energy and sustainability
DESCRIPTION
Energy and Sustainability. Energy. How much energy do you need? How much energy do you use?. How much energy do you need? Energy from food = 2,000 Calories / day = 8,000 BTUs / day Energy for all of the other things you do = (Take a guess) _____________ BTUs ?. Energy. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Energyand
Sustainability
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Energy
How much energy do you need?
How much energy do you use?
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Energy
How much energy do you need?
• Energy from food
= 2,000 Calories / day= 8,000 BTUs / day
• Energy for all of the other things you do
= (Take a guess) _____________ BTUs ?
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How much?
Total annual energy consumption in the United States (2011)
97.3 quadrillion BTUs
~ 1017 BTUs
~ 1020 Joules
(1 BTU = 1055 Joules)
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How much?
Total U.S. energy consumption
= 97 x 1015 BTUs / year
Then your energy consumption / day is
97 x 1015 BTUs / year(316,000,000 people) (365 days / year)
= 840,000 BTUs / person / day
( + 8,000 BTUs from food )
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How much?
So, if you are a typical U.S. resident, you will use about 848,000 BTUs of energy today
Food:
8,000 BTUs
For all other things:
840,000 BTUs
How can this be?
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U.S. Energy Uses
Sector
Electric Power 40%
Transportation 28%
Industry 21%
Res & Commercial 11%
Total (97 quads) 100%
Your energy use = Direct use + Indirect use
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U.S. Energy Sources
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U.S. Renewable Energy
Renewables are ~ 9% of U.S. Total Energy Consumed
Source (quads)
Hydroelectric 3.2
Wood 2.0
Biofuels 1.9
Wind 1.2
Waste 0.5
Geothermal 0.2
Solar / PV 0.2
Total (quads) 9.1
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Oil 35%
Natural Gas 24%
Coal 28%
Nuclear 6%
Hydro 6%
Renewable 2%
Total 510 quads
= 200,000 BTUs / person / day
World Energy Consumption
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Personal Consumption
BTUs / person / day
United States840,000
Australia718,000France
498,000Japan
440,000Mexico
157,000China
130,000Brazil
84,000India
36,000Parts of Africa
7,000
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Population
0 500 1000 1500 20000
2,000,000,000
4,000,000,000
6,000,000,000
8,000,000,000
10,000,000,000
Human Population of Planet Earth (Bil-lions)
Year
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Population
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 20500
2
4
6
8
10
Human Population of Planet Earth (Billions)
Year
Bil
lio
ns
of
Pe
op
le
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How much energy do we have left?
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Energy Reserves
Estimated world reserves of fossil fuels (in quadrillion BTUs):
Years leftQuads at current
consumed consumptionReserves per year rate
Oil 6,370 178 36
Natural gas 6,390 121 53
Coal 20,250 143 142
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Are there any other problems?
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The Carbon Problem
Fuels:
Oil 35%
Natural Gas 24% 87%
Coal 28%
Nuclear 6%
Hydro 6%
Renewable 2%
510 Quadrillion BTUs / year
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The Carbon Problem
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The Carbon Problem
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Green Strategies
Conservation
Efficiency
Geothermal
Solar• Passive• Photovoltaic
Fuel cells
Tidal
Wind
Waves
Hydroelectric
Nuclear
Biomass