, 30km/h, 1.7km water supply pipeline and 2.3km storm water pipelines.

New construction

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Figure 2 Location of Road Infrastructure Projects in Linxia County of Gansu Province

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Table 2 Road Infrastructure Projects in Linxia County

No. Project Roads Major Investment2 Construction/

Rehabilitation/ Improvement

Environmental setting

L-A1: Renovation of Binhe Road

Binhe Road 5.779km long, 18m wide, 40km/h and associated facilities including one bridge(L18m, W24m), 6km sewer and 8.9km storm water pipeline.

Improvement of existing road

Farmland and villages, river valley

L-A2: Maoniu Road Maoniu Road

7.652km long, 16m wide, and associated facilities including one small bridge (L15m, W16m) and two medium bridges (L1*88m, L1*38m, W16m), 6.9km sewer and 9.1km storm water pipeline.

New construction Farmland, river valley

L-A3: Connecting road from Expressway to Yinji Town

Qinjiazhuang Village –Yinji Town

1.626km long, 16m wide, and associated facilities including two bridges (L1*155m, L1*38m, W16m); 2.3km sewer and 2.8km storm water pipeline.

New construction Farmland and villages, river valley

L-A4: Connecting road from Expressway to Xinji Town

Machuan Village –Gucheng Village

1.928km long, 40m, and associated facilities including one bridge (L146m, W28m); 2.5km sewer and 3.4km storm water pipeline.

New construction Farmland and villages, river valley

L-B1: Longquan – Dacaotan rural road

Longquan – Dacaotan rural road

3.96km long, 7.5m wide, and associated facilities including one bridge (L27m, W8m).


Rolling hill area and river valley, limited farmland

L-B2: Renovation of Mama rural road

Maji town – Manisigou town

20.64km long, 7.5m wide, and associated facilities including four bridges (L3*23m; L1*27m, W8m).



L-B3: Renovation of Hangou rural road

Hanji town – Ciaogou Village

15.37km long, 7.5m wide and associated facilities including three bridges (L1*15m, L1*17m, L1*23m, W8m).



L-B4: Renovation of Zhangwo rural road

Zhangzigou town - Wolonggou village 11.42km long, 4.5m wide. Rehabilitation of

existing road


L-B5: Beixiaoyuan –Lianhua Matou rural road

Qiaowo Village –Yinggezui Birdge

23.24km long, 7.5m wide and associated facilities including 9 bridges (L3*50m; 1*60m; 2*85m; 1*90m; 1*100m, 1*160m; W8m).

Rehabilitation of existing road 4.94km, new construction of 18.3km

River valley with farmland and villages, Liujiaxia reservoir and Daxiahe River

2 Road investment includes associated facilities such as bridges, culverts, pipelines underneath the roads, and lighting, greening, and safety facilities (see details in EIA report). - 9 -


3. REGULATORY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) was conducted in accordance with Chinese EIA laws/regulations and the World Bank safeguards policies. Chinese Laws and Regulations The EIA is prepared fully in compliance with relevant China national laws, regulations, technical guidelines and standards. Compliance with a selective list of key Chinese regulations and EIA technical guidelines are summarized in Table 3.

Table 3 Compliance with Key China Domestic Laws and Regulations

China Laws and Regulations Project Compliance Environmental Impact Assessment Law

• EIA prepared by licensed EIA consultant, reviewed and approved by local environmental protection agency.

Classified Directory for Environmental Management of Construction Project

• Individual EIAs have been prepared according to proper classification

Interim Measures for the Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment

• Two rounds of public participation conducted in surrounding villages/towns, and info disclosure through website of Guilin Municipal Government.

Series of EIA Technical Guidelines on Atmospheric Environment, Surface Water Environment, Noise Impact Assessment, Ecological Environment etc.

• Impact assessment follows the technical requirements of these guidelines

World Bank Safeguard Policy Requirements Of the ten safeguards policies, the following are triggered: 1) OP4.01 Environmental Assessment; 2) OP4.04 Natural Habitats; 3) OP4.11 Physical Cultural Resources; 4) OP4.10 Indigenous People; 5) OP4.12 Involuntary Resettlement. Relevant assessment and safeguards documents have been developed accordingly. In addition, the World Bank/IFC Environmental, Health and Safety General Guidelines is referred for the development of mitigation measures in the ESMPs.

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Table 4 Compliance with World Bank Safeguards Policies

World Bank Policies Project Compliance Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01)

• Category A project. • Full EIA and ESMP have been prepared. • Consultation conducted as part of EIA process.

Natural Habitats(OP4.04)

• Alignment alternatives to avoid impacts on sensitive areas/streams. The project will not involve significant conversion (loss) or degradation of natural habitats.

• Adequate assessment of sensitive areas/sites/streams and mitigation measures incorporated in EMP.

Physical Cultural Resources (OP 4.11)

• Cultural resources survey identified 10 mosques and one Taoism temple besides the project roads (10-180m), precautious measures developed in ESMP to avoid impact.

• Resettlement of 345 private household graves included in Resettlement Action Plan.

• Chance-find procedure has been developed in ESMP. Indigenous Peoples (OP 4.10)

• Social Assessment and Ethnic Minority development Plan have been developed given the presence of Hui ethnic minority groups/villages in Linxia County.

Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12)

• Two Resettlement Action Plans have been developed for Wuwei and Linxia component respectively.

Environmental, Health and Safety General Guidelines

• Mitigation measures for waste management, community health and safety and construction management equivalent to EHS guidelines requirements are developed in the ESMPs.

