ENABLING ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR TECHNOLOGIES FOR

4G NETWORKS4G NETWORKS

BYBY

ADEL AL-SHAHRANIADEL AL-SHAHRANI

986074986074

June 3, 2003 June 3, 2003

OUTLINEOUTLINE

WHY 4GWHY 4GNETWORK LAYER TECHNOLOGIESNETWORK LAYER TECHNOLOGIES Network ArchitecturesNetwork Architectures MIPv6 & HMIPv6MIPv6 & HMIPv6 IDMPIDMP

PHYSICAL LAYER TECHNOLOGIESPHYSICAL LAYER TECHNOLOGIES SDRSDR OFDMOFDM M-Ary MC-CDMAM-Ary MC-CDMA

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

WHY 4G?WHY 4G?

1G Analogy Communication1G Analogy Communication

2G Digital Communication2G Digital Communication

3G Multimedia 3G Multimedia

4G More Services4G More Services

NETWORK ARCHTECTURESNETWORK ARCHTECTURES

OVERLAY NETWORKOVERLAY NETWORK

COMMON ACCESS NETWORKCOMMON ACCESS NETWORK

MULTIMODE DEVICESMULTIMODE DEVICES

OVERLAY NETWORKOVERLAY NETWORK

UAPUAP

Handoff: networkHandoff: network

COMMON ACCESS NETWORKCOMMON ACCESS NETWORK

Wireless networkWireless network

FlexibleFlexible

MULTIMODE DEVICESMULTIMODE DEVICES

AMPS/CDMAAMPS/CDMA

Physical DevicePhysical Device

MIPv6MIPv6

MN, HA and FAMN, HA and FA

CoA: FA or DHCPv6CoA: FA or DHCPv6

Optimizing the routOptimizing the rout

Why MIPv6? (Cont.)Why MIPv6? (Cont.)Criteria MIPv4 MIPv6

Foreign Agent Rely on HA and MN Also, as MIPv4 but it doesn’t require FA to issue CoA (DHCP do it)-> location independent

Route optimization

Optional for CN and it need to be implemented

Allow direction connection from CN and MN but it need binding update to HA

Security Use Virtual Private Network outside firewall and allow v4 IPsec VPN

As MIPv4 and it allow v6 IPsec VPN

Home Agent address discovery

-- Using IPv6 anycast by sending binding update to HA anycast address.

MIPv6 (Cont.)MIPv6 (Cont.)

HMIPv6HMIPv6

Reduce handoffsReduce handoffs

Mobility Anchor Point (MAP)Mobility Anchor Point (MAP)

Two CoAsTwo CoAs

HMIPv6 (Cont.)HMIPv6 (Cont.)

Intra-Domain Mobility Management Intra-Domain Mobility Management ProtocolProtocol

Reducing handoffs and paging latency Reducing handoffs and paging latency

Gateway foreign agent (GFA) Gateway foreign agent (GFA)

GCoA & LCoAGCoA & LCoA

Delays: Link layer establishment delay, IP subnet Delays: Link layer establishment delay, IP subnet registration and Intradomain update delayregistration and Intradomain update delay

MovementImminentMovementImminent message message

Intra-Domain Mobility Management Intra-Domain Mobility Management Protocol (Cont.)Protocol (Cont.)

Intra-Domain Mobility Management Intra-Domain Mobility Management Protocol (Cont.)Protocol (Cont.)

SOFTWARE DEFINE RADIO SOFTWARE DEFINE RADIO (SDR)(SDR)

Allocating different frequency BW in different Allocating different frequency BW in different countriescountries

4G deals with different technologies standards 4G deals with different technologies standards

Infrastructure hardware -downloading software Infrastructure hardware -downloading software

Development in :Development in : (A/D) and (D/A) converters (A/D) and (D/A) converters (FPGA) and digital signal processing (DSP) (FPGA) and digital signal processing (DSP) general-purpose programmable devices general-purpose programmable devices

SDR (Cont.)SDR (Cont.)

Packet-based switch Packet-based switch

Multiple boards in a cPCI Multiple boards in a cPCI

Flexible and scalable Flexible and scalable

Orthogonal Frequency Division Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Multiplexing

Multi-Carrier Modulation (MCM) Multi-Carrier Modulation (MCM) SupportingSupporting date rate: 54Mbpsdate rate: 54Mbps real traffic: 22Mbpsreal traffic: 22Mbps

OrthogonallyOrthogonally

Parallel subcarriersParallel subcarriers

OFDM (Cont.)OFDM (Cont.)

Components:Components: FFT processors,FFT processors, System I/OSystem I/O Serial-parallel convertersSerial-parallel converters Parallel-serial convertersParallel-serial converters OFDM logicOFDM logic

OFDM (Cont.)OFDM (Cont.)

(a)(a) TransmitterTransmitter(b)(b) ReceiverReceiver

OFDM (Cont.)OFDM (Cont.)

Types:Types: Vector OFDMVector OFDM F-OFDMF-OFDM W-OFDMW-OFDM MIMO-OFDMMIMO-OFDM

Issues: Issues: Frequency offsetFrequency offset , , Phase noisePhase noise and and Peak to average power ratio-PARPeak to average power ratio-PAR

M-ary MC-CDMAM-ary MC-CDMA

Supporting data rate: 20MbpsSupporting data rate: 20Mbps

Combination of OFDM and CDMACombination of OFDM and CDMA

Advantages:Advantages: High data ratesHigh data rates High BW efficiencyHigh BW efficiency Reducing interference and frequency diversityReducing interference and frequency diversity

M-ary MC-CDMA (Transmitter)M-ary MC-CDMA (Transmitter)

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M-ary MC-CDMA (Receiver)M-ary MC-CDMA (Receiver)

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CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Using IP: MIPUsing IP: MIP

SDR is the drive technology to 4GSDR is the drive technology to 4G

High speed technologies (MCM): OFDM High speed technologies (MCM): OFDM and MC-CDMAand MC-CDMA

HW developmentsHW developments

THANK YOUTHANK YOU

Background: IDMP PagingBackground: IDMP Paging

Reduce LatencyReduce Latency

Paging Areas (PAs)Paging Areas (PAs)

Area Identifiers (PAIs)Area Identifiers (PAIs)

PageSolicitationPageSolicitation packet packet

IDMP Paging (Cont.)IDMP Paging (Cont.)

MIMO-OFDMMIMO-OFDM

Technologies:Technologies: MIMOMIMO OFDMOFDM

Advantages:Advantages: reducing the fade margin reducing the fade margin double the data rate double the data rate frequency diversity frequency diversity allows different data rates allows different data rates

Performance: Performance: Fading Margins, Cell Size Fading Margins, Cell Size and Measured Data Rates and Measured Data Rates