energy efficiency and the environment

© ABB Inc.April 12, 2023 | Slide 1

Top concerns for the marine sectorManaging marine efficiency and the environment

Stuart Melling, manager for marine and crane service, ABB Ltd

© ABB Inc. April 12, 2023 | Slide 2

Top concerns for the marine sectorManaging marine efficiency and the environment

Challenges facing marine industry:

Emissions reduction

Improved fuel use

Environmental impact of new builds

Implementing energy saving technology


Challenges facing marine industryEmissions reduction – The facts

Recognised as cleanest form of transporting goods

least damage per tonne of cargo

2007 global shipping industry emitted 1,046 million tonnes of CO2

3.3% of total global emissions

IMO predicts 250% rise in emission levels through sea transport growth


Challenges facing marine industryEmissions reduction – The facts

Ship exhaust emissions are industry's biggest polluter

Shipping sector – so far – excluded from international agreements

Governments now want to include shipping in future agreements

By 2015 IMO implementing new sulphur emission targets for marine fuel oil

Energy efficiency can reduce CO2 emissions by 25 to 75% for newbuilds and existing ships


Challenges facing marine industryImproved fuel use – The facts

Bunker fuel accounts for 50% of total transport costs

Directly connected to crude oil prices - can only get more expensive

Running auxiliary engines in port to create on-board power raises fuel costs

Creates emissions and negative health and environmental impact

Energy saving directly results in profit

Take shipping company with 50% fuel costs and profits at 10% of turnover:

10% decrease in fuel consumption increases profit by 45%


Challenges facing marine industryImproved fuel use – Some solutions

Shore-to-ship electric power supply helps eliminate:

CO2, SOx and NOx emissions

particle discharge

noise

vibration

Ships shut down engines while berthed and plug into onshore power source

Power load is seamlessly transferred to shore side power supply

No disruption to on-board services

Eliminates emissions to the local environment


Challenges facing marine industryImproved fuel use – Some solutions

ABB offers a complete, seamless and integrated shore-to-ship power solution

Safe and reliable power transfer from public electric power grid to ship

Complies with international standards


Challenges facing marine industryEnvironmental impact of new builds – The facts

IMO agreed to adopt mandatory energy efficiency design standards for new ships

Regulations demand:

Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships

stipulates a specific level of energy efficiency to be attained

Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) for all ships

Amendments to MARPOL regulations (Jan. 2013):

Applies to all ships of 400 gross tonnage and above

Ships built between 2015 and 2019 to be 10% more efficient

Rising to 20% between 2020 and 2024

Rising to 30% thereafter

New ships already contracted or under construction may be exempt


Challenges facing marine industryEnvironmental impact of new builds – The facts

Some cargo owners are already demanding voluntarily submitted environmental data

As part of the EEDI and SEEMP, IMO is considering vessels displaying their energy performance through these design and operation indices


Challenges facing marine industryImplementing energy saving technology – The facts

Cost-efficient technology to save energy exists

Just not being implemented rapidly enough

Industry faces an energy-efficiency gap

Energy issues being given low priority

Reasons for slow uptake are:

organisational failure

lack of time

shortage of competence

no long-term energy strategy



Payback for energy-saving technologies – like drives and motors – can be within months

Identify applications that offer small saving from energy-efficiency measures

collectively they add up to significant total saving



Large energy consumers are:

seawater cooling pumps

chilled water pumps

engine room ventilation fans

Often over-dimensioned to handle most extreme conditions

Operate at full capacity even when demand is not high

Flow control is often mechanical devices like bypass valves and dampers

highly energy inefficient



Lowering energy use reduces CO2, SOx and NOx emissions by reducing load on diesel generators

Single average size seawater cooling pump can save $29,000 and 117 tons of CO2 per year

Energy saving measures apply to:

single ships or entire fleets

planned newbuilds

operating old vessels


Challenges facing marine industryImplementing energy saving technology – Solutions

Variable-speed drives (VSDs)

Used to adjust motor speed according to demand

Can reduce energy use by 50%

Payback on equipment and installation, from fuel savings alone, in under 1 year

Large potential for retrofitting existing ships with new fuel-reducing technologies

Only around 2% of global fleet currently equipped with VSDs for seawater cooling pumps

98% of fleet is missing opportunity for high fuel savings, environmental and commercial rewards



Marine energy appraisal service

Finds applications that benefit from energy-saving technologies

Identifies motor-driven applications that benefit from VSDs

Payback often under 2 years



Marine energy appraisal – What’s involved

Input data and documentation are collected during an on-board survey including:

Ship’s heat balance calculation

Air balance calculation

Layout of the systems

Machinery datasheet

Schedule of ship’s route

Current system management

Survey on board

Vessel operational profile



Marine energy appraisal – What’s involved

Energy appraisal is undertaken to find comparison between power consumption and demand

Final report verifies results including a return on investment. Typical findings may include:

Vessel has been designed for worst climate condition

Motors of fans and pumps run only at fixed speed

Current system is wasting up to 70% of energy

Cost proposal for implementing improvements is presented

If accepted an installation site survey is carried

Once agreed actual engineering and commissioning is completed

Results are verified to confirm actual saving



Energy Management System (EMS)

Senior management needs to embrace environmental and energy efficiency issues

Provide resources to deal efficiently with company’s energy issues

Appoint an energy champion with agreed:

key targets

responsibilities

authority

Champion determines company’s present and expected energy use

Only then can accurate measurements, comparisons and follow-ups be implemented



Develop Energy Management System (EMS)

EMS recognises proper procedures for measuring and following-up results are as important as being able to plan and implement

EMS aims to:

maximise profits

minimise costs

increase company’s competitiveness

EMS brings together employees that affect energy performance

EMS maps and analyses energy usage

provides data to assess measures and decide on goals for energy efficiency that are challenging but achievable



Energy Monitoring and Management tool (EMMA)

EMMA impacts on fuel cost reduction

EMMA gives complete visibility to energy production and consumption performance

EMMA helps operate a ship, several ships or entire fleet with best possible energy efficiency and environmental responsibility

EMMA helps optimise energy-related processes, practices and decisions, from engine room to board room



ABB's trained consultants support staff on-board and onshore to:

interpret information

identify improvement areas

set targets

coach staff in running vessel more efficiently

Management onshore receives consulting and benchmarking services

Aim is to run fleet more efficiently to optimise return-on-investment



System’s users include:

crew members with responsibilities for energy use on-board

personnel with responsibility for fleet’s overall energy costs, emissions and competitiveness

Payback for service package (license and management fee) within 12 months

EMMA is highly developed software running on ordinary PCs onboard and ashore

energy efficiency and the environment

Technology

energy use

energy inefficient abb

energy performance

year energy

energyefficiency measures

technology abb

marine industryimproved

longterm energy strategy