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4. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINES 4.1 Natural Environment Wuwei City Landform: The project area in Wuwei City is located in the alluvial and fluvial plain in the front of Qilian Mountain. The landform mainly features with Gobi desert, oasis, Gobi, atypical semi-fixed desert and flood plain. With flat terrain and criss-cross irrigation channels, the oasis is mainly the living areas of the cities, towns, villages and the main production areas.

Figure 3 Typical Landforms in the Project Area in Wuwei City Climate: Climate in Wuwei is typical continental climate, with cold winter and warm summer. The area belongs to arid zone of cold temperate zone, with precipitation of 60-610mm and evaporation up to 3,000mm.

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Water system: The main sources of surface water are the precipitation and snow melting from Qilian Mountain. Two main rivers in the project area include Gulang River and Dajing River (with annual average flow of 2.46m3/s and 0.42m3/s respectively). They are small seasonal rivers which are dry most of the year, except for a short wet season from July-September. Ecological environment: According to the Gansu Ecological Function Zoning Plan, the project area in Wuwei belongs to oasis urban and water-conservation agricultural zone under the Hexi Corridor Arid Desert and Oasis Agriculture Zone. Main vegetation in the area includes farmland crops, sparse Gobi plants and low hill bushes. There are no rare or protected wild animals in the project area due to intensive human activities. Based on field survey, there is no nature reserve, ecological protected site in the area of influence of the project. Linxia County Landform: Linxia County is located at the transitional area of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Loess Plateau with southwest terrain higher than northeast. The central and eastern Linxia is the Loess Plateau with altitude of about 2,000 m which is the major agricultural area of Linxia County. Daxia River valley passes through the county from south to north, with wide and flat terraces and fertile soils, and is the most important farming area of Linxia County. The rural roads to be upgraded are all existing roads along the flood plain and terrace of small valleys.

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Figure 4 Landform of Project Area in Linxia County Climate: Linxia has a mountainous climate with continental and monsoon features. Annual average temperature is -12.7oC – 26.0oC. Annual precipitation is 628.5mm, and evaporation is 541.9mm. Water Systems: The rivers and water bodies along the proposed road alignments mainly include the 150km long Daxia River and its small branches. The multiple year mean flow rate of Daxia River is 28.3m3/s. There is a major reservoir, Liujiaxia Reservoir, at the north border of Linxia County where the Daxia River feeds in. Ecological environment: According to the Gansu Ecological Function Zoning Plan, the project area in Linxia belongs to loess hill/grassland/farmland and erosion control zone under the Mid-Gansu Loess Hills Agricultural Ecological Zone. Similar to Wuwei, surface vegetation in Linxia mainly includes farmland crops and wild bushes. There are no rare or protected wild animals in the project area due to intensive human activities. Based on field survey, there is no nature reserve, ecological protected site in the area of influence of the project. 4.2 Socio-economic Context Wuwei city is in the middle of Gansu Province, with an area of 33,249km2 and a population of 1.91 million. It had an annual GDP of RMB 27.285 billion in 2012, and the net income of rural population was RMB 5,193. The proposed project involves two administrative districts under Wuwei City: Liangzhou District with total area of 5,081km2, 449 villages and 1.02 million

population of 25 ethnic groups; Gulang County with total area of 5,103km2, 250 villages and 0.39 million population. It

is one of the 43 national poverty counties and one of the 18 arid counties in Gansu. Linxia County is a county under the Linxia Hui Ethnic Minority Autonomous City. It has an area of 1,212km2 and a population of 389,800. There are 9 ethnic groups, of which 8 ethnic minority groups account for 40% of total population. In 2012, the total GDP in Linxia County was RMB 2.22 billion, and average disposable incomes for urban and rural residents were RMB 10,964 and RMB 3,156 respectively. 4.3 Special Environmental and Social Sensitive Sites/Areas During the environmental assessment, several environmentally sensitive areas i.e. nature reserves, forest parks, scenic areas, water resources conservation areas were identified. Extensive efforts have been made for alternative comparison and selection in order to avoid these sensitive areas/sites. As a result, the project roads selected have avoided nature reserve, physical cultural resources and scenic area. Nevertheless, some project roads will have traverse through or may have potential impacts on the following sensitive sites/areas:

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Drinking Water Source Protection Area In Wuwei City, the existing W-A9 road (road width:7.5m) to be rehabilitated is within

the boundary of Class 2 Zone (buffer zone) of drinking water source protection areas of Dajingxia Reservoir and Liujiatan in Dajing Town;

In Linxia County, partial alignment of the L-B5 rural road (road width 7.5m) to be rehabilitated runs along the bank of Liujiaxia Reservoir in which there is a drinking water source protection area;

In Linxia County, the existing rural road L-B4 (road width: 4.5m) to be rehabilitated starts from a location that is close to the Class 2 Zone boundary of Wolonggou Water Source Area. Though, the L-B4 road is outside and at the downstream direction of the protection zone.

Physical Cultural Resources In Wuwei, there are 309 household graves to be relocated. Based on field investigation,

these graves are all recent family graves of local communities which do not have archaeological and historical significance.

In Linxia County, there are 36 household graves to be relocated. Similar to that of Wuwei, these graves are all recent graves of local communities which do not have archaeological and historical significance.

In Linxia County, there are 10 mosques and one Taoism temple identified along the sides of proposed project roads, with distance of 10-180m. The project roads’ right-of-way will not encroach the boundary of these cultural resources, while the construction activities may have potential adverse impacts on them.

