elevation (feet) - michigan · duce rd hewitt rd norman rd metcalf rd. 94 black river assessment...

84

Black River Assessment

Figure 19.– Surface map (upper figure) shows general land surface features of the Black River main stem. Dark line (smoothed) on graph (bottom figure) shows vertical profile of entire length of main stem with gradual and steeper portions clearly visible. Gray vertical lines on graph indicate locations of road crossings, segment boundaries, and Wingford Dam. Horizontal black line on graph shows current water level in Lake Huron.

Lake Huron water level

Norm

an R

d.

Wad

hams

Rd.

10th

Ave.

Bear

d Rd.

Galbr

aith L

ine R

d

Aitke

n Rd

Was

hingto

n Rd

Deck

ervil

le Rd

Wing

ford D

am

Coms

tock R

d.Peck

Rd

Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 Segment 4

Ele

vatio

n (fe

et)

560

600

640

680

720

760

800

Distance (miles)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

85


Figure 20.– Segment 1 (headwaters) of the Black River main stem (upper) with all road crossings for geographic reference. The outer rectangle covers 100,217 acres and the river segment is 15.0 miles long. River flow is southeast. Lower graph shows elevation change along this river segment. Smoothed line may indicate higher elevations downstream due to inherent errors in the source for digital elevation.

Mills Rd

Richmondville Rd

Stone RdShabbona Rd

E Deckerville Rd

Downington Rd

E Nicol RdForester Rd

E Snover Rd

Wheeler Rd

E Eddy Rd

Sanilac Rd

Range Line Rd

S Ruth Rd

Washington Rd

Hyde RdStringer Rd

Berkshire Rd

N Sandusky Rd

N Gates Rd

Banner Rd

N Church Rd

Maple Grove Rd

0 1

Miles

2N

N C

hurc

h R

d

San

ilac

Rd

N R

uth

Rd

Whe

eler

Rd

Sno

ver R

d

Fore

ster

Rd

Nic

ol R

dDow

ning

ton

Rd

Dec

kerv

ille

Rd

Sha

bbon

a R

d

Sto

ne R

d

Ric

hmon

dvill

e R

d

Distance (mi)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Ele

vatio

n (ft

)

720

740

760

780

800

820

86


Figure 21.– Segment 2 of the Black River main stem (upper) with all road crossings for geographic reference. The outer rectangle covers 100,287 acres and the river segment is 17.5 miles. River flow is south. Lower graph shows elevation change along this river segment. Smoothed line may indicate higher elevations downstream due to inherent errors in the source for digital elevation.

Peck Rd

Aitken Rd

Hyde Rd

Hall RdW

ildcat Rd

Kilgore Rd

Babcock Rd

Harrington Rd

Crosw

ell Rd

Brown R

d

S Loree Rd

French Line Rd

Wixson R

d

Goetze R

d

Washington Rd

Walker Rd

Stilson Rd

Roach Rd

Greening R

d

Marlette Rd

Burns Line Rd

Mortimer Line Rd

Applegate Rd

Maple G

rove Rd

Applegate Rd

S Church R

d

Sherman St

Sheridan Line Rd

Croswell

0 1

Miles

2

N

Distance (mi)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

Ele

vatio

n (ft

)

680

700

720

740

760

780

800

820

Pec

k R

d (C

rosw

ell D

am)

Har

ringt

on R

d

Aitk

en R

d

App

lega

te R

d

Fren

ch L

ine

Rd

Was

hing

ton

Rd

87


Figure 22.– Segment 3 of the Black River main stem (upper) with all road crossings for geographic reference. The outer rectangle covers 154,423 acres and the river segment is 29.5 miles. River flow is south. Lower graph shows elevation change along this river segment.

