engineering education challenges for latin america …source: andrés oppenheimer, basta de...

© Copyright 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.

Engineering Education Challenges for Latin America (and the World)GEDC Latin America – Monterrey, Mexico

Lueny Morell/ Aug 20, 2012

[email protected]

© Copyright 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.2

Gracias!


If you don’t like change, you are going to like irrelevance even less.General Eric Shinseki

Chief of Staff U.S. Army


Macro forces driving change worldwide and in Latin America

What do these forces mean for engineering education?

Current HP partnership opportunities to enhance the engineering/CS curricula

Concluding remarks

Q&A

Today’s agenda


Macro forces

Population Growth

7.8 billion people by 2025

Urbanization Cities expanding by 60 million people annually

Globalization 1.2B in global middle class by 2030

Connectivity 2 billion people on line: digital content doubles every 12-18 months

Sources: Population, United Nations; World Resources Institute; Globalization, World Bank; Online: Internet World Stats


Urban economic shifts In 2007

only 8 of the top 50 urban areas (by GDP) were located in the east.

By 2025

Asia will boast upward of 20 of the top 50 cities, and Shanghai and Beijing will have GDPs higher than those of Los Angeles and London.

McKinsey Quarterly, September 2011 Newsletter


Intensifying R&D collaboration and global distribution


Energy Demand


Innovative communication schemes →Global economy talent/innovation focused →New professionals skills

It’s a “globalized globe” (that gets disrupted often)!


Professional skills of the 21st century technology leadersMobability — ability to work in large groups; talent for organizing & collaborating with many people simultaneously

Influency — ability to be persuasive in multiple social contexts & media spaces; understanding that each context & space requires a different persuasive strategy & technique

Protovation – fearless innovation in rapid, iterative circles

Emergensight — ability to prepare for & handle surprising results & complexity

Cooperation Radar — the ability to sense, almost intuitively, who would make the best collaborators on a particular task

…..Adapted from Dr. Bob Johansen, President and CEO of the Institute for the Future

*Daniel Goleman


21st century S&T skills

Five skills of increasing value: 1. Adaptability

2. Complex communication skills

3. Non-routine problem-solving skills

4. Self-management/self-development

5. Systems thinking

Grouped into 3 categories:Cognitive skills: non-routine problem solving, critical thinking, systems thinking

Interpersonal skills: complex communication, social skills, teamwork, cultural sensitivity, dealing with diversity

Intrapersonal skills: self-management, time management, self-development, self-regulation, adaptability, executive functioning

Ref: US National Research Council, 2008 & 2009


Enterprise IT skills

Business Planning and Strategy

Skills in helping the business deal with technology complexity

Communications

Business Process Design and Composition

IT Service Management

Project Portfolio Management

Requirements Management

Agile Development

Risk Management

Business Services Monitoring &Communications Assurance

Most valuable skills and capabilities that IT Teams will need in 2020*

* IDG Research Services, IT Executives Vision, conducted for HP, for 20/20, May 2012


Balancing education with research/innovation

Universities are (once more) reshaping the world…

To build knowledge based economies

For mobility (be exposed to ideas)

Increase demand for degrees

For prestige

…


Engineering Education Transformation in China

1. Standard system of quality assurance

2. Industry engagement in education

3. Reform curriculum and the learning experience

4. Faculty development (including experience in industry)

5. Internationalization


South Korea’s quest for quality in engineering education and new R&D areas

Innovation centers, industry collaboration, innovation policy


57% of students in the social sciences, 16% in engineering3 psychology students for each engineering student

Together with Africa, LA is the region with less investment in R&D2% of the world’s investment (Brazil, Mexico, Argentina and Chile)

Asia/Pacific region amounts to 28%; Europe, 30%, US, 39%

All of LA & Caribbean countries invest LESS than South Korea

South Korea: 7500 patents; Brazil: 100

Why these low numbers?R&D is mainly conducted in universities, disconnected with the market needs

Obsession with past history

Politics

Long vacations

Arrogance?