Communities In Wuwei, there are 51 social sensitive receptors (including 45 villages and 6 schools)

identified along the project roads that could be subject to potential impacts of community disturbance and construction nuisance of noise, dust and traffic impacts;

In Linxia, there are 60 social sensitive receptors (including 46 towns/villages, 2 hospitals and 12 schools) along the project roads that could be subject to potential impacts of the project.

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5. IMPACTS ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES As an urban and rural roads improvement intervention, the proposed project will have significant positive benefits to the local people in terms of improvement of transport infrastructure, facilitation of public mobility and accessibility to social services, and increase of employment opportunity and income of local residents. Meanwhile, there are also potential adverse environmental and social impacts envisaged during the project construction and operation stages. These potential impacts are mostly temporary impacts related to construction activities. Based on the environmental impacts assessment reports and social safeguards documents, the manageable adverse impacts are primarily related to: (i) crossing sensitive sites of water resource protection areas; (ii) community impacts such as resettlement in urban and rural areas, physical cultural resources, ethnic minorities, noise, community disturbance and safety etc.; (iii) impacts during construction such as borrow/disposal sites, access roads, soil erosion, waste management etc. These impacts are carefully assessed in EIAs and SAs, and measures have been developed in ESMPs, RAPs and EMDP. In summary, the project will not have significant adverse environmental and social impacts, will not result in significant degradation or conversion of natural habitat, will not have significant impact on any physical cultural resource. The mitigation measures in the ESMP would effectively avoid, minimize, mitigate and compensate the impacts to acceptable level. The key findings of potential impacts and mitigation measures are summarized as follows: 5.1 Impacts on Natural Habitats and Forests The project is located in areas which have been disturbed by intensive human activities. In Linxia, approximately 89% of total land affected (158ha) are farmland, existing roads, land for economic trees (e.g. planted fruit/timber trees) and residential land. The rest 10.9% (equivalent to 7.75ha) are grassland and green belt along the existing roads. In Wuwei approximately 56.6% of the total land affected (235ha) are farmland, residential land, and existing roads; while the rest 43% is in the wasteland in desert area (equivalent to 100ha). Wuwei is a city facing desertification problem with 39% of its land being desert. To minimize the acquisition of farmland, the project (mainly roads A1, A2, A7 in Wuwei) will occupy 100ha wasteland which accounts of 0.05% of the total desert area in Wuwei. The EA confirms that there are no endangered species in the project area that could be affected by project interventions. Road investments include 40 bridges: i.e. 15 bridges in Wuwei and 25 bridges in Linxia with bridge length varying from 15-155m and width varying from 8-28m. Linxia is located in hilly area. Out of the 25 bridges in Linxia, 8 bridges will be crossing gullies in the hilly area; 4 bridges will cross man-made channels including irrigation ditches; 4 bridges will cross Daxia River; and 9 bridges will cross small branches of Daxia River. Construction activities for these bridges in Linxia are expected to affect river systems-seasonal streams

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or perennial streams, i.e. Daxia River and its branches. The major impacts are soil erosion, which may increase the sediment concentration in Daxia River and cause deposit in the lower stream of the river. The EA shows that if no mitigation measures taken, project construction in Linxia may increase soil erosion by 78,427 tons during the five year construction phase and three years after the construction. The proposed 15 bridges in Wuwei will be crossing low lying areas or dry stream beds. The EA shows that if no mitigation measures taken, project construction in Wuwei may increase soil erosion by 92,172 tons during the five year construction phase and three years after the construction. Streams in the project area in Wuwei are dry in about 10 months each year. Project construction will not bring about significant impacts on the stream water quality. Daixa River and its branches have been influenced by human activities. However, by taking a precautionary approach, Natural Habitats policy (OP4.04) is deemed triggered. Mitigation measures for the bridge construction have been proposed in the ESMP. A Soil and Water Conservation Plan, as part of the ESMP, has been developed for Linxia and Wuwei respectively including mitigation measures, monitoring plan and the budget. With these mitigation measures in place, the adverse impacts (e.g. soil erosion) caused by construction activities can be substantially reduced. The project will affect 29,969 trees in Wuwei, and 18,087 trees in Linxia. The affected trees are timber or fruit trees planted by farmers in the land close to their villages or houses, or green belt along the existing roads. Compensation for the trees has been specified in the RAP. These affected trees accounts for a small percentage (i.e. 0.0025%) of total woodland in Linxia and Wuwei. The project will not have any impacts on the health and quality of forests, nor affect the rights and welfare of people and their level of dependence upon or interaction with forests. Forests policy (OP4.36) is not deemed triggered. 5.2 Crossing Environmental Sensitive Areas (1) Drinking water source protection areas of Dajingxia Reservoir and Liujiatan The section from K0+000 to K2+500 of the existing W-A9 Xiaoshanzi - Dajing Town road runs along the bank of Dajingxia Reservoir. The reservoir is a drinking water resource for local communities, and thus is classified as a drinking water source protection area, with protected water surface area, Class 1 terrestrial protection zone and Class 2 terrestrial protection zone (buffer zone)3.

3 Class 1 Protection Zone is the core protection zone that prohibits any construction or expansion irrelevant to water resources protection; Class 2 Protection Zone is a buffer zone that prohibits new construction and expansion of water pollution discharging projects. Road infrastructure construction and upgrading is allowed with approval of relevant authority.

