emily schuvart. table of contents 1)nationalities 2)stem changing 3)para 4)indirect object pronouns...
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Grammar BookEmily Schuvart
Table of contents
• 1)Nationalities• 2)Stem changing• 3)Para• 4)Indirect object pronouns • 5)Object pronoun placement• 6)Gustar• 7)Affirmative and negative words• 8)Superlative verbs• 9)Reflexives• 10)Affirmative tu commands/irregulars/pronoun placement• 11)Negative tu commands• 12)Sequencing events
• 1)Nationalities• 2)Stem changing• 3)Para• 4)Indirect object pronouns • 5)Object pronoun placement• 6)Gustar• 7)Affirmative and negative words• 8)Superlative verbs• 9)Reflexives• 10)Affirmative tu commands/irregulars/pronoun placement• 11)Negative tu commands• 12)Sequencing events
Table of contents
Nationalities
Stem Changing
O UE
ParaPara
In order tooto, in order to, so as to, in order not to, so as not to.
Intended forfor, for the purpose of, intended for
Use para to indicate the recipient of items
Indirect Object Pronouns
The IO tells us where the DO is going. The IO answers the question "to whom?" or "for whom" the action of the verb is performed.
me compra buys (for) me
te comprabuys (for) you
les comprabuys (for) them
nos comprabuys (for) us
le comprabuys (for) her
os comprabuys (for) you-all
Object pronoun placement
• Attach the pronoun to the infinitive• Attach the pronoun to a progressive tense• Attach the pronoun to an affirmative
command• Place the pronoun before a conjugated verb
Gustar means to like. Gustar is not conjugated like other verbs, gustar in conjuated depending on the object.
Gustar
Ies
Nos
Le
Te
Me
Affirmative and negative wordsNada Nothing
Nadie No one
Ninguno Not any, none
Tampoco Neither, either
Algo Something
Alguien Someone
Alguno Some
Tambien Also
Superlatives
• Superlatives are added to adjectives or adverbs
• Used to mean very or extremely
Malo Malisimo
Muchas Muchisimas
Facil Facilisimo
Reflexives
• Used with reflexive verbs to indicate the subject receives the action of the verb.
• When using the reflexive verb, you must use an indirect object pronoun.
Me- to me Nos-to us
Te-to you
Le-to him/to her Les-to them
Affirmative commands/irregular/pronoun placement
Use affirmative commands to tell someone what to do.
Di
Haz
Ve
Se
Pon
Ten
Sal
Ven
Common comands
Negative tu commands/irregular/pronoun placement
• Used to tell what not to do.
Examples:Negative TÚ commandNo hables mucho Don’t talk a lotNo contestes las preguntas Don’t answer questions
Negative TÚ command No tomes Don’t drinkNo trabajes Don’t work
Sequencing EventsFirst Primero
then entonces
before antes
after despues
Finally finalmente
Later luego
Used to transition between different events or describe when you do something.