…

Latin America

Source: Andrés Oppenheimer, Basta de Historias, 2010

“Las universidades (en la región) se han convertido en vacassagradas… cuando deben ser pilar fundamental para preparar a los países para tener los conocimientos y habilidades para competir en un mercado mundial”

Andrés Oppenheimer, 2010

© Copyright 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.17Source: McKinsey Quarterly, Making talent a strategic priority, January 2008


Economic History of the World


What does this mean for engineering education?


The world’s most valuable RESOURCE is getting harder to find

Finding talented people is the single most important managerial preoccupation around the globe.

McKinsey Quarterly 2007 Number 4

WHY?

Mismatch between what schools are producing and what companies need.

The Economist, October 7th 2006

Changes in job skills demands in the US1960-98


MOST IMPORTANT ISSUE:

What an engineer is able to do with what he/she knows!


5 things engineering education can do

to develop the locally pertinent, globally competent engineer


Renew, Revamp, Re-engineer Curriculum

Evaluate current offerings vs needsBalance content with skills developmentProvide flexibility (tracks?)Integrate creativity, innovation, entrepreneurship Use active learning and real life experiences…

USE THE ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS!What are the needs? How can we achieve them? How to measure success? What can we change?


Balance Knowledge and Skills Development

Integrating X Experiences Across the Curriculum

4th Year

3rd Year

2nd Year

1st Year

A ‐ activity

B ‐ activity

C ‐ activity

D ‐ activity

E ‐ activity

F ‐ activity

G ‐activity

…1st Semester 2nd Semester

Where X can be:

EthicsCommunication skillsTeamworkBuisness constraintsSocial/env issues…


Focus on Learning (not on Teaching)

We are teaching, but are they learning?Failure is fine!


87% of US engineering faculty use lecture as the primary method of instruction

Re-think the learning environment

ref. US Dept of Education, 2001


21st Century innovators skills/competencies

Be adaptive - ability to learn, capacity for change

Learn to frame questions, not just answer them

Experience playfulness, exploration, experimentation

Develop active patience

Be open and collaborative - in person and online

Get exposure to multiple disciplines, cultures, ecosystems

Understand business constraints and opportunities

Have basic level of scientific and technologic literacy

Adapted from: Judy Estrin, 2008


Seek accreditation

For mobilityFor international recognitionFor companies’ trust

Say what you doDo what you say

Prove itImprove it!


Develop and Nurture Industry-University RelationshipsCurriculum input (content and skills)Internships (for students AND professors)Student projects…

“Partnership between industry and university has become even more important in the global marketplace… Engineers will have to…acquire the ability to communicate as they work in the demanding international marketplace… corporations are hoping to depend more and more on government and university…”

~Norman Augustine, CEO of Lockheed

Diagrams courtesy of Allen Soyster, National Science Foundation

Different missions, different cultures


Diagrams courtesy of Allen Soyster, NSF

Different missions, different cultures


Different missions and cultures

Individual achievement Team effortIs it publishable? Is it profitable?Tradition, history Next quarterly reportShare knowledge Protect IPAnalyze perfect Implement good

Research, Teaching, Service Wealth for stock-holders

ACADEMIA

INDUSTRY


I-U collaboration dimensions

Awareness• Campus visits• Meeting with

Dean• Sales

Growth• Recruiting• Student competitions• Advisory Board(s)• Internships (faculty,

students)• Research• Workshops/seminars

Collaboration• Increased research • Policy influencing• Business development• Fellowships• Philanthropic

donations

oppo

rtun

isti

cst

rate

gic

time


Collaboration – ultimate goal of partnerships

Exchanging informationaltering activitiessharing resourcesenhancing the capacity of each otherfor mutual benefit and to achieve a common purpose

NETWORKING

COORDINATING

COOPERATINGCourtesy of Misty Baker, GWEC


Develop the Engineering Educator

Teaching, pedagogy

Professional engineering experience


AccountantMedical Doctor

LawyersEngineer

Engineering Professor


Partnership Opportunities with HPnow, for the future


Innovation at every touchpoint of informationHP Labs research areas

InformationAnalytics

Mobile &ImmersiveExperience

Printing& Content

DeliveryServices

Networking

IntelligentInfrastructure

Cloud &Security

Sustainability


Global talent, local innovation

HP Labs around the world

EMEA• 10 university collaborations in EMEA• 4 EU FP7 consortia, UK Tech Strategy Board awards• UK CASE PhD support

