english course guide[1]

7/26/2019 English Course Guide[1]

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English Course | Professor: Uriel Lpez S.

The indefinite article a/an

Use: We use a or an before singular nouns

We use a before consonant soundsExample: He is a doctor

We use an before a vowel soundsExample: He is an engineer

I. Fill in a or an as in the example

a. _an appleb. ___ carc. ___ umbrellad. ___ chaire. ___ girl

f. ___aeroplaneg. ___ rabbith. ___ cakei. ___ orange

j. ___ hat

k. ___ pencill. ___elephantm. ___ computern. ___artisto. ___cell phone

Basic questions

What...? Where...? When...? How...? Who...? Which...? Why...?

The verb to be present simple

Positive Negative InterrogativeI am (Im) I am not (Im not) Am I...?

You are (youre) You are not (You arent) Are you...?He is (Hes) He is not (He isnt) Is he...?

She is (Shes) She is not (She isnt) Is she...?It is (Its) It is not (It isnt) Is it...?

We are (Were) We are not (we arent) Are we...?

They are (Theyre) They are not (They arent) Are they...?

I. Listen and fill in the words, then answer the questions and finally read aloud

HI!

Hi! My names Billy. Welcome to my homepage. ____ m thirteen years old and I ___ a student. Im from America. My favouritesport is tennis. My favourite ____ is Sunday.

These are my friends Diana and Toby. They are eleven years old and they are _____ Canada. Their favourite sport is baseball and _____ favourite day is Monday.

This is Lyn ____ is my best friend. She ____ fifteen years old and shes from Britain. Her favourite ______ is swimming. Herfavourite day is _____.

What about you?What is your favourite day?

What is your favourite sport?Who are your friends?


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II. Write your homepage. Use Billys homepage as a model.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

III. Listen and repeat, then answer the questions.

HI FRIENDS!

Hello! Im Fergus and Im from Edinburg, Scotland. Im forty years old. Im musician. Im not married. My favourite sport is golf.

This is Diego and this is Marco. Theyre friends and theyre form Brazil. Diego is thirty-five years old and Marco is twenty-sevenyears old. They are farmers. Diegos favourite sport is football and Marcos favourite sport is basketball.

This is Carlos and this is Rosa. Theyre friends and theyre from Spain. Carlos is twenty-two years old and Rosa is twenty yearsold. Theyre are dancers. His favourite sport is football and her favourite sport is tennis.

Hi there! Im Veena from New Delhi. Its in India. Im twelve years old and Im student at an English boarding-school inManchester. My favourite sport is volleyball.

Where is Fergus from?Whats his job?How old is Diego?

Whats his favourite sport?Where are Carlos and Rosa from?How old is Carlos?

How old is Rosa?Where is Veena from?Whats her favourite sport?

Plurals

Most nouns take s in the pluralExamples: chair chair s book book s

Nouns ending in ss, s, sh , ch takes es in the pluralExamples: address addresses bus buses

brush brushes bench benches

I. Change next words into the plurala. watch..............................b. cloud...............................

c. spy..................................d. dish.................................

e. glass...............................f. cherry.............................

There is/There are

Singular PluralThere is a/an... Affirmative There are some...There isnt a/an Negative There arent any...Is there a/an...? Interrogative Are there any...?

Yes there isNo there isnt

Short answersYes there areNo there isnt


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Use:We use there is in the singular

Example: There is a fridge in the kitchenWe use there are in the plural

Example: There are two beds in the bedroom

We use some in the plural in the affirmativeExample: There are some chairs in the kitchen

We use any in the plural in the negative and interrogativeExample: There arent any chairs in the kitchen

Are there any chairs in the kitchen?

I. Fill in a , an , some , or any .a. There are ............. flowers in the vaseb. Are there ............. shops near your house?c. Is there.............. park near here?d. There isnt ............ bag in the tablee. There arent .......... pencils on the table

f. Are there........... good restaurants near here?g. Theres............ armchair in the living roomh. There are........... cushions on the sofai. Are there.......... books on the desk?

j. There arent........... towels in the bathroom

Prepositions of place

in on under behind In front of near between next toon the

right

on the

left

I. Look at the picture and fill in the correct prepositiona. There is a bed................................................... the lamps.b. There are some pillows........................................ the bed.c. There is a door................................................... the lamp.d. There is a bed................................................ the window.e. There is a big window.......................................... the bed.f. There are two lamps............................................ the bed.g. There is a big bed........................................ the bedroom.h. There are some lamps.................... the bedside cabinets.i. There is a bedside cabinet................................ the lamp.

Have got/Has got

Use: We use have got/has got to express possession.

Affirmative NegativeI/you/we/they have got (ve got )

he/she/it has got (s got )I/you/we/they havent got

he/she/it hasnt got

Affirmative: + have/has got + complement

Examples: I have got brown eyesHe has got grey eyes

Negative: + havent/hasnt got + complementExamples: You have got black hair

She has got blonde hair

Interrogative: Have/Has + + got + complement? Examples: Have they got a car?

Has he got a motorbike?

Short answers: Yes, have/has

No, havent/hasnt


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I. Listen and repeat the Dialogues and answer the sentences Yes or No. Then, in pairs, read out the dialogues.

FAMILY RELATIONS

Emily: Whos this, Lyn?Lyn: Which one?Emily: The boy with the short brown hair and glasses.Lyn: Oh. Thats my brother Brains.