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The W-A9 to be rehabilitated is an existing rural road of which about 2500m section is within the Class 2 protection zone of the reservoir. The section from K1+500 to K2+400 is in the immediate vicinity of the Class 1 protection zone. The nearest distance between the existing road and the water intake facility is about 50m. The relative position of the W-A9 road and the water source protection area of Dajingxia reservoir is shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5 Spatial Relationship between W-A9 and Dajingxia Reservoir

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The section from K2+500 to K6+600 of W-A9 traverses through the Class 2 protection zone of the Liujiatan Drinking Water Source Protection Area for a total length of 4100m, with section of K5+300 - K6+400 running along the boundary of Class 1 zone. The water source in Liujiatan provides drinking water for Dajing Town. The primary conservation areas are the gully areas from 1000 m upstream of the water intake to 100 m downstream. The secondary conservation areas are the catchment areas from 1000 m upstream of the primary conservation areas to 200 m downstream which shall not exceed the water shed of the basin. The water intake facility is about 20m from the right-of-way of W-A9 road. The relative position of the W-A9 road and the water source protection area of Liujiatan is shown in Figure 6.

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Figure 6 Spatial Relationship between W-A9 and Liujiatan Protection Area

Given the close vicinity to these two drinking water sources protection areas, the rehabilitation of the W-A9 road may have potential adverse impacts on the protection area during construction stage. These impacts includes: potential impacts from un-managed construction wastewater discharge into the reservoir/river; soil erosion at the river banks due to construction activities; solid waste (garbage and construction spoil material) could

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be dumped into the water; potential oil leakage of construction machines/vehicles that may pollute the water; improper behaviour of construction workers may have potential pollution impacts on water quality (e.g. bath, fishing or car washing etc.). There are also potential adverse impacts during operation stage, including direct discharge of road surface runoff into the water body; risk of hazardous materials spills on the road may impact the water quality of the reservoir and the river. All these impacts are site-specific and manageable with good construction practice and readily developed mitigation measures. To mitigate the potential impacts during construction and operation, measures are developed in the ESMP and project design, including the key measures of: Development of standard Environmental Code of Practice (ECOP) for construction

management, soil erosion control, drainage management, waste management; Special project design for water protection including: surface runoff and accident spill

collection/sedimentation tanks along the sections close to water source protection areas; drainage system connected with sedimentation tanks; anti-crash barriers; and warning signs and speed control measures etc.

The current situation W-A9 road is badly maintained, with broken road surface, and inadequate drainage and protection measures to protect the water sources protection areas. The rehabilitation of this road will significantly improve the road surface quality, so reduce the soil erosion that may impact water quality. Provision of adequate crash barrier enclosure along the reservoir/river and surface runoff drainage collection/sedimentation facilities will substantially minimize the potential pollution discharged into the water. Thus, the rehabilitation of W-A9 road will have substantial positive environmental benefits to the water quality protection of these two drinking water source protection areas. (2) Liujiaxia Reservoir In Linxia County, partial alignment of the L-B5 Beixiaoyuan – Lianhua Matou rural road to be constructed runs along the bank of Liujiaxia Reservoir. The reservoir which serves the multiple functions of power generation, flood control, irrigation, fishery cultivation and drinking water sources Yongjing County and Dongxiang County. There are two drinking water intakes in the reservoir, with their own protection zones. The L-B5 road runs along the bank that is in the upstream of the reservoir, about 8km away from water source protection area of Dongxiang County and 20km away from the water source protection area of Yongjing County. The relation of the L-B5 road and the reservoir and two drinking water sources protection areas are shown in Figure 7.

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Figure 7 Proposed L-B5 Road and Liujiaxia Reservoir and Water Protection Areas According to the project design, the partial new construction of L-B5 road will run along the reservoir bank, with closest distance of 100m. The reservoir bank is protected by a

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flood control dike, and the L-B5 alignment is separated from the reservoir by the flood control dike. Given the close distance to the reservoir, the construction of the road may have potential adverse environmental impacts on the reservoir. Similar to situation of W-A9 road, these impacts may include construction wastewater, soil erosion, solid waste, oil leakage and construction workers’ behaviour etc. during construction, and risk of accidental spills discharged into the water during operation stage. The L-B5 road section is far away from the two drinking water sources protection areas about 8 km and 20km at the downstream of the reservoir. Therefore, the construction of the project is unlikely to have major impacts on these two protection areas. Same as the above-mentioned W-A9 road, similar mitigation measures have been developed in the ESMP including various ECOPs and appropriate project design to mitigate the potential impacts. (3) Wolonggou Water Source Protection Area In Linxia County, the existing rural road L-B4 to be rehabilitated is in the vicinity of the Wolonggou Water Source Protection. The road starts from a location that is close to the Class 2 Zone boundary of protection area at the downstream direction. The location of road and its spatial relation to the protection area is shown in Figure 8. It can be seen that the L-B4 is located outside of boundary of the protection area, and it is at the downstream direction and not in the close vicinity of the river, therefore, there is less possibility that construction and operation of the road is could have major impacts on Wolonggou Water Source Protection Area. As mentioned above, the ECOPs mitigation measures developed in the ESMP will be implemented during the construction which will ensure sufficient protection of water quality of the protection area.