APJ• 7 university collaborations in the Asia-

Pacific Region• A*STAR and EDB support, Singapore

Palo Alto

Haifa

Bristol

Beijing

Bangalore

Singapore

St Petersburg

AMERICAS• 46 university collaborations in the Americas• Guadalajara Advanced Prototyping Center • 29 projects with HP Brazil R&D• DARPA, DOE, US Army, MPO external funding• NSF Post-Docs support • UC Discovery awards


2011 HP Labs Innovation Research Awards

62 awards

50 universities

11 countriesEMEAEurope, Middle East & Africa

APJAsia-Pacific & Japan

Americas

• McGill University• Ohio State University• University of Illinois at Chicago• University of Illinois at Urbana-

Champaign• University of Michigan• University of Toronto• University of Waterloo• University of Wisconsin-Madison• University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee• Western Michigan University• Oregon State University

• Imperial College London, England• University of Bristol, England• University of Newcastle, England• University of Edinburgh, Scotland• École Polytechnique Fédérale de

Lausanne, Switzerland• Technical University of Bari, Italy• University of Konstanz, Germany• Bilkent University, Turkey• Technion, Israel Institute of Technology,

Israel• Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel

• Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Korea

• Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China• The Hong Kong University of Science

and Technology• Tsinghua University, China• University of Canterbury, New Zealand

• University of California, Davis• University of California, Santa Cruz• University of Southern California• University of Utah• Arizona State University• Rice University• Texas A&M University• University of Arizona• University of Florida• University of Missouri, St Louis• University of Texas at Arlington• Brown University

• Carnegie Mellon University• Duke University• Kansas State University• Massachusetts Institute of

Technology• Princeton University• Purdue University• Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute• The Pennsylvania State University• University at Buffalo, SUNY• University of Delaware• Virginia Tech


The HP InstituteOne way HP is working with education to develop tomorrow’s IT workforce today

videoHP Institute ATA - closing the IT skills gap - YouTube.rv


HP Institute learning program

All educational elements available through Certiport

Books• Bridge

Curriculum• Semester

Courseware

e-LearningHP

Remote Labs

Practice Tests

Certification Exam

Certiport will be providing all pieces of the learning programLearning solution includes Licenses and Voucher opportunities for universities and schoolsNot targeted to commercial centers but they are not excluded from the offeringLocalizations of materials will be expected and based upon business case


HP Institute courses

Based on industry standards, powered by HP

Cloud• Cloud essentials• Choosing between onsite,

hosted and cloud services

• Cross-technology virtualization • Cross-technology integration• Business acumen for IT leaders

IT Career Path

Asso

ciat

e Pr

ogra

m

Servers & Storage

• Designing & deploying server and storage solutions

• Optimizing applications• Security & management

Networks• Designing & deploying

wired and wireless networking solutions

• Virtual networking• Network security &

management

Connected Devices• Designing & deploying multi-

device solutions (PC, laptop, mobile device & virtual clients)

• Client security & management

• Consuming hosted and cloud applications


1st year1st year

courses

2nd year2nd year

courses

3rd year3rd year

courses

4th year4th year

courses

HP Accredited Technical AssociateLearn, practice, and get certified with HP to enhance career opportunities, during college or as continuing education

Cloud

Servers and Storage

Networks

Connected Devices

Business solutions

Hands-on learning


HP Institute Remote Lab FacilityHP Institute contact: Brian Beneda, [email protected]


HP Calculators

For Anyone, Anywhere, at Any stage of life

For over 35 years, engineers, professionals and students have relied on the accuracy and durability of HP calculators. For

everything from intelligent education solutions to high-end professional tools, you can count on HP calculators.


