Energy in Cells

Metabolism The total of all chemical activities of

an organisms that enables it to stay alive, grow and reproduce.

Chemical energy – stored in food in the cell

- can be changed into other forms of energy Heat, kinetic energy

enzymes Causes a chemical reaction Does not change Can be reused Each chemical reaction has a specific enzyme Causes molecules to come apart

or come together

How enzymes work

2 groups of organisms Producers – make

their own food

Consumers – eat producers and/or other lower consumers

Energy is changed chemically from one to the other.

Changing sunlight into chemical energy

Chloroplasts – where photosynthesis takes place

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis6CO2 + 6H2O + sunlight + chlorophyll (C6H12O6) +6O2

Chlorophyll absorbs energy from sun

Sun’s energy splits H2O and CO2 into C6H12O6 + O2

O2 given off through leaves

Glucose – chemical/ stored energy

Glucose

1. use for plant energy 2. stored as starches

(carbohydrates) to be used later

Respiration Breaking down of food to release

energy Mitochondria – where respiration

takes place Sugar + O2 CO2 + H2O + energy (lost as heat) kinetic /moving

electrical energy

Fermentation Changing glucose into energy with

little oxygen Less energy produced Takes place in the cytoplasm Makes lactic acid that gets into the

muscle fibers and causes cramps.