Figure 8 Relation of L-B4 Road and Wolonggou Water Source Protection Area

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5.3 Community Impacts (1) Physical Cultural Resources Mosques and Taoism Temple Based on field survey, there are 10 mosques and 1 Taosim temple identified along the sides of 4 roads in Linxia County. The 10 mosques are recent buildings that were built between 1982-2010, and serve religious services for about 5000 Muslim people. The Taoism temple (Guodongshan Temple) was built over 200 years ago, and serves the Taoism community of about 2000 people in the area. According to OP4.11, these 10 mosques and the Guodongshan Temple are considered as physical cultural resources that have religious and cultural significance to local communities. All of them are outside the right-of-way of the projects roads, with distance between 10-180m, i.e. the construction project roads will not directly acquire the land or encroach the property of these mosques and the temple. However, construction of the project roads will have adverse impacts on these mosques and the temple, including noise impact on religious events, accessibility to these places due to road construction, social disturbance of different culture due to influx of outside workers etc. To address these potential impacts, consultations with local communities (especially Muslim communities) have been conducted and necessary mitigation measures have been incorporated into the ECOPs of the ESMP, including (but not limited to): training of construction worker to respect local culture; provision of temporary access to ensure accessibility; prior notice of construction activities and schedule to avoid construction during religious events; proper enclosure fences to ensure pedestrian safety, etc. With these measures properly implemented, the adverse impacts on these physical cultural resources can be effectively mitigated. Furthermore, the completion of the road renovation will provide much improved road condition and safety for the local communities to access these religious services. Household Graves There are 345 household graves to be relocated due to road construction, including 309 in Wuwei and 36 in Linxia County. Based on field survey and public consultation, it is concluded that these graves are all recent graves of local families with insignificant

Figure 9 Daola Mosque by L-B3 Gangou Road

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archaeological and historical value. As a common issue for infrastructure projects, there are well established national/local resettlement regulations governing the consultation, relocation and compensation of household graves. Consultations on the grave relocation have been conducted, and relocation and compensation measures have been fully incorporated in the Resettlement Action Plans. (2) Land Acquisition and Resettlement The project will have social impacts related to the need for land acquisition and demolition of a number of structures. In Wuwei, there will be total 5,432 people from 1,271 families affected, including 4,846 people (from 1,143 families) affected by the acquisition of 120 ha of collective-owned land, 903 people (from 190 families) affected by demolition of some 76,662.36 m2 of rural structure, 10 shops and 5 institutes. In Linxia, there will be total 6,481 people from 1,519 families affected by the project with land acquisition of 70 ha of collective land and demolition of 1,028 m2 of rural structure. Development of new resettlement sites is not needed, given that there are only 25 families in Linxia and 190 families in Wuwei. They will be re-settling in their original villages along the road alignments. To address the community impacts of land acquisition and resettlement, a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) has been prepared in line with relevant Chinese laws and regulations, and World Bank OP 4.12. The RAP has adequately addressed the impact, compensation standards, institutional arrangement, public participation with consideration of gender issues, budget arrangement and grievance redress mechanism. In addition, a Resettlement Policy Framework has also been developed as per OP4.12 for components that might change their location during project implementation, which describes the overall legal framework, planning principles, procedures, compensation and rehabilitation approach, consultation and participation requirements, grievance redress mechanisms, organization and monitoring arrangements. (3) Ethnic Minority As a Hui autonomous county, 40% of its population in Linxia County is Hui ethnic minority people. There are Hui groups/villages present in the project area and the Bank’s OP4.10 on Indigenous People is triggered. To address the potential impacts on ethnic minority of Hui people, a Social Assessment (SA) study has been carried out during project preparation, with a focus on Hui ethnic minority groups in selected sample villages. The villages/communities fully understood the potential risks and opportunities associated with the project, and expressed their interest, enthusiasm and broad support to the project activities. Based on the findings of the SA study, an Ethnic Minority Development Plan (EMDP) was developed to ensure that project activities on roads development are offered to these communities in the same way as other project beneficiaries and that their participation in the Project would be encouraged.

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(4) Noise and Dust There are total 111 social sensitive receptors subject to noise and dust impacts during construction and noise impact of road operation. The noise sources during construction mainly come from construction machines/equipment and material hauling vehicles. Along with noise, earth excavation, backfilling and road pavement can cause secondary dust impacts on nearby communities. Such noise and dust impact is of temporary nature, but can be a major nuisance to the local communities. To address such nuisance, adequate mitigation measures have been developed in the ECOPs in the ESMP, e.g. no night-time construction near communities; proper arrange construction time to avoid impacts on schools; speed and horning control; low noise techniques and maintenance of machinery/vehicles; frequent water-spraying to suppress dust; covered truck for material transportation; proper management of material storage; timely removal of spoil waste etc. With effective implementation mitigation measures, the nuisance of noise and dust from construction can be adequately mitigated. During operation stage, the traffic on the project roads is expected to grow and will have potential impacts of vehicle noise on the nearby communities. Noise modeling has been conducted for all the roads, based on which additional noise mitigation measures for those community subject to noise exceeding applicable standard have been developed and budgeted in the ESMP, including noise barriers, noise insulation windows, speed bumps and speed limit/no-horning signage. (5) Traffic Disturbance and Safety Road construction activities will inevitably cause disturbance on traffic, including blocking or narrowing existing road surface, traffic congestion, increase of material hauling vehicles through communities etc. These will adversely impact the daily life of nearby communities, and cause potential increase of traffic accidents. To address these impacts, mitigation measures have been developed in the Social Management Plan (Annex 8 of ESMP): e.g. half-surface construction to allow through traffic; safety fences and signs; traffic diversion plan and staff; information disclosure and prior notice; community safety education; community participatory monitoring; ongoing public consultation plan during construction etc. (6) Utility Lines and Irrigation System Impacts The rural roads under the project will cross many existing irrigation ditches where road construction may potential damage the ditches or temporarily/permanently block the irrigation system, thus cause adversely impact the agricultural production. To address such impacts, the project design has incorporated adequate culverts and aqueducts where necessary. Temporary diversion and passage will be put in place during construction stage to ensure minimized impacts on irrigation, and permanent bridges/culverts or aqueducts be constructed upon construction completion. Road construction may also have temporary

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impacts on utility lines (e.g. water supply, drainage, gas, power, communication etc.). Coordination with relevant authorities will be conducted and prior notice be provided to affected communities. Temporary backup services and timely restoration of affected utility lines will be ensured to minimize the community impacts. These measures have been included in the ECOPs of the ESMP. 5.4 Construction Impacts Most of the ecological environmental impacts of the proposed project will be related to construction activities, mainly including borrow pits, spoil disposal sites, access roads, construction sites, waste management etc. These have been given special attentions in the impact assessment: Borrow pit/disposal sites: There are 19 earth-borrowing pits sites identified for both

Wuwei and Linxia components. These sites are all Gobi desert, waste land or farmland. (Two sites close to water source protection area are rejected by the EA consultant after environmental screening, where further design optimization will be carried out in the detailed design stage). 13 Gobi desert and wasteland sites are selected as spoil disposal sites, of which 11 will be backfilling of the borrow pits.