0 1

Miles

2

N

Galbraith Line Rd

Fisher Rd

Jeddo Rd Comstock Rd

Norman Rd

Avoca Rd

Beard Rd

Glyshaw Dr

Distance (mi)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

Ele

vatio

n (ft

)

550

600

650

700

750

800

Bea

rd R

d (W

ingf

ord

Dam

)

Gly

shaw

Dr

Nor

man

Rd

Com

stoc

k R

d

Jedd

o R

d

Fish

er R

d

Gal

brai

th L

ine

Rd

88


Figure 23.– Segment 4 of the Black River main stem (upper) with all road crossings for geographic reference. The outer rectangle covers 55,196 acres and the river segment is 10.9 miles. River flow is east. Lower graph shows elevation change along this river segment..

Keewahdin Rd

Krafft Rd

N River Rd

W Water St

Lapeer Rd

Vincent RdW I 94

North R

d

Parker Rd

State Rd

Michigan R

d

Griswold Rd

Port Huron

Black River Canal

0 1

Miles

2

N

Distance (mi)

0 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 94 10 11

Ele

vatio

n (ft

)

530

550

570

590

610

630

650

Mili

tary

St

Erie

St

10th

Ave

W I

94

89


Figure 24.– Berry Drain subwatershed (upper) with all road crossings for geographic reference. The outer rectangle covers 74,018 acres and the river segment is 7.6 miles. River flow is east. Lower graph shows elevation change along this tributary.

Downington Rd

Nicol Rd

Forester Rd

W Eddy Rd

E Sanilac Rd

W Miller Rd

N B

anner Rd

E Snover Rd

N S

andusky Rd

N G

ates Rd

S S

tringer Rd

S Tow

n Line Rd

Freiberger Rd

Shelden R

d

S Fitch R

d

S R

uth Rd

Church R

d

Wheeler Rd

Berkshire R

d

E Walker Rd

Sandusky

0 1

Miles

2

N

Distance (mi)

0 1 2 3 5 64 7 8

Ele

vatio

n (ft

)

740

750

760

770

780

Ran

ge L

ine

Rd

Whe

eler

Rd

Ber

kshi

re R

dN S

tring

er R

d

E E

ddy

Rd

N B

anne

r Rd

E E

ddy

Rd

N S

tout

enbe

rg R

d

N S

andu

sky

Rd

Whe

eler

Rd

90


Figure 25.– Elk Creek subwatershed (upper, dotted boundary) with all road crossings for geographic reference. The outer rectangle covers 297,713 acres and the river segment is 28.3 miles. River flow is northeast. Lower graph shows elevation change along this tributary.

E Walker Rd

E French Line Rd

Applegate Rd

Marlette RdAitken Rd

E Stilson Rd

E Harrington Rd

Peck Rd

Carroll Rd

Brooks Rd

W Burns Line Rd

Galbraith Line Rd

Fisher Rd

Washington Rd

Melvin R

d

Banner R

d

Isles Rd

Elmer R

d

Bailey R

d

Gosline R

d

Brow

n Rd

Todd Rd

Kilgore R

d

Duquette R

d

Jordan Rd

Arendt R

d

Mow

erson Rd

Shephard Rd

Cade R

d

W Miller Rd

Sanilac Rd

Yale RdJeddo Rd

W Eddy Rd

Sandusky

Peck

Melvin

Brown City

Yale0 1

Miles

2

N

Distance (mi)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28

Ele

vatio

n (ft

)

690

710

730

750

770

790

810

830

850

Mow

erso

n R

d

Car

roll

Rd

W A

itken

Rd

App

lega

te R

d

Was

hing

ton

Rd

Gal

brai

th L

ine

Rd

S B

anne

r Rd

She

phar

d R

d

91


Figure 26.– Black Creek subwatershed (upper, dotted boundary) with all road crossings for geographic reference. The outer rectangle covers 110,439 acres and the river segment is 16.3 miles. River flow is east. Lower graph shows elevation change along this tributary.

