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Libraries as publishers of open access digital

documents.Polish experiences

dr Marek NahotkoInstitute of Information Science and Librarianship

Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland

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Problems at the end of 20th century

• Dissatisfaction with research communication;• Dissatisfaction with information exchange;• Reasons of the dissatisfaction:

– Increase of publications prices,– Copyright-related issues,– Too long time interval between research and

publication.

• Effect: journal crisis and access crisis.

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The answer: digitalization of library collections

• First step: short-term tasks, realization services ordered by users;

• Second step: plan of library collection digitalization;

• Quick development: 2003 – 15 libraries, 2006 – 115 libraries, in that all universities (16).

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Reasons for collections digitalization

• Protect collections against destruction;• Increase of collections (usually valuable)

accessibility, in that own university press books and textbooks;

• Popularization and spreading of own university staff research by series and journals electronic editions;

• Participation in the overall strategies like eEurope, ePoland and others.

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Third step: libraries as publishers

• Digital libraries: documents digitalized by librarians from originals stored in traditional collections; no copyright;

• Repositories: digital-born documents of different kind: articles, PhD, MA, reports etc.; with copyright;

• Two organizational models of repositories: institutional and regional;

• Lack of subject repositories: next, future step?

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dLibra software

• Compiled at the Poznan Supercomputing and Networking Center (http://dlibra.psnc.pl);

• Used by all but few digital libraries and repositories in Poland;

• Developed to maintain of digital objects collections.

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Poznan SNC

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dLibra client-server configuration

• Server: all library functions, usually dedicated hardware, no access to end-user;

• Client for administrator and editor: enter new data;

• Client for end-user application: Web interface, access to DL objects.

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Client-server architecture

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Progress of dLibra applications

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dLIbra features

• Standards application: RSS, XML, RDF, OAI-PMH, MARC, Dublin Core;

• Successive object editions maintenance;• Grouping objects by common features, eg.

issues of the same series or journal;• Objects indexed by search engines (eg.

Google) – visible in Web;• Common search of all dLibra DLs resources.

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Case study:Kujawsko-Pomorska DL

• Made by Consortium leaded by Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun (http://kpbc.umk.pl/);

• One of oldest and largest DL in Poland;• Three collections:

– Research and teaching collection: textbooks, monographies and articles,

– Cultural heritage collection: rare books, manuscripts, music notes, maps and graphics,

– Regional records on Kujawy and Pomerania regions.

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Kujawsko-Pomorska DL

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Kujawsko-Pomorska DL

48%

34%

7%4%

7%

Newspapers

Journals

Books

Graphics

Other

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New digital librarians

• Changes in roles during the process of electronic publishing;

• Librarians as a participants in electronic publishing (electronic library publishing houses);

• Transition from old to new tools: eg. from MARC to Dublin Core;

• New skills are necessary, like compilation and edition of contents.

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Communication model of polish DLs

Function ProcessPerformed

byFinanced by

Registration Delivery of a digitalized text

Librarians Repository

Certification Review Researcher - reviewer

Publisher of the printed original

Circulation Open repositories

Librarians University level schools, local government

Archivization Permanent access

Librarians University level schools, local government

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Future direction: Open Access

• Cooperation between university libraries and publishers to publish OA journals and series;

• Transition from traditional library via digital library to digital publisher;

• Process of making contents of scientific journals available as OA just started.

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Polish journals on Web

Web pages of polish journals

31%39%

30% No Web pages

Contents/Abstracts

Full texts

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Conclusions

• New initiative of national repository in Poland (eg. DIR based on Virtual Library of Science – http://vls.icm.edu.pl/);

• Polish model: connection of digital library of old, digitalized objects with repository of a new, digital-born ones;

• Transition of scientific publications to a new paradigm: shift from print to electronic.

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Thank you for your attention!

Email to me: nahotko@inib.uj.edu.pl