Engineering Design

Product Design Process

The four C’s of DesignCreativity:Requires the creation of something that has not existed beforeor not existed in the designers mind before

Complexity:Requires decisions on many variables and parameters

Choice:Requires making choices between many possible solutions atall levels, from basic concepts to smallest detail

Compromise:Requires balancing multiple and sometimes conflicting requirements

Static vs. Dynamic Products

Static:Changes in design concept take place over a long periodof time; rather incremental changes occur at the subsystemand component levelsAutomobiles, Refrigerators, Dishwashers

Dynamic:Change the basic design concept fairly frequently as the underlying technology changesComputers, Telecommunications, Software

The design Process

Evaluate

OutcomeDesignProcess

GeneralInformation

SpecificInformation

NO YES

Scientific vs. Design Method

ExistingKnowledge

ScientificCuriosity

Hypothesis

LogicalAnalysis

Proof

State of theArt

Identificationof need

Conceptualization

FeasibilityAnalysis

Production

Scientific Method Design Method

Problem Solving Methodology

Definition of the Problem

Gathering of Information

Generation of Alternative Solutions

Evaluation of Alternatives

Communication of the Results

Considerations of good Design

Design Requirements

Life Cycle Issues

Regulatory and Social Issues

I. Conceptual Design

Define Problem:

Problem StatementBenchmarkingQuality Function Deployment (QFD)Product Design Specification (PDS)

I. Conceptual Design

Gather Information:

InternetPatentsTradeLiterature

I. Conceptual Design

Concept Generation:

BrainstormingFunctionalDecompositionMorphological Chart

I. Conceptual Design

Evaluation of Concepts:

Pugh Concept SelectionDecision Matrix

II. Embodiment Design

Product Architecture:

Arrangement of Physical Elements tocarry out Function

II. Embodiment Design

Configuration Design:

Preliminary Selection of Parts and MaterialsModeling and Sizing of Parts

II. Embodiment Design

Parametric Design:

Robust DesignTolerancesFinal DimensionsDesign for Manufacturability (DFM)

III. Detail Desigm

Detail Design:

Detailed DrawingsDetailed Specification

IV. Planning for Manufacture

Designing Specific Tools and FixturesSpecifying the Production Plant and Production LinesPlanning the Work Schedule and Inventory ControlPlanning the Quality Assurance SystemEstablishing the Standard Time and Labor CostsEstablishing the System Information Flow

V. Planning for Distribution

Shipping PackageDocumentationShelf LifeWarehouses

VI. Planning for Use

MaintenanceReliabilityProduct SafetyConvenience in Use (Human Factors)Aesthetic AppealEconomy of OperationDuration of Service

VII. Planning for Retirement

Useful LifeDeteriorationTechnical ObsolescenceFashion or Taste

Environmental IssuesIndustrial Ecology Green Design

RFIPower Consumption

Marketing

Marketing Creates and Manages the company’s Relationship with its Customers

Marketing Translates Customer Needs into ProductRequirements

Marketing Defines Support Services

Marketing Studies How Customers Make BuyingDecisions

Marketing and Sales are Different

Marketing

Early Adopters

Mainstream Adopters

Laggards

Market Research

Define the Market SegmentIdentify the Early AdoptersIdentify Competitive ProductsEstablish the Market Size ($)Determine the Breadth of Product LineDetermine the Product Price / Volume RelationshipEstablish the Customer Needs and Wants