Emily: Brains? Thats a funny name.Lyn: Its not his real name, its his nickname.Emily: Why do you call him Brains?Lyn: Because hes very clever.Emily: Oh, I see.

John: Whos that woman in the picture, Lyn?Lyn: Which one?John: The one with the blonde hair.Lyn: Thats my aunt.John: Shes beautiful! Is she married?

Lyn: Yes, shes my fathers brothers wife.John: Has got any children?Lyn: Yes, Shes got a son.John: What does he look like?Lyn: Hes short, whit blond hair and blue eyes.John: Has he got any brothers or sisters?Lyn: No. Hes an only child.

Chris: This a lovely picture of you, Lyn. Whos thatwoman with you?

Lyn: Which one?Chris: The one with the dark brown wavy hair.Lyn: Oh, thats my mother.Chris: Wow! Shes real pretty!Lyn: Thanks.Chris: Is that your father?Lyn: Yes, His name is Bob.Chris: Whats he likes?Lyn: Hes kind and friendly.Chris: Hes handsome too.

Brains is his real name _____Brains is very clever _____Lyns aunt isnt married _____Michael has got two sisters _____Lyns mother is really pretty _____

II. Look at Lyns family tree, then fill in the names of the people

Lyns grandfather: ___________Lyns grandmother: ___________Lyns father: ___________Lyns mother: ___________Lyns uncle: ___________Lyns aunt: ___________Lyns brother: ___________Lyns sister: ___________Lyns cousin: ___________

III. Now, answer the questionsWho is an only child?Who are Lyns parents?Who are Lyns grandparents?Who is Angelas son?Who is Tonys wife? Who is Carols husband?Who are Angelas daughters?Whose nickname is Brains?


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I. Listen and read the article and answer the questions.

FAMILY LIFE

The world is full of people. Some things about us are the same, while others things can be very different. But we are allwonderful! Some people are short and thin, and some people are tall and fat! Our eyes can be many beautiful shades of blue,green or brown. And hair is another story! It can be blonde, brown, red, black, grey or white. Our families can be quite differentas well. Some are large, some are small. But all of them are special!

Ana is eight years old and shes from Brazil. There are four people in my family: m y father, my mother, mybrother and me. Im form a community. A community is a place where many families live and work together; thecommunity has got 200 houses and one school with about 100 students.

Lucy is form the USA. She is ten years old. I have a very small family. Ive got a mum and dad, but I havent got anybrothers or sisters, Im an only child, but I have lots of cousins I can play with!

Amfana is seven years old and he is form Africa. Hes got a big family, with a mother, a father, grandparents andlots of brothers and sisters. Hes got a lot of aunts, uncles and cousins, too. In his village, all the women are called`mother, all the men are called `father and all the children are called `brother or `sister. Amfana has a very big

family!

What colour eyes have people got?What colour hair have people got?What is a community?

How old is Ana?Has Lucy got any brothers or sisters?What kind of family has Amfana got?

Whos/Whose

Whos ...? = Who is ...?Example: Whos Lisa?

Whose ...? Is used to ask the possessor of something Example: Whose is this ball?

Can

Use: We use can to express ability or a polite request

Affirmative: + can + verb + complement

Example: I can play guitar very well

Negative: + cant + verb + complementExample: You cant speak French

Interrogative: Can + + verb + complement? Example: Can you read fast?

Short answers: Yes, can

No, cant

Likes and dislikes

love like dont like hate x x x x

Example: I love go to the cinema but I dont like go to the theatre.
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I. Listen and read the advertisements for pen-friends and answer the questions.

A FRIEND IN NEED IS A FRIEND INDEED

Hello. My names Pierre and Im seventeen years old. I live in Paris, France. I have got short straight dark hair and brown eyes.Im quite tall and slim. I love playing computer games and I can play tennis very well. I like reading too. Please e-mail me today.

Hi! My name is Anna and I am eleven years old. I live in Moscow, Russia. I have got long straight fair hair and green eyes. Imquite short and I like skiing. I can play the piano quite well. Please be my e-mail pen pal.

Hi! My names Mario and Im twenty-six years old. I live in Florence, Italy. Im tall and well-built with brown, wavy hair andbrown eyes. I like playing the guitar and I love dancing. I can speak French too. Hope to hear from you soon.

What can Pierre do?How old is Mario?

Who has got brown eyes?Who is tall and well-built?

Is Marios hair curly?What can Anna do?

Personal pronouns and possessive adjectives

Subject pronouns I you he she it we you theyObject pronouns me your his her it us you them

Possessive adjectives my your his her its our your theirPossessive pronouns mine yours his hers --- ours yours theirs

Use:Subject pronouns go before verbs as their subjects

Example: She is a dentistObject pronouns go after verbs as their objects

Example: Look at her . She is Sandra

Possessive adjectives come before a nounExample: Its my dog

Possessive pronouns dont take a noun after themExample: Its mine (NOT: Its mine book)

Present simple

Affirmative: + verb (-s/-es) + complement

Examples: I live in Montreal CanadaHe lives in Montreal Canada

Negative: + dont/doesnt + verb + complementExamples: You dont live in Montreal Canada

She doesnt live in Montreal Canada

Interrogative: Do/Does + + verb +complement? Examples: Do you live in Montreal Canada?