Access roads and construction sites: 34 construction working sites have been identified with need of construction of access roads of total 6.9km. In addition, a number of temporary storage sites for earth and spoil material are also identified. These sites include Gobi desert, wasteland and dry farmland, and have been screened by EIA consultant to ensure minimized ecological impacts.

Waste management: construction will generate wastewater, garbage, waste oil from construction machines/vehicles. If not well-managed, these may adversely affect ecological environment by polluting surface water and soil.

To address these impacts, comprehensive ECOPs for management of construction sites, access roads, borrow/disposal areas, bridge construction, wastewater and solid waste management have been developed as Annex of ESMP. In addition, a comprehensive Soil Erosion Control Plan, as required by Chinese regulations, has been prepared for both Wuwei and Linxia components with detailed and quantified erosion control measures, as well as monitoring plan. The Soil Erosion Control Plans have been included as annexes of the ESMPs. 5.5 Induced and Cumulative Impacts The rehabilitation and construction project roads would substantially improve the connectivity in the project area and benefit transporters and passengers through reduced travel times. The drainage and sewer pipelines constructed as part the project roads will improve wastewater collection efficiency of the urban areas of the project cities, thus contribute to the improvement of water environment. The improved roads will facilitate improvement living standards and access to social services of local communities. With the

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improvement of transport infrastructure, future investment will be likely increased in the project area, providing local residents with employment opportunities in the project area.

The new roads may induce urban growth in previously undeveloped rural areas, for which wastewater and waste management would be needed. To address these potential issues, all proposed roads are in compliance with the local road network master plans and relevant city master plans. In the environmental assessment process, the relevance and compatibility of the project roads with various local master plans have been thoroughly assessed, including urban master plans, transport plans and land use plans. The coordination and implementation these plans would capture the induced impacts. With respect to the cumulative impacts, key Valued Ecosystem Components (VECs) under consideration include soil, acoustic environment, water quality and air quality. The EA shows that the project will have very limited contribution to the cumulative impacts given that (i) the project only accounts for 0.06% (in terms of new road length) of the total roads in Linxia; and 1.5% of the total roads in Wuwei; and (ii) 57% of the road investments (in terms of road length) of the project are for the rehabilitation of existing roads. To minimize the potential impacts such as soil erosion and traffic noise, specific water and social conservation plan, as mentioned above, has been developed for Wuwei and Linxia respectively. Noise monitoring and noise abatement measures have been proposed in the ESMP. 6. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 6.1 With/Without Project Due to insufficient investment and limited local fiscal resources, many roads in Wuwei and Linxia have poor condition, low technical standards, and inadequate safety facilities. The road penetration and coverage are limited, especially for people who live in remote rural and mountainous area. The rural people in both cities have difficulties in commuting between rural and urban areas, as well as in bringing their agricultural products to the cities. The lack of good transport access impedes economic development in Wuwei and Linxia, and prevents the rural population from utilizing social services available in the urban areas. Harsh ecological condition of Wuwei and frequent natural disasters in Linxia also result in the roads being easily damaged and expensive to maintain. Government of China is promoting integrated urban and rural development to achieve the goal of balanced and inclusive social and economic development. The rural-urban integration in Wuwei and Linxia are guided by province-approved master plans. Among the tasks of the plans, road infrastructure construction is one of the main focuses in the rural-urban integration process. Without improvement of urban and rural road infrastructure, the current road network in both Wuwei and Linxia will remain at inadequate and low standards, which has been hindering the mobility and accessibility of local communities, especially the remote and poor rural populations, to social services and economic

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development opportunities. The poor quality of current roads also contributes to inefficient transportation, unsafe traffic and more nuisances of noise and emissions impact on local environment. The proposed infrastructure projects in Wuwei and Linxia will have significant positive contribution to integrated urban and rural development in the project area, and will provide targeted residents of Wuwei Municipality and Linxia County with improved and safe transport access to economic opportunities and social services. The environmental and social impacts of the proposed project are of site-specific and temporary in nature, and such impacts can be adequately avoided, minimized, mitigated and/or compensated with mitigation measures developed in the ESMP, EMDP and RAP. 6.2 Alternatives of Sub-project Roads During project scoping stage, environmental and social safeguards considerations have been fully integrated into the sub-projects screening process. (1) In Wuwei, the originally proposed W-A6 and W-A7 roads were found passing through

two Great Wall relic sites. The original W-A8 road was found traversing through a nature reserve. Based on field investigation and consultation with relevant authorities, the original proposals were dropped.

(2) In Linxia County, alternative alignments for L-B5 Beixiaoyuan – Lianhua Matou road were studied. Three alternative alignments were compared from land acquisition and community disturbance, ecological impacts, noise and water impacts perspectives. Final alignment (Option A) is decided based on overall optimum considerations of all factors, less resettlement, avoidance of physical cultural resources, maximization of utilization of existing roads and less disturbance of communities. The comparison of three options is illustrated below.

