EMC 2410Intro to Electronic Media

Edward Bowen

Lecture Ten

Television Begins

Just What is Television?

Television is the electronic dissemination of still images in rapid enough succession to create the illusion of motion, and synchronized with sound.

And How Does Television Work?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UivqdpliyA0

Basic Image Formation

• Persistence of Vision and Moving Pictures.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3veFqnnob0A

Basic Image Formation

• Persistence of Vision and Moving Pictures.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0t9Edrlk7gc

Basic Image Formation• 1948: How Does A TV Work

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tb_EXSIfHjA

Basic Image Formation• 1948: How Does A TV Work

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qnu9jvgrq58

Basic Image Formation• Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)

• Phosphorus Dots / Pixels

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3OSTflMO80

Basic Image Formation• Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)

• RGB (Red, Green, Blue)

• Phosphorus Dots / Pixels

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cAZQxKaj8dk

Basic Image Formation• Electron Gun• Steering Coils• Phosphorus Screen

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GATkRMe_fl8

Basic Image Formation

• Scanning• Fields / Frames• Flicker Frequency: Flashes per second• Frames per second

http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/29889-assignment-discovery-tv-and-flicker-frequency-video.htm

Early Development

• 1884 - Paul Nipkow proposed and patented the first mechanical television system. He devised the notion of dissecting the image and transmitting it sequentially. To do this he designed the first television scanning device. He was 24 years old.

Early Development

• 1900 - The first known use of the word "television, or “to see from a distance” occurs at the World's Fair in Paris.

Early Development• Inventors attempt to build mechanical television systems based on

Nipkow's rotating disks or

• Inventors attempt to build electronic television systems based on the cathode ray tube developed independently in England and Russia in 1907.

• American Charles Jenkins and Scotsman John Baird follow the mechanical model while

• Philo Farnsworth, working independently in San Francisco, and Russian emigrant Vladimir Zworkin, working for Westinghouse and later for RCA under David Sarnoff, advance the electronic model.

• Electronic television systems eventual replaced mechanical systems.

Who is the Father of Television?

JohnLogieBaird

PhiloFarnsworth

VladimirZworykin

Or ?

David Sarnoff

John Logie Baird

Scottish by birth.Calvinist by upbringing.Loner.Driven.Tireless.Working in obscurity and poverty.

He is considered the inventor of mechanical television, basing his system on the the Nipkow Disc.

Baird - The Televisor• 1923 - Baird patents his television design. • 1924 - He builds a working prototype, the "Televisor." • It has a motor mounted in a tea chest, with a home-made

Nipkow disc (a cardboard circle cut from a hat box), a darning needle for a spindle, and a discarded biscuit box as a lamp housing, all assembled with sealing wax and string.

• Apart from the motor, his greatest investments are a few bull's-eye lenses, costing four pence each.

• He transmits a silhouette of a cross two or three yards.

Baird - The Televisor• October 2, 1925 - In his laboratory, Baird transmits the first

grayscale television picture, the head of a ventriloquist's dummy nicknamed "Stooky Bill," in a 30-line vertically scanned image, at five pictures per second.

Baird - The Televisor• He proceeds with public demonstrations …

Baird - The Televisor• And the media think him mad …

Baird - The Televisor• 1926 - Baird demonstrates a fully working prototype

of mechanical television, with grayscale moving images, to members of the Royal Institution at Baird's residence and laboratory.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PmjXwU0pYao

Baird - The Televisor

http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xcz4k7_milestones-in-science-engineering-n_shortfilms

http://www.hulu.com/watch/135526/milestones-in-science-and-engineering-nipkow-baird-zworykin-the-development-of-television

Baird - The Televisor

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9DFcYRxFdTI

Baird - The Televisor

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8GYGxEk0btA

Baird - The Televisor

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-yO07MQPMA

Baird - The Televisor• 1927 - Baird sends a cable transmission 438 miles to

Glasgow.• 1928 - Baird transmits images across the Atlantic

Ocean. • 1929 - With the BBC (British Broadcasting

Corporation), Baird begins experimental broadcasts.

Baird - The Televisor

“The Man With the Flower in His Mouth (1930) - the first televised drama produced in Britain,

screened by the BBC as part of their experimental transmissions.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJoYskwKxsM

Baird - The Televisor• 1935 - Scheduled electronic television broadcasting

begins in England, alternating between Baird’s and a competing system.

• Popular Mechanics articles described the competition.

Baird - The Televisor

Some 20,000 Baird Televisors would be sold across England and the Continent.

Baird - The TelevisorBaird moves on to

• Color Television (demonstrated in 1928)• Big Screen TV• Open Air Projections for Large Audiences• High Definition Television• 3-D Television

Before passing away in 1946.

Baird - The Televisor

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=upoWPhjZksk

Baird - The Televisor

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LGzFz2Nrq6s

Baird - The Televisor

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y6O_I9l1kok