Does he live in Montreal Canada?

Short answers: Yes, do/does

No, dont/doesnt

SpellingMost verbs take s in the affirmative in the third person

Example: I live he lives Most verbs ending in ss, -sh , -ch, -x and o take es

Example: I finish he finish esVerbs ending in a consonant + y drop the y and take ies

Example: I study he stud ies

Use:We use present simple for permanent states and dailyroutines

Examples: He lives in Madrid (Permanent state)I go to the cinema on Sundays (routine)


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I. Listen and Read Tonys letter and answer the questions below.

LIKE FATHER LIKE SON

Dear Pierre,

Im Tony Phillips and Im seventeen years old. Im a student and I live Montreal, Canada. Im tall and slim with shortdark hair and brown eyes. There are seven of us in our family; my grandparents, Steve and Sally, my parents, Joe and Kate, my

sister, Liz, aged nine, my brother, Leo, aged six and of course, me. My father is a surgeon, he works at local hospital and mymother is a teacher in a primary school. We live in a big house about twenty minutes from the city centre.

In my free time, I love playing computer games and listening rock music. Im MTV maniac. My favourite group isGuns`nRoses. Do you like them? I also like going to the cinema. I go the cinema every Saturday. I dont like going to the theatre,though.

Well thats all about me. Write back and tell me about yourself.

Best wishes,Tony

What does tony look like?

What is his mother job?Where is Tonys house?

What does Tony like doing?

What does Tony not like doing?How does letter start/finishes?

II. Use Tonys letter as a model to write a letter to your pen-friend.

Dear _____________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Best wishes _______________

III. Complete the table, and then look at your notes and talk about Tony.

Full name:Age/OccupationCity/Country:Appearance:Family members:Home:Likes/loves:

Tony Phillips is seventeen years old...


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IV. Listen and Read the next dialogues, then in pair, read out the dialogues, finally answer the questions.

WHAT DO YOU DO?

Sue: Whos that man?Mary: Which one?Sue: The one is drinking cola.Mary: Thats Bill. Hes the Art teacher.

Sue: Oh, and whos that woman with him?Mary: Thats Anita.Sue: What does she do?Mary: Shes the Drama teacher.Sue: Where is she from?Mary: Brazil. Come on! Lets introduce ourselves.Sue: Okay. After you.

Laura: Hello. Im Laura. Laura Newton.Dave: Hi, Laura. My names Dave. How can I help you?

Laura: Im looking for the Art room.Dave: Its this way. Come on.Laura: Thanks.Dave: It is your first time here?Laura: Yes, it is.Dave: Are you student in St George s?Laura: Yes, I am, but I have a part-time job at weekends.Dave: Really? What do you do?Laura: I work in a supermarket.Dave: Dont you mind working on Saturdays?Laura: Not really.

Steve: Hey, Kate! Were going sailing. Fancy joining us?Kate: Sorry, I cant.Steve: Why not?Kate: Im waiting for Alan.Steve: Where is he?Kate: Hes flying the camp helicopter at the moment.Steve: Oh, right. Are you going horse ridding later?Kate: Yes. See you then.Steve: OK. Bye.

Who is Bill?Who is Anita?Where is Anita from?Who works in a supermarket?Why Kate arent going sailing with Steve?What is Alan doing at the moment?


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Whats the time?/What time is it?

6:00 2:30 1:15 3:45 6:20 8:40six oclock half past two (a) quarter past one (a) quarter to four twenty past six twenty to eight

six two thirty one fifteen three forty-five six twenty eight forty

I. Write the times as in the example

a. 5:00 am = ..... five oclock in the morning.....b. 7:00 pm =..................................................... c. 2:00 am =..................................................... d. 10:00 pm =................................................... e. 8:30 am =.....................................................

f. 9:15 pm =..................................................... g. 4:45 pm =..................................................... h. 7:20 am =..................................................... i. 3:40 pm =.....................................................

j. 6:37 pm =.....................................................

Adverbs of frequency

never rarely/hardly ever sometimes/occasionally often usually always0% 10% 25% 50% 75% 100%

Use: We use adverbs of frequency to tell how often something happens.

Adverbs of frequency usually come before the main verb, but after , the verb to beExamples: I usually go to the cinema.

I am rarely late for school

I. Listen and read the article.

A REAL-LIFE PERSON

You could say that Alain Pepin leads a double life. In the morning he works in a surveying office, doing clerical work, but in theafternoons and at weekends he does something much more exciting he is an underwater stuntman. In this weeks article hetell us what a typical summer day in his life is like.What time do you get up?A typical summer day for me starts at 7 am. I have breakfast and ride my bike to work. I start work at 8 am. I spend all morning infront of my computer working until lunchtime.What do you do after work?Well, I leave the office at 1 pm and have lunch. If the weather is fine, I pack my equipment and set off to the location of thestunt. When I get there, I set up the equipment and get into the water. This is when the fun starts. I move about in and under thewater in a wetsuit and helmet performing tricks. Its quite tiring tough, because each stunt is different and takes a differentlength of time. A photo shoot usually takes a long time to complete because everything has to be perfect.What do you do when you are not diving? I enjoy going water-skiing, kayaking and snorkelling, I spend most of my spare time, however, planning, practising and trainingfor my stunts.How do you like working underwater?I love it. It can be a bit boring in the winter, though, when the weather is cold. It is difficult to get a swimming pool all to myselfso I can practise. But when Im diving, I really enjoy it. Every time I come home after work, I feel full of energy and I have a greatsense of achievement.