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Figure 10 Alternative Comparison of L-B5 Beixiaoyuan – Lianhua Matou Road

Aspects Option A (Recommended)

Option B, C

Land Acquisition and Resettlement

Land acquisition of 30.9ha farmland; relocation of six families, demolition of one institution and 430m2 houses.

Acquisition of 20ha land. Relocation of 408 families, 9 enterprises, 5 religious sites, one institution, 5 large graveyards and 33 shops.

Ecological Environment

Most sections of the road are newly built, except for Section AK9 +600～AK14 +000 which can be rehabilitated. Only farmlands will be acquired without damaging natural vegetation.

Mainly to improve the existing road, which cause larger involuntary resettlement and demolition a number of farmer’s houses. Development of new resettlement sites may bring adverse impacts on the ecological environment.

Vehicle Emission Minor impact on the local people as road passes around the villages.

Concern on vehicle emission as the road passes through villages.

Noise Minor impact on the local people. Noise concern.

Road Safety Minor impacts. Road safety concern.

Impact on Surface Water

Limited impacts on surface water with proper road safety design.

Limited impact on the surface water with proper road safety design.

7. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE Public consultation and information disclosure have been conducted following the national laws and regulations, as well as World Bank OP4.01 Environmental Assessment. Two rounds of consultation and information disclosure were carried out during September 2013 – January 2014 through a combination of public meetings, field interview and questionnaire survey in the project affected communities. In total over 1000 project affected people were consulted in project areas in Wuwei and Linxia. The project received a broad support from the public consulted who expressed strong wishes to speed up the road construction and improvement to facilitate social development and improve living standards in the region. The key environmental and social concerns from the public are mainly related to land acquisition, dust and noise impact, and traffic disturbance and disturbance of religious activities during construction stage. These concerns have been adequately taken account into the mitigation measures in the ESMP, RAP and EMDP, and will be closely supervised during construction period.

The EIA and ESMP have been locally disclosed with reports available in local communities and web linkage in the websites of local governments. The consultation and information disclosure processes are summarized as follows:

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Table 5 Summary of Information Disclosure

City Date Activities Locations

Wuwei City

2013.9.19 Disclosure of project environmental impact assessment information

Wuwei Daily newspaper

2013.9.20-23 Consultation meetings with project affected people; Questionnaire survey

5 townships in Liangzhou District and Dajing Town in Gulang County

2013.11.27-28 Second round of consultation through field interviews and questionnaire survey

Local communities along the project roads

2014.1.4; 2014.8.15

Disclosure and re-disclosure of EIA and ESMP.

Local village committees and web site of local governments; Wuwei Daily

Linxia County

2013.9.13 Disclosure of project environmental impact assessment information

Minzu Daily

2013.9.11-13 Consultation meetings with project affected people;

Three local townships in Linxia

2013.9 Questionnaire survey 401 farmers, and 60 institutions in project area

2013.11.23-26 Second round of consultation through public meetings, field interviews and questionnaire survey

All 10 mosques and the Taoism temple along the roads, and local people

2013.12.26; 2014.8.15

Disclosure and re-disclosure of EIA and ESMP.

Minzu Daily, local village committees and Linxia PMO, website of Linxia Government

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8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Two stand-alone Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs) have been developed for Wuwei and Linxia components respectively, which specify environmental management and supervision roles and responsibilities, mitigation measures, environmental monitoring plans, capacity training and budget estimates. 8.1 Roles and Responsibilities The implementation of ESMP requires the involvement of multi stakeholders, each fulfilling a different but vital role to ensure effective environmental management for the project. The main responsibilities of various stakeholders are summarized in the following table.

Table 6 Key Environmental Management Responsibilities

Organization Stakeholder Responsibility

Environmental management

Wuwei City /Linxia County PMOs

Establish environmental and resettlement department with dedicated staff;

Ensure incorporation of ESMP measures into bidding document and civil work contracts;

Supervise the implementation of ESMP; Organize and coordinate safeguards trainings; Provide semi-annual environmental and social

safeguards progress reports to the World Bank; Entrust external environment expert to monitor the

project; Receive and resolve public complaints and provide

resolution results to the public; Ensure proper archive of project documents.

Gulang and Liangzhou transport bureaus in Wuwei City and Linxia Transport Bureau

Daily operation and roads maintenance during operation stage.

Housing and construction bureaus in Wuwei and Linxia

Daily operation and maintenance of drainage pipelines

Environmental supervision

Wuwei and Linxia EPB

Review and approve EIA Supervise the environmental compliance of

construction and operation.

ESMP measures implementation Contractor

Implement mitigation measures as per bidding documents, contract and ESMP;

Establish environmental management system with dedicated staff;

Receive supervision and guidance from project owner, environmental supervision engineers and local governments;

Provide regular environmental reports to PMO - 32 -


Organization Stakeholder Responsibility

Consultant

Design institute Prepare FSR and project designs Incorporate ESMP requirements into design documents

Environmental Supervision Engineer

Supervise the implementation of ESMP measures by contractors as per contract requirements;

Provide regular supervision reports to PMOs. EIA consultant Prepare EIA and ESMP

Environmental monitoring institute

Licensed institute to conduct monitoring plan of ESMP for both construction and operation stages