E Peck Rd

Sheridan Line Rd

Mortimer Line Rd

Burns Line Rd

Gardner Line Rd

Galbraith Line Rd

E Wellman Line Rd

Fisher Rd

Jeddo Rd

Yale Rd

Cribbins R

dBlack R

iver Rd

Crosw

ell Rd

Fargo Rd

Kilgore Rd

Duce R

d

Todd Rd

Bricker Rd

Duquette R

d

Jordan Rd

Arendt Rd

Comstock Rd

Fremont Rd

Brockway R

d

Brown R

d

Wildcat R

d

Yale

0 1

Miles

2

N

Distance (mi)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Ele

vatio

n (ft

)

650

670

690

710

730

750

770

790

810

830

850

Bla

ck R

iver

Rd

Crib

bins

Rd

Farg

o R

d

Todd

Rd

Gal

brai

th L

ine

Rd

Kilg

ore

Rd

Com

stoc

k R

d

Bro

wn

Rd

Bric

ker R

dE

Gal

brai

th L

ine

Rd

Cor

k R

dE

Fre

mon

t Rd

E F

rem

ont R

dD

uque

tte R

d

Bro

ckw

ay R

d

92


Figure 27.– Silver Creek subwatershed (upper, dotted boundary) with all road crossings for geographic reference. The outer rectangle covers 77,011 acres and the river segment is 11.5 miles. River flow is east. Lower graph shows elevation change along this tributary.

Comstock Rd

Oatman Rd

Yale Rd

Jeddo Rd

Fisher Rd

Wilkes Rd

Norman Rd

Metcalf Rd

E Wellman Line Rd

Fargo Rd

Duce R

d

Cribbins R

d

Emm

ett Rd

Kilgore Rd

Brown R

d

Bricker Rd

Yale

0 1

Miles

2

N

Distance (mi)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Ele

vatio

n (ft

)

650

670

690

710

730

750

770

Jedd

o R

d.

Com

stoc

k R

d.

Yal

e R

d.

Oat

man

Rd.

Duc

e R

d.

Crib

bens

Rd.

93


Figure 28.– Plum Creek subwatershed (upper, dotted boundary) with all road crossings for geographic reference. The outer rectangle covers 38,064 acres and the river segment is 9.3 miles. River flow is northeast. Lower graph shows elevation change along this tributary.

Norman Rd

Metcalf Rd

Hewitt RdKilburn R

d

Graham

Rd

Fargo Rd

Kilgore Rd

Brown R

d

Duce R

d

Cribbins R

d

Avoca Rd

Comstock Rd

Beard Rd

Oatman Rd

Wilkes Rd

0 1

Miles

2

N

Distance (mi)

0 2 4 6 8 10

Ele

vatio

n (ft

)

620

640

660

680

700

720

740

760

780

Gra

ham

Rd

Kilb

urn

Rd

Crib

bins

Rd

Farg

o R

d

Hew

itt R

d

Duc

e R

d

Nor

man

Rd

Met

calf

Rd

94


Figure 29. Mill Creek subwatershed (upper, dotted boundary) with all road crossings for geographic reference. The outer rectangle covers 377,950 acres and the river segment is 53.2 miles. River flow is northeast to southeast. Lower graph shows elevation change along tributary.–

Norman Rd

Imlay City Rd

Cade R

d

Blacks C

orners Rd

Jeddo Rd Yale Rd

Burnside Rd

W I 69

Kilgore Rd

Brown C

ity Rd

Norman Rd

Arendt Rd

Emm

ett Rd

Bricker Rd

Cribbins R

d

Lake Pleasant R

d

Capac R

d

Fisher Rd

Jeddo Rd

Brow

n City R

d

0 1

Miles

2

N

Distance (mi)

0 10 20 30 40 50

Ele

vatio

n (ft

)

520

560

600

640

680

720

760

800

840

880

920

Crib

bins

Rd

Kilg

ore

Rd

Bric

ker R

d

Em

met

t Rd

Nor

man

Rd

Yal

e R

d (P

ark

Ave

)

Jedd

o R

dJe

ddo

Rd

Are

ndt R

d

Yal

e R

d

Cap

ac R

d

Cad

e R

d

Bro

wn

City

Rd

N B

lack

s C

orne

rs R

d

95


Figure 30.–Locations for three significant dams, two on the Black River main stem and one on Mill Creek indicated by large crosshair symbols. The smaller crosshair symbol shows location of a relic dam structure. Small, black dots show locations of small, mostly private dams listed in the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality dams database. Gray lines show boundaries of subwatersheds, solid black lines show the Black River and major tributaries. Dotted black lines delineate river segments.