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Prepositions

at on insix oclock

the weekendnightnoon

midnight

Friday(s)Sunday morning(s)

2 August3 may, 1998

MarchSpring, Summer, etc.

Themorning/evening/afternoon

2007

II. Listen and read the article, then answer the questions.

PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD

Hello, people of Thailand!Whatever country we come from, whatever colour our skin is, we all have one thing in common: we are all people of the world.

Thailand is a beautiful country with a rich culture, just south of China. People call it the jewel of south -east Asia for a goodreason. Its tropical climate, white sandy beaches and ancient temples make it perfect holiday destination. What makes it reallyspecial, though, is it people. Thai people are good-looking. They are short with delicate features. They have got black hair, darkeyes and light brown skin. The Thais are friend ly people who are well known for being generous and kind. We are a happypeople who have strong wills and are especially proud of our history, says Kasem from Bangkok. Most people in Thailand live in villages. A typical Thai village consist of wooden houses, a school and a Buddhist temple. Most ofpeople in the villages are farmers and fishermen. The men usually work in the fields or catch fish in the rivers, and the womenplant the crops.Family life is very important in Thailand, and families often eat together. Thai food is very spicy and includes curries, fish,seafood, soups and noodles. We eat rice with our meals and use a lot of strong spices in our cooking, explains Kasem. Thai people love to enjoy themselves. Popular free-time activities include Thai boxing and watching traditional dance shows.Thais also celebrate many festivals throughout the year. My favourite holiday is Surin, In November, when we always haveelephant football matches, says Kasem. Thailand is a wonderful country, its fascinating sights, rich cultural history and warm-hearted people make it unique.

Where is Thailand?What do Thais look like?What are they like?

Where do they live?What do their villages consist of?What do the people do?

What do they love eating?What do they do in their free time?

Present continuous

Use: We use present continuous for actions which happen at the same time to speak. Examples: He is writing a letter for his girlfriend at the moment.

Affirmative: + verb to be + verb(- ing) + complementExample: I am living with my grandfather now.

Negative: + verb to be + not + verb(- ing) + complementExamples: He isnt eating an ice-cream right now.

Interrogative: verb to be + + verb(- ing) +complement? Examples: Are you studying for the exam?

Short answers: Yes, verb to be

No, verb to be + not


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I. Fill in with present simple or present continuous with the verbs in brackets.

a. Nick sometimes................................. (work) long hours.b. I............................................................ (have) lunh now.c. Mother................................ (make) the beds every day.d. It often............................................... (snow) in January.e. We................ (decorate) the Chritsmas tree every year.

f. The man......................................... (feed) the lions now.g. She.............................. (go) to the cinema twice a week.h. They...................... (drive) to the beach every Saturday.i. Diane........................... (listen) to music at the moment.

j. My sister............................. (clean) her room right now.

How much/how many a little/a few

We use how much and a little with countable nouns We use how many and a few with uncountable nouns Example: How much sugar is there? A little Example: How many bananas do you need?

Some any

We use some in the affirmative. We also use some in theinterrogative form for offers or request.

Examples: There is some milk in the fridgeWould you like some coffee?

We use any in the negative and interrogative form.Examples: Is there any milk in the fridge?

There isnt any coffee on the cabinet.

I. Say which nouns are countable and which are uncountable , then fill in a/an or some .

a. ............ honeyb. ............ tomatoesc. ............ sandwichd. ............ jame. ............ cherriesf. ............ eggg. ............ flour

h. ............ salti. ............ water

j. ............ beersk. ............ coffeel. ............ applem. ............ sugarn. ............ rice

o. ............ bottle of winep. ............ cheeseq. ............ butterr. ............ pineapples. ............ milkt. ............ a cup of teau. ............ bread

v. ............ loaf of breadw. ............ bowl of soapx. ............ carton of milky. ............ slice of

cheesez. ............ oliveaa. ............ olive

II. Study the next conversation, then in pairs repeat the dialogue

W: Good evening sir. Table for two?M: Yes, please.W: This way, please.M: Thank you.W: Would you like to look at the menu.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .W: May I take your order, please?M: Yes. To start with I would like the tomato soup.L: Tomato soup for me, too.

W: Certainly. And for the main course?M: Id like grilled fish.L: And the roast chicken for me, please.W: Im so sorry, madam. Theres no more roast chicken

tonight.L: Oh. Can I have a pepper steak, then?W: Of course. Would you like something to drink?M: Just some water, please.W: Very well. Would you like to order your desert now?

M: Yes. Id like the pie.L: Have you got any strawberries?W: Im sorry, we havent. would you like something else

instead?L. Just some ice-cream, please.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L: How is your fish?M: Delicious. What about the steak?L: A bit tough, but the sauce is nice.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .W: Is everything all right?L: Yes, thank you.M: Can we have the bill, please?W: Of course, sir. One moment, please.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .W: Excuse me, what is your form to pay?M: Credit card.W: Thanks. Here you are and come back soon.


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I. Listen the story and fill in: and , but , when , then or so .

THE TREASURE

Simon Dalton sat miserably at the kitchen table with his parents. It was themiddle of August and it was very hot. They all wanted to go on holiday 1) ................ they

just couldnt afford it.