HP Catalyst Initiative*Re-imaging STEM+ teaching and learning


Photo by Larry Johnson

*an HP Sustainability and Social Innovation Program


The Catalyst themes

…exploring the future teaching and learning of STEM+

• Multi-versity

• Pedagogy 3.0

• Global Collaboratory

• New Learner

• Measuring Learning

• STEM-preneur

1

2

3

4

5

6

* STEM education: Science, Technology, Engineering & Math education


Exploring the future of online STEM(+) learning & teaching

Multi-versity consortium

Western Washington U

National U

Northwestern U

Sloan Consortium

Empire State College

Renmin U

West Chester U of Penn

East Carolina U

Moscow Gymnasia #1540

University of Kwa-Zulu Natal

U of Eastern Africa

PUC - Rio

Stellenbosh U

Thompson Rivers U

Fisk U

Elizabeth City U

Lead2010 recipients2011 recipientsCatalyst Associates

1

© Copyright 2012 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. HP Restricted. 52

1.2M people

reached

43,000 new jobs

20,000 new businesses

HP LIFE Entrepreneurial Training - now via the Cloud (FREE!)

http://www.life-global.org/en/LEARN-ONLINE/HP-Life-e-Learning


ASEE-NSF Industry Research Fellows457 potential fellows interested47companies (23 states) posted 160 research positions26 companies hosted 40 fellows, 120 posted positions not filledOf the 40, 38 completed the fellowship. Of these, 32 ended up with jobs: 27 were hired permanently by their host companies; two had their Fellowships extended by their host companies; and three were hired elsewhere.

29 publications,16 patent filings, 3 patent disclosures, 2 patents, 1 invention disclosure, 1 provisional patent, 1 international patent filing, and 1 record of invention.

NSF expanded the program to the Graduate Research Fellows recipients Other nations following (e.g., Brazil, Singapore)


“I know this will sound funny, but I’ve been surprised that I’ve enjoyed it so much! I began my PhD program thinking I wanted to be a professor because I really enjoyed teaching, but I wasn’t 100% sure about the research part of it. But the research environment here has been really fun to work in – both from a professional and a social standpoint – and that’s changed my perspective on research and my thoughts about what I might want to do and who I might want to work with in the future.”

Iris Tien, PhD student UC

ASEE-NSF Graduate Research Fellows Industry Program


“The corporate post-doc has been a great experience for me after almost 10 years in academia. It has allowed me to take the concepts and tools I learned in classes and as a student researcher and apply them to cutting edge research with a focus on how it can be included in groundbreaking technology. This will serve me well in the future whether I continue in corporate research or return to academia to teach engineers how to solve problems outside of the classroom.”

Steven Barcelo, HP Labs NSF-ASEE PostDoc

Research:

Fabrication and characterization of plasmonic nano-structures


SustainIT

Help develop the Engineering Curriculum for the Sustainability Age

Paper: Morell, Lueny, Martina Trucco and Chandrakant Patel, SEFI Conference Proceedings, Sept 27-30 2011


Engineers for the sustainability ageDesign, build & manage infrastructure & processes of sustainable cities from a comprehensive life-cycle view and systems perspective

Analyze & evaluate best practices from history & traditional ecological knowledge

Collaborative, flexible, leader, follower

Work in multi-disciplinary, multi-stakeholder teams

Manage uncertainty, communicate effectively, ethical, able to influence others

…


Skills and competencies of engineers in the sustainability ageSkills

• Analyze and evaluate best practices from history and traditional ecological knowledge*

• Design, build and manage infrastructure, processes of sustainable cities from a comprehensive life-cycle view

– where systems are designed not just for operation, but for optimality across

– from the supply AND demand perspectives

– from resource extraction to manufacturing and transport to operation and end-of-life

•Teamwork, communication, ethics, flexible…

* S. Ramakrishnan, 2001


Skills and competencies of engineers in the sustainability age (2)Knowledge

• Strengthen engineering fundamentals

• Scalable and configurable resource microgrids

– use pools of resources of available energy (e.g., solar, electricity, wind, bio) available locally and centrally-sourced

– design and management that minimizes the energy required to extract, manufacture , mitigate waste, transport, operate and claim components

• Pervasive sensing infrastructures to continuously monitor data

– Communications, aggregation of data, visualization of data (dashboard)

• Knowledge discovery, data mining and visualization

• Policy-based control and operation


Strengthen the Engineering Undergraduate Curriculum (BS)