Croswell Dam

Yale Dam

Relicstructure

Wingford Dam

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper0 5 10

Miles

N

ð

ð

ð

#

#

#

#

#

ð

96


Figure 31.– Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) for Michigan Department of Natural Resources water temperature sensors deployed in the Black River watershed. Dotted lines divide major analysis segments of the Black River main stem and Mill Creek.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

0 5 10

Miles

N

ðð

ðð

ðð

ð

ð

ð ð

ð

ð

ð

Black River at Beard Rd.

Black Riverat Aitken Rd.

Black Riverat Graham Rd.

Black Riverat Wadhams Rd.

Black Riverat French-Line Rd.

Black Riverat Forester Rd.

Black Riverat Mills Rd.

Elk Creek at Forester Rd.

Mill Creekat Cade Rd. Mill Creek

at Wilkes Rd.

Black Riverat Galbraith-Line Rd.

Mill Creek at Kilgore Rd.

Black Riverin Port Huron

97


Figure 32.– Average water temperature during July and August at nine stations located near road crossings in the Black River (BR) main stem, one station in Elk Creek, and three stations in Mill Creek.

Temperature sensor location

BR at M

ills R

d.

BR at Fore

ster R

d.

BR at Fren

ch-Li

ne R

d.

BR at A

itken

Rd.

BR at G

albrai

th-Lin

e Rd.

BR at G

raham

Rd.

BR at B

eard

Rd.

BR at W

adha

ms Rd.

BR in P

ort H

uron

N.a.N.

Elk Cree

k at F

oreste

r Rd.

Mill Cree

k at C

ade R

d.

Mill Cree

k at W

ilkes

Rd.

Mill Cree

k at K

ilgore

Rd.

Wat

er te

mpe

ratu

re (F

)

68

70

72

74

76

78

JulyAugust

98


Figure 33.– Map of commercial and municipal entities that have National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits in the Black River watershed. Numbers identify the permitted activities listed in Table 6.

0 5 10

Miles

N

A

A

A

A

A

AA

A

A

A

A

AAAA

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

A

AA

A

A

A

A

A

A

AAA

A

A

A

AA

AAA

A

A

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

51

5049

4847

4645

44

43

42

41

40

39

38

37

36

35

34

33

32

3112

30

29

28

27

26

25

24

23

22

21

20

19

18

17

16

1514

11

10

99


Figure 34.– Map of 996.6 miles of designated drains within the Black River watershed. Dark line shows the watershed boundary.

0 5 10

Miles

N

100


Figure 35.– Map of 56.1 miles of designated drains within the Berry Drain subwatershed. Dotted line shows the subwatershed boundary.

Fye

Dwight

Kenny

Stone

Baerwolf

Graves

Black

Rich

Custer County

Badgero

Bradshaw

Gauge

Fry

Sandusky

Dwight Ext. #1

Dwight Ext. #2

Br. #1 Kenny

Custer County Extension

Br. #3 Baerwolf

Branch Rich

BerryStone

Howse

N

0 1

Miles

2

101


Figure 36.– Map of 347.2 miles of designated drains within the Elk Creek subwatershed. Dotted line shows the subwatershed boundary.

Potts

Potts

Setter

Elk C

reek

Cork

French

Eggert

Winters

HaleSmalldon

York

Large

Witmer

Rylan

d

Beals & Frizzle

Jones

Topping

Varney

Rickett

Parks

McPhe

rson

Rowe

Lape

er & Sani

lac

Langdon Hydorn

Cline

McDonald

Mullaney

Scott

Welch

Powers

Roskey

Recor

Eagle

Omar

d

Mulle

n

Fletcher

Methven

Crow

Macklem

Engle

Hunt

Lord

Beemer

Phillips

AlexanderBr.