Simon finished his breakfast, 2).................. he went into the garden. Buster, hisdog, followed him happily. Simon lay on the grass. He felt bored. He looked around thegarden for something to do. Suddenly, he had an idea. Come on, Buster! Let s plant sometrees. Simon took a spade form the garden shed 3).......... started digging.

Suddenly, his spade hit something hard. It was the top of a small wooden chest.He kept digging until he could pull the chest out. He tried to open it but it was locked,

4)............ he use his spade to break the old padlock. 5).......... he opened the chest he couldnt believe his eyes. The chest was fullof ancient coins. Mum! Dad! he shouted loudly. Come and see! It looks like treasure! It is, his dad replied. Its silver!

The Daltons took the treasure to the local museum and they were delighted to receive a reward. Simon was in the allnewspapers and they even interviewed him on TV.

A week later, Simon was on a sandy beach in Florida. His idea of planting trees in the back garden wasnt such a badone, after all! He looked at his parents and smiled happily. This was going to be a great holiday.

II. Read the story again and out the sentences into the correct order, and then use the sentences to retell the story.

____ They received a reward. ____ Simon went into the garden. ____ He pulled a chest out the hole. ____ Simon ate breakfast. ____ He broke the padlock. ____ Simon started digging.

____ The Daltons took the chest to the localmuseum

____ His spade hit something hard. ____ The chest was full of ancient coins. ____ They went to Florida.

I. Listen a read the next dialogues. Then read out the dialogues in pairs.

THEN AND NOW

Ann: Why are the people in this painting wearing red jackets?

Ted: Oh, in those days, people used to go hunting and those are the clothes they wore.Ann: What did they hunt?Ted: Foxes. In the past foxhunting was a popular sport, but the hunts themselves were social occasions, too.Ann: Really? You mean thats what people did for fun?Ted: Yes, but not only that. They used to go for walks and picnics by the rivers.Ann: That sounds quite boring, though.Ted: Perhaps to you, because youre used to playing on your computer or rollerblading in the park.Ann: Yeah. Im glad I wasnt around then.
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Linda: So, Danny, could you tell me a little about yourself? Were you born in London?Danny: No, I was born in Cumbria, but we moved to London when I was twelve years old.Linda: Did you have a happy childhood?Danny: Oh yes! We didnt have much money then, but we had some great times. We lived in a small village and every weekend

we went camping by the lake.Linda: How do you spend your weekends now?Danny: Working in the studio. When I have some free time, though, I go jet-skiing. I really enjoy it.Linda: Isnt it dangerous?

Danny: Yes it is. But I love every minute of it.-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Bill: Is that a new painting? Seventeenth century, isnt it? Tim: Yes, I bought it last week. Its not an original, though!Bill: Can you imagine live in those days?Tim: Yes, Im sure life was tough without electricity, telephones, washing machines...Bill: And I bet it used to take days just to travel form one place to another.Tim: Yeah, imagine-no cars, trains or planes, just coaches.Bill: At least there was no pollution in those days.Tim: Thats true. Rivers were clean, and the air was pure.Bill: You know, maybe life wasnt so back then, after all!

Past continuous

Affirmative: + was/were + verb(- ing) + complement

Example: I was playing soccer when began rain.

Negative: + wasnt/werent + verb(- ing) + complementExamples: He wasnt studying for his exam.

Interrogative: Was/Were + + verb(- ing) +complement? Examples: Were you studying for the exam?

Short answers: Yes, was/were

No, wasnt/werent

Use:

We use past continuous for a past action in progress interrupted by another past action. The longer action in the pastcontinuous, the shorter action is in the past simple.

Examples: I was cooking dinner when the phone rang .We use past continuous for two o more simultaneous past actions of certain duration.

Examples: I was riding my bicycle while my sister was playing in the sandbox.We use past continuous for background description to events in a story.

Examples: As she was running in the marathon, people were cheering enthusiastically.

I. Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or the past continuous .

a. It was cold on Sunday night, so we.............................................................. (light) a fire.

b. I met Ann while I................................................................................. (do) the shopping.c. The sun....................................................... (shine) when John woke up at the morning.d. He...................................................................... (read) a book when the lights went out.e. They........................................................................... (clean) the house when he called.f. She..................................................... (break) the computer when she tried to move it.g. Steve............................................................... (help) me with my homework last night.h. The man.............................. (wear) an expensive suit and had a beard and moustache.i. She.................................................................. (play) the piano when the doorbell rang.


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II. Listen a read the next dialogues. Then read out the dialogues in pairs.

WHAT A DAY!

Helen: Paul, I heard your house burnt down. Im so sorry! How did start?Paul: Well, when I was reading a newspaper, my wife was doing the hovering and Lyn was talking on the phone.Helen: A normal afternoon, then?Paul: Yes. Then my son Tom came home with his pop group friends, and they wanted to practise.

Helen: I think I can guess what happened.Paul: Yes. He plugged in his electric guitar and... bang! the fire started.Helen: How shocking!

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Kaye: Do you know what Sarah did yesterday?Don: I have no idea.Kaye: Well, she was getting ready to bath her little daughter. She was running the bath when the phone rang, so she went to

answer it.Don: Yes, and...?Kaye: And it was her sister. So, they talked for ages.Don: Mm-hmm...