Computer Science & Engineering: Software Development; Programming; Operating Systems; Databases; Systems Architecture; Data Storage; Networking

Electrical & Electronics Engineering: Power Generation; Grids and Micro-grids; Power Transmission; Failure Analysis; Semi-conductor Physics; Chip and System Packaging; Control Theory

Mechanical & Civil Engineering: Thermal Sciences; Engineering Design; Solid Mechanics; Structures; Manufacturing; Statics and Dynamics; Quality and Reliability

Environmental Science & Sustainability: Sustainability Basics; Macroeconomics; Microeconomics; Environmental Accounting; Development Theory; Waste Management; Public Policy and Standards; Introduction to Anthropology

Industrial Engineering: Supply Chains; Operations management; Engineering Economics; Optimization

1st year

courses

2nd year

courses

3rd year

courses

4th year

courses


1st year1st year

courses

2nd year2nd year

courses

3rd year3rd year

courses

4th year4th year

courses

Sustain-IT in the engineering curriculum Strong basics, SustainIT track, new teaching methods, assessment and industry collaboration

Sustain IT Professional

Engineer

Interdisciplinary Design Project

Elective

Elective

Elective

Sustainability and IT Foundation Elective

SustainIT focused electives (tbd)

Outcomes Assessment

New teaching/learning

methods

Industry Collaboration

Senior year

1st year

Internships


SustainIT electives (suggested)Fundamental course in IT and Sustainability (freshman level)

Six directed multidisciplinary electives focused on IT for Sustainability (to be taken throughout the curriculum)

1. Policy-based Control and Operation

2. Knowledge Discovery, Data Mining and Visualization

3. Pervasive Sensing Infrastructure, Aggregation, Dashboards

4. Scalable and Configurable Resource Microgrids

5. Life-cycle design

6. Traditional Ecological Engineering

Other optional electives

E.g., History of Urban Development, Ecological Engineering, and/or other relevant social science courses in economics, public policy, anthropology, or demographics.


SustainIT curriculumExample for Mechanical Engineering

Fundamental SustainIT course (3 credits)

Life-cycle design (3 credits)

Traditional Ecological Engineering (2 credits)

Scalable and Configurable Resource Microgrids (3 credits)

SustainIT focused Capstone Design Project (3 credits)


SustainIT curriculumExample for Computer Engineering

Fundamental SustainIT course (3 credits)

Policy-based Control and Operation (3 credits)

Knowledge Discovery, Data Mining and Visualization (3 credits)

Pervasive Sensing Infrastructure, Aggregation, Dashboards (3 credits)

SustainIT focused Capstone Design Project (3 credits)

Industry internship (2 credits)


Curriculum innovation workshopswww.iideainstitute.orgwww.luenymorell.com


Imagining Higher Education in the Future


Photo by Larry Johnson


Students building their learning environments 24x7 from anywhere in the world

The future of learning

Customized to the learner’s needs and preferred style Multiple sourcesMultiple technologiesMultiple modes (face to face, on-line, asynchronous, simulations, experiential, internships…)Alone, in teams…


Multiple sources, delivery modes, schedules….


The world’s future lies in the hands of the engineering students in our universities today, the vast majority of whom will NOT become professors or scientific researchers…


Final words…We need to evolve and adapt to survive. We need to think in the greater good rather than individual needs. We need to collaborate and share ideas and resources. And we need to do this fast and boldly, taking calculated risks… Otherwise, we will become irrelevant!

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URLsProgram URL

HP Labs webpage2011 Annual Report

www.hpl.hp.comhttp://www.hpl.hp.com/news/2012/jan-mar/annual_report.html

HP Discover video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cAE3jIFdb0&feature=youtu.be

Innovation Research Program www.hpl.hp.com/open_innovation/irp

Catalyst Initiative www.hp.com/go/hpcatalyst

HP Institute www.hp.com/go/institute

HP e-learning http://www.life-global.org/en/LEARN-ONLINE/HP-Life-e-Learning

IIDEA Institute www.iideainstitute.org

Lueny Morell [email protected]; www.luenymorell.com

World Engineering Education Forum


Thank you!

engineering education challenges for latin america …source: andrés oppenheimer, basta de...

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