Provide monitoring reports to PMOs

8.2 Mitigation Measures Mitigation measures have been developed in the two ESMPs. The development of mitigation measures follows the national laws/regulations, technical guidelines and construction norms, with references to previous similar project experiences and World Bank safeguards policies and Environmental, Health, and Safety General Guidelines. The ESMPs include a set of generic Environmental Code of Practice (ECOP) which consists of the following components: ECOP for Project Design ECOP for Construction Management ECOP for Operation Management ECOP for Environmental Risk Management ECOP for Soil Erosion Control ECOP for Mosque Protection ECOP for Liujiaxia Reservoir Protection Measures for Tomb Relocation Environmental Code of Practices (ECOPs) for contractors will be included in the bidding documents and civil work contracts. Specific mitigations measures during design and construction phases have been proposed in the ESMPs, including (i) road drainage system and road safety design, and provision of road safety facilities; (ii) balance of cut and fill for construction; (iii) management of borrow and disposal sites, camps, nuisance of dust, noise, waste, and wastewater; (iv) specific water and soil erosion management plans; and (iv) mitigation measures to avoid or mitigate disturbance to local communities, traffic, religious activities, utilities and irrigation system. Specific measures proposed for the operation phase including (i) road maintenance (e.g., road safety, drainage system); (ii) noise monitoring and noise mitigation measures; (iii) measures to protect water sources/streams; and (iv) emergency measures for the potential leakage of chemicals and fuel. A social management plan has been developed, based on the major findings and recommendations from the Social Assessment. For details of mitigation measures, please refer to the ESMPs in the project file.

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8.3 Environmental Supervision During construction, environmental supervision shall be carried out by qualified supervision unit reporting to the PMOs. Each supervision engineer company will be required by contract to assign dedicated Environmental Supervision Engineers to supervise the daily implementation of environmental protection measures by contractors. The key responsibilities of the environmental supervision engineers include:

• Develop environmental supervision plan prior to commencement of construction; • Review preliminary design and detailed design to ensure that environmental

mitigation measures in ESMPs are incorporated into project design; • Assist PMOs to organize and implement environmental training for contractors and

management staff; • Review environmental specifications of the construction contracts; • Review construction organization plan, technical plans and construction schedule to

ensure proper handling of environmental safeguards issues; • Review environmental compliance of construction equipment and machines; • Conduct daily supervision on ecological protection, water, air and noise impact, and

supervise the implementation of environmental mitigation measures, and accept and sign off the completion based on environmental compliance;

• Identify problems of ESMP implementation and enforce correction by contractors; • Provide regular reports on ESMP implementation status to PMOs.

8.4 Environmental Monitoring Plan Comprehensive environmental monitoring programs have been designed for construction and operation phases for both Wuwei and Linxia components. Monitoring includes water quality, noise, air quality, as well as soil erosion and vegetation restoration. The PMOs will entrust licensed environmental monitoring institutes to carry out these plans. (Please refer to the ESMPs for detailed monitoring plans) 8.5 Capacity Training To ensure effective implementation of environmental management plan, environmental training has been planned for both Wuwei and Linxia sub-projects. Environmental training will be conducted prior to the commencement of construction, with target groups of relevant staff of all PMOs, contractors and supervision engineers. Training contents will include relevant national environmental laws/regulations, World Bank safeguards policies, environmental management plans, environmental supervision and monitoring techniques and procedures, Environmental Code of Practice (ECOP) and reporting requirements etc. A total budget of RMB 600,000 has been planned for the environmental training plans in the ESMP. 8.6 ESMP Budget Estimates

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All mitigation measures have been budgeted and fully incorporated in project costs including monitoring and supervision. The total ESMP budget estimate for the project is RMB 84,072,700, including RMB 53,415,800 for Wuwei and RMB 30,656,900 for Linxia.

Table 7 Environment Protection Budget for Wuwei Projects No Category Measures Budget (RMB)

1 Soil erosion control 39,392,200

2 Noise 102 Speed and no-horning signs 510,000 600 insulation windows 1,200,000 Noise barrier 700m 910,000

3 Water Waste water sedimentation tanks, 16 510,000 Sanitation facilities of camps at 16 sites 170,000

4 Dust control Enclosure fence of construction sites, 4000m 200,000 5 Solid waste Disposal of hazardous waste, e.g. waste oil 150,000

6 Prevention measures in water sources area

22 seepage-proof collection tanks; crash barriers along reservoir road; warning signage; speed reduction belt

2,000,000

7 Accident prevention

30 Warning signs (warning, speed limits for hazardous freight, emergency contacts etc.) at both ends of bridge 60,000

8 Management fee Supervision 500,000 Labor cost 150,000 Equipment and materials 50,000

9 Monitoring Construction 240,000 Operation 4,600,000

10 Training 230,000 11 Contingency 2,543,600

Total 53,415,800

Table 8 Environment Protection Budget for Linxia Projects

No Category Measures Budget (RMB) 1 Soil erosion control 16,969,900

2 Noise

160 Speed and no-horning signs 400,000 76 insulation windows 152,000 12 Speed bumps 30,000 Noise barrier 2800m 3,705,000

3 Water 18 Waste water sedimentation tanks 540,000 Sanitation facilities of camps at 18 sites 180,000

4 Prevention measures in water sources area

40 seepage-proof collection tanks; crash barriers along reservoir road; warning signage; speed reduction belt

4,000,000

5 Accident prevention

25 Warning signs (warning, speed limits for hazardous freight, emergency contacts etc.) at both ends of bridge 50,000

6 Management fee Supervision 800,000 Labor cost 150,000 Equipment and materials 50,000

7 Monitoring Construction 900,000 Operation 900,000

8 Training 370,000 9 Contingency 1,460,000

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Total 30,656,900

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This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contentsmay not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank Group authorization.

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