Kaye: But Sarah didnt realise that the water was still running in the bathroom.Don: Oh, no!Kaye: Oh, yes! She flooded her bathroom!Don: What a silly thing to do!

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Jessie: Adam! Look at you! You re soaking wet! What happened?Adam: David and I were finished when I slipped on a rock.Jessie: Oh, no! And you fell onto the water?Adam: No, I landed in the mud.Jessie: But how did you get wet?Adam: Well, as I was getting out of the mud, I slipped again.Jessie: Ah, so then you fell into the river.Adam: Yes, but at least Im not muddy now.

Can/cant must/mustnt should/shouldnt need/neednt

We use can to give permission. Example: You can watch TVWe use cant to refuse permission. Example: You cant keep pets in your room

We use must to express obligation. Example: You must clean your room.We use mustnt to express prohibition. Example: You mustnt smoke in hospitals.

We use should to say what the right/best to do is. Example: You should use public transport.We use shouldnt to say what isnt the right/best to do is. Example: You shouldnt eat much candies.

We use need to express necessity. Example: You need buy a ticket to enter the stadium.We use neednt to express that something its not necessary. Example: You neednt wash my car. Ill do it.


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Future simple (Will)

Use: We use will to make predictions or en spot decisions.

Affirmative: + will+ verb + complement

Example: I will eat soup first, then steak and chips.

Negative: + wont + verb + complementExample: You wont a good doctor if you dont study hard.

Interrogative: Will + + verb + complement? Example: Will she be a vet?

Short answers: Yes, will

No, wont

Future (be going to)

Use: We use be going to to talk about future plans and intentions. Also predictions based on evidence in the present.

Affirmative: + verb to be + going to + verb +

complementExample: I am going to move house.

Negative: + verb to be + not + going to + verb +complement

Examples: He isnt going to go to the party.

Interrogative: verb to be + + going to + verb+complement?

Examples: Are you going to visit your grandmother?


No, verb to be + no t

Present continuous (future)

Use: We use present continuous to talk about fixed future arrangements. (Also for actions that happen at the moment to speak).

Affirmative: + verb to be + verb(- ing) + complement

Example: He is flying to Spain tomorrow at 9 oclock.

Negative: + verb to be + not + verb(- ing) + complementExamples: He isnt flying to Paris tomorrow.

Interrogative: verb to be + + verb(- ing) +complement? Examples: Are you flying to Paris tomorrow?


No, verb to be + no t

I. Read Jennys letter and answer the questions.

TIME WILL TELLDear Sarah

Ive got some great news. Richard and I are going on holiday fore a whole month. Guess where-Hawaii!

Were leaving in 1st

June. We both love swimming, so were going to stay a fabulous hotel right next to beach. Im goingto relax much as possible because Im quite tired after working hard all this year.

Were coming back from our holidays on 30 th June. And Ive got lots of plans for the rest of the summer. First, Im goingto work at a caf because I want to earn some extra money and buy a new car. Im also going to join a gym to lose weight.Finally, I want to find abetter job in autumn, so Im going to start a computer course.

Oh , I nearly forgot! On 16 th August were having a garden party to celebrate Richards birthday. Please try to come.Youre welcome to spend the night here. Well, thats all for now. Hope to see you soon.

Love, Jenny


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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jan: Franco? Hi its Jan here. Im calling from England.Franco: Hi, Jan! Whats up? You havent changed your mind, have you?Jan: No way! Its just that were packing at the moment, and we arent sure what clothe to bring. Whats the

weather like over there?Franco: Well, its been cloudy for the last few days, but the forecast says its going to get hot soon.Jan: Okay so Ill pack T-shirts and shorts.

Franco: Yeah... but remember, it can get quite chilly in the evenings, so bring a couple of jumpers, too.Jan: Okay. Thanks. See you soon.Franco: Bye.

Present perfect

Use: We use present perfect to talk about an action which happened in the past, without saying when it happened.

Affirmative: + have/has + verb (past participle) + comp.

Examples: I have been in Washington D.C.He hasnt visited Paris.

Negative: + havent/hasnt + verb (past participle) + comp.Examples: You havent lived in Guatemala.

She hasnt won any prize at school.

Interrogative: Have/Has + + verb (present) + complement? Examples: Have you gone to Six Flags?

Has he visited the White House?

Short answers: Yes, have/has

No, havent/hasnt

Note (review): We use the past simple to talk about a past action which happened at definite time in the past.Time adverbs used in past simple : yesterday, two/three days/months/years ago, last week/month/year.Time adverbs used in present perfect : ever, just, yet, already, since, for.

Ever never

We use ever in questions and statements. Examples: Have you ever visited Brazil?. Ive ever visited.We use never in statements. Example: Ive never visited USA.

Already Yet Just

We use already in positive statements. We use yet in negative and questions.Example: Have you packet your suitcase yet ? No, I havent packet it yet .

Yes, Ive already packet it.

We use just in statements to show an action finished only a few minutes earlier.Example: Have you packet your suitcase yet? Yes, Ive just packet it.

For Since

We use for to express duration. Example: Ive been here for five days.We use since to state a starting point. Example: Ive been here since Monday.


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I. Listen a read the next dialogues. Then read out the dialogues in pairs.

HAVE YOU EVER...?

Pat: Have you ever seen sea turtles, Josh?Josh: Yes, but Ive never seen such a big one.Pat: Hey! What are you doing?Josh: I want to touch it.

