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English Word Formation

By: Mohammad FadilEnglish Lecturer,

Jember University Language Centre

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A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran))NOUN + ...ful= ADJECTIVE (meaning: full of, having)

NOUN + ...less= ADJECTIVE (meaning: without)

- wireless

NOUN ...fu l(ADJECTIVE) ...less(ADJECTIVE)

colorful colorless

careful careless

successful -

- countless

beautiful -

artful artless

wonderful -

- priceless

care

art

color

success

wonder

beauty

price

count

wire

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A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

brotherhood

childhood

COUNT NOUN + hood= NONCOUNT ABSTRACT NOUN

NOUN ...hood(ABSTRACT NOUN)

adulthoodadult

brother

child

neighborhoodneighbor

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A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

friendship

fellowship

COUNT NOUN + sh ip= NONCOUNT ABSTRACT NOUN

NOUN ...sh ip(ABSTRACT NOUN)

leadershipleader

friend

fellow

relationshiprelation

member membership

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A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

appropriateness

politeness

ADJECTIVE + ness= NONCOUNT ABSTRACT NOUN

ADJECTIVE ...ness(ABSTRACT NOUN)

kindnesskind

appropriate

polite

weaknessweak

serious seriousness

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A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

activity

loyalty

ADJECTIVE + i ty= ABSTRACT NOUN

ADJECTIVE ...i ty(ABSTRACT NOUN)

abilityable

active

loyal

accessibilityaccessible

legal legality

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A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

distribution

promotion

VERB + t ion (s ion )= NOUN

VERB ...t ion(sion)(NOUN)

abortionabort

distribute

promote

admissionadmit

construct construction

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A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

blender

lender

VERB + er= NOUN

VERB ...er(NOUN)

announcerannounce

blend

lend

publisherpublish

convert converter

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A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

contractor

connector

VERB + or = NOUN

VERB ...or(NOUN)

distributordistribute

contract

connect

motivatormotivate

create creator

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A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

announcement

management

VERB + ment = NOUN

VERB ...ment(NOUN)

developmentdevelop

announce

manage

arrangementarrange

settle settlement

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A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

accessible

accountable

VERB + able (...ib le)= ADJECTIVE

VERB ...able(ible)(ADJECTIVE)

acceptableaccept

access

account

debatabledebate

read readable

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A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

creative

attractive

VERB + ive (ative)= ADJECTIVE

VERB ...ive(ative)(ADJECTIVE)

activeact

create

attract

offensiveoffend

permit permissive

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A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

certainly

frequently

ADJECTIVE + ly= ADVERB

ADJECTIVE ...ly(ADVERB)

absolutelyabsolute

certain

frequent

creativelycreative

offensive offensively

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B. Prefixes (Ind: Awalan)

unavailable

unreadable

Un-

unableable

available

readable

unseenseen

born unborn

Meaning: the opposite of, the absence of, notAdded to: adjectives and participles

Un-

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B. Prefixes (Ind: Awalan)

nonconformist

nonperishable

Non-

nonsmokersmoker

conformist

perishable

non-economiceconomic

trivially nontrivially

Meaning: notAdded to: nouns, adjectives, adverbs

Non-

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B. Prefixes (Ind: Awalan)

Immovable

Irresponsible

In-IM, IR, IL

Illogicallogical

movable

responsible

Irrationalrational

polite Impolite

Meaning: notAdded to: adjectives

In -