Pat: Be careful. Youre wearing your watch.Josh: Its OK. Look! The turtle is coming. (SPLASH!) Oh no!Pat: Whats the matter?Josh: It tried to eat my finger.Pat: It probably thought you were a fish.Josh: Very funny.

Bill: Judy, look! The sea World firework display has just started.Judy: Its marvellous. Lets take some pictures. Oh no!

Bill: Whats the matter, Judy?Judy: Has anyone seen my handbag? I cant find it.Bill: What does it look like?Judy: You know-its blue canvas with leather straps.Bill: Whats in it? Anything important?Judy: Yes, my camera and my leather wallet.Bill: Have you looked under the table?Judy: Yes, Ive already checked. Its not there.Bill: Lets have a better look... What is hanging on the back of the chair under your coat?Judy: My handbag! What a relief!

Dave: How was your trip to the USA, Alice?Alice: It was fantastic. We had a great time, thanks.Dave: What was it like?Alice: It was out of his world. Here! Take a look at the photos.Dave: Wow! Did you really go on the rollercoaster?Alice: Yes, it was a great? Havent you ever been on rollercoaster?Dave: Yes, but that was years ago.Alice: you know what you should do?Dave: What?Alice: Get a ticket to Sea World as soon as you can.Dave: I think you are right. I havent been on holiday for years.Alice: Well! Heres your chance.


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II. Jack went on holyday to Cairo. Read the sentences, then listen to the letter Jack sent to his friend and mark the sentences as T (true) or F (false).

TAKE A BREAK

1. I have already visited the Khan al-Khalili bazaar. _____2. I havent seen the Pyramids or the Sphinx. _____3. Ive been to a traditional restaurant. _____

4. Ive been on a boat trip down the River Nile. _____5. I havent visited the Egyptian Museum. _____

Dear Terry,

Greetings from Cairo! The weather is very hot here and Im having a wonderful time, Im staying with my friend,Abdullah. He lives in the centre of Cairo,

Ive been here since Monday and Ive already done lots of things! Ive already visited the Khan al-Khalili bazaar. Wevisited it on Tuesday. You cant imagine how noisy and crowded it was! I bought some lovely handmade souvenirs there. I havealso seen the Pyramids and the Sphinx of Giza. I saw them yesterday. They were amazing. I even rode a camel. It was fun! Ivebeen on a traditional restaurant. Abdullah took me there last night. I tried couscous and falafel. The place was fantastic and the

food was just delicious.There are lot of things I havent done yet, I havent been on a boat trip down the River Nile yet, and I havent visited the

Egyptian Museum. We are going on a boat trip tomorrow and we are going to visit the museum one of these days to see theexhibits. We are also going to visit Luxor. The place is famous for its huge temples and statues.

Cairo is a Fascinating city-you must visit it one day! Anyway, Im returning to England on Sunday next week, so Ill callyou then.

Best wishes,Jack

III. Read the letter again and answer the questions

a. Where is Jack?b. What is the weather like there?c. Who is Jack staying with?d. How long has Jack been there?e. What did Jack do on Tuesday?

f. What did he do yesterday?g. What hasnt he done yet?h. What is he going to do before he leaves?i. When is he returning to England?

j. What does he think of the place?


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I. Listen and read the article. Then give your opinion about the changes in life style along the time.

CITIZENS 2050

Can you imagine what our lives will be like in the year 2050? Perhaps you will be flying off for a holiday on the moon, or maybe youwill be taking your dog for a walk in virtual reality. We recently carried out a survey of 1000 people from different countries to findout what they think life will be like in the future. The results clearly demonstrate both our hopes and fears.

The survey suggests that friendship one of the most important human relations ships will have changed dramatically. People will make friends trough the Internet. What ismore, a large number of people will even come across their future husbands or wives inthis way! Computers will have become absolutely essential by 2050. Even now, somepeople describe them as their best fiend! Others, however, say that we will becomemuch more isolated from each other because we will have little real human contact.

Education will have changed a lot too, as more and more children will be using computers in schools, certain abilities, such as mentalarithmetic, wont be necessary since there will be computer programs for most calculations. Even writing by hand will have becomea thing of the past.

According to the survey, home life will be better. Most people believe that by 2050robots will be doing the housework and we will be eating ready-made food a lot ofpeople think that we might only cook for fun in the future.

Space exploration will become increasingly popular. Fifty per cent of the people wetalked to believe that man will regularly visit Mars. They also believe that travel on ourown planet will probably change. Almost everyone thinks that there will be no cars inthe city centres. Some even think that environmentally-friendly electric or solar poweredcars will have replaced the cars we use nowadays.

Pollution is something that seems to worry many people. Some fear that it will continue to get worse, and that our planet willbecome impossible to live on. Others even foresee that one day well have to pay for clean air just like we do now for clean water.

On the other hand, people seem to be quiet optimistic about the benefits of genetic engineering, as they think scientists will use it tocure diseases like cancer and AIDS. If scientists manage to find a cure for these, well have a much healthier society.

Some people worry about the future, while others are full of hope and enthusiasm. No matter how dark or bright it may seem, it isup to us to look after our planet and try to make it a better place to live.
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VocabularyColoursRedBlueGreen

OrangeBrownBlackWhiteYellowPinkPurpleBurgundyGreySilverGolden

BeigeNavy blueVioletLight greenDark blue

Countries and nationalitiesSpain SpanishBrazil Brazilian

Japan JapaneseCanada CanadianArgentina ArgentineanThe USA AmericanMexico MexicanGreece GreekFinland FinnishTurkey TurkishEngland EnglishItaly ItalianEgypt Egyptian

Poland PolishFrance FrenchPortugal PortugueseGermany GermanChina Chinese

SportsSoccerFootballGymnastics

BasketballTennisBaseballAthleticsClimbingWrestlingSnowboardingRunningJoggingTae Kwon Do

JobsPilotPolicemanDoctorTeacherPostmanFirefighterDentistFarmerNurseActor

EngineerArchitectSingerMusicianDancerCookWaitressWaiterVetArtistAstronaut

ManagerMechanicPlumberHouse workerNannyPriestScientistPresident

School SubjectMathematics (Maths)PhysicsChemistry

HistoryGeographyEnglishFrenchSpanishScienceArtMusicComputer studiesSport

Family RelationsFather (Dad)Mother (Mum)HusbandWifeSonDaughterTwinsSisterBrotherGrandfather

GrandmotherGrand daughterGrand sonAuntUncleNephewNieceCousinLaw fatherLaw motherSister in law

Brother in lawStepmotherStepfatherStepsonStepdaughterGodfatherGodmother

CharactersIntelligentCleverFriendly

MiserableShyNoisyFunnyBossyLazyResponsibleDecisiveEnergeticAmbitiousDetermined

CarefulMeanReservedSecretiveGenerousSensitiveSensibleStubbornUnreliableSelfishHelpful

CooperativeOutgoingActiveLoyalArrogantPoliteRudeForgetfulSelf-confidentAggressiveImaginative

Caring


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Furniture

KitchenCookerFridgeDishwasherSinkCupboards

DoorWindowFloorCurtains

Living roomSofaCushionFireplaceTableArmchair

CarpetPainting (picture)VaseLamp

Dining roomDining-tableChairsMirrorPlantWall

Main bedroomDouble bedPillowsWardrobeRugDressing-tableTelevision

Childs bedroomSingle bedBedside cabinetMatWardrobeBookcaseDeskLampTelephoneRadio

ChairPicture

BathroomShowerWashbasinBathToilet

TowelMirror

HouseGround floorFirst floorAtticGardenRoofChimneyStairs

Garage

Food

Meals/Snacks FishRoast chickenFried chickenPastaSoupGrilled fishSteakPrawnsLambJamBaconEggPizzaHamburgerChipsJacket potatoSandwichHot-dogTomato sauce

VegetablesGreen peppersCarrotsLettuceTomatoes

PotatoesOnionsGarlicCeleryRadishesMushroomsCucumberPeas

Green beans

FruitAppleOrangeTangerineLemonOlivesCherriesBananaStrawberries

GrapesWatermelonPeachPearPineappleCoconutMelonPapawGuavasPlumFig

VariousRiceCornWheatBreadCornflakesNutsButterFlourSugarSaltPepperVinegarOlive oilCheeseHoneySalad

DessertsChocolate cakeIce creamApple pieFruit saladCookies (biscuits)YogurtDoughnut

DrinksWaterApple juiceCoffeeTeaMilkCokeWineBeer

SeasonsSummerSpringAutumnWinter

WeatherColdCloudyWindyFreezing coldSnowyHotSunnyWarmWet

ClothesCapHatGlovesT-shirtBlouseShirtJumperJacketCoatWaistcoatDressSuit


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TieTracksuitSkirtTrousersJeansShortsSandalsBoots

ShoesSlippersTrainersUnder pantsUnder wearSwimming costume

Parts of the bodyHeadHairEar

EyeEyebrowNoseCheekMouthLipsTeethChinNeckShoulderArmHandFingerWaistKneeLegFootToe

Places and storesParkHotelSupermarketCinemaSports centreMuseumTrain stationBus stopRestaurantBank

CafPost officeHospitalFire stationPolice stationBookshopChemistsChurch

SubwayButcher shopPharmacyGas stationStallShoe shopGreengrocersNewsagentsToyshopFloristsBakery

GymGarageStreetAvenueBridgeTunnelRiverSea

AnimalsMammalsCowElephantSheepSealDolphinHorseDonkeyDogCatMonkeyTigerKoalaKangarooZebraDeerOxLionRabbitMouse

BirdsParrotPigeonOwlDuckPenguinsRoosterGen

ChickenGoose

ReptilesSnakeLizardTortoise (turtle)Crocodile

InsectsButterfly

FlyBeeLadybird

OthersBalloonUmbrellaBagPresent (gift)CameraComputerMagazineClockCompassKeyNotebookRubberPencilPenRulerBookBoardSharpenerSchoolbagBriefcaseMobile phoneGlassesBallGuitarPiano

DrumsBanjoElectric bassViolinHarmonicaHarpBusTrain

CarTaxiBikeMotorbikeHelicopterSubway (underground)RailwayPlaneTruckCartBoat

CamelDonkeysKnifeSpoonForkPlateCupGlassCartonBottleBowlFrying-panPotTin openerFood mixerToasterBroomRubbish cubKettleVacuum cleanerElectric heatherWashing machineIronCompact discRingEarringBraceletNecklaceCombToothbrush

english course guide[1]

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