#2 Se

tter

Miller

Cummer

Baum

Melvin

Solan

Elholz

Shell

Siefert

Severance

Cloclough

Adams

Br. #1 Lord

Brown

Murphy

Watertown State

ThomasSims

onParkinson

Ricket

Harneck

Br. #3 o

f Sett

er

Cowley

Br. #1 French

Br #1 Potts

Utter Branch

Stimson

Br. #1 Welch

Rumble

Windsor

Hoga

rth

McElroy

Elk C

reek

Setter

Elk C

reek

Elk Creek

McElh

enne

yLaidlaw

Spring Creek

N

0 1

Miles

2

102


Figure 37.– Map of 75.3 miles of designated drains within the Black Creek subwatershed. Dotted line shows the subwatershed boundary and lighter gray line shows portion of Black Creek not having drain designation.

Perry

Jackson Creek

Seymore Creek

Turner

WilleyBlack Creek

Brennan

LawsonTe

ets

Coon

Allen

Robertson

Crouce

Liverg

ood &

Ext.

Sheridan

Liverg

ood E

xt.

Rector

Bradley

William Doan

Br. #2 W

illey

Burns

Br. #

1 Per

ry

Ext 2 McIntyre & Willing

Nelson & Spencer

Br. #1 Seymore Ck.

Jackson Creek

0 1

Miles

2

N

103


Figure 38.– Map of 43.9 miles of designated drains within the Silver Creek subwatershed. Dotted line shows the subwatershed boundary and lighter gray line shows portion of Silver Creek not having drain designation.

Eves

Hayes

Jack

son

Neil

Blac

k

HolleyFuselein

Wilson

VincentBricker

Gorman

Br. #2 Eves

Furlong

Eves Ext.

Br. #3

Wille

y

Br. #1 Eves

Butch

er

Br. #2

Fuse

lein

Preston

Eves

0 1

Miles

2

N

104


Figure 39.– Map of 13.0 miles of designated drains within the Plum Creek subwatershed. Dotted line shows the subwatershed boundary and lighter gray line shows portion of Plum Creek not having drain designation.

Hill

Pohly

Todd

Plum Creek

Plum Creek

Engles

Youngs

Neil

Br. #1 Plum Creek

0 1

Miles

2

N

105


Figure 40.– Map of 166.2 miles of designated drains within the Mill Creek subwatershed. Dotted line shows the subwatershed boundary and lighter gray line shows portion of Mill Creek not having drain designation.

White

Black - Seagate & Reid

Root

N. Br. M

ill Cree

k

Galley

Seidel

South Br. Mill C

reek

SloatWait

Crow

Anchor

Jurn

Madison

North Br. Mill Creek

GleasonWendt

Brant Lake

Downey

WeitzigMi

ddlet

on

Winn

Ohmer

StevensonMehargFlansburg

Kolb

Kriesc

h

Stoney Creek

Lumbar Cadillac

Franklin

Clarkson

Weese

Courter Sanilac - St. Clair

Kenn

ey

Cole

Thody

Barb

er Brandy Run

East Goodland

Utley

Sprotberry

Booth

Willoughby - Toman

BundeGleason Br. #1

Elgin

No. 2

11

Ditch

ler

Shee

hy

Benk

e

Lovejoy Ext

0 1

Miles

2

N

106


Figure 41.– Map of 124.8 miles of designated drains within Segment 1 of Black River watershed. Gray buffer shows actual stretch of river assigned to Segment 1.

Black River

Bishop

Ritchie

Wilkins

Nichol

Pyette

Hewitt

Black River & Swercz

Darlington

Theyer

Paige

Burget

GrandyThompson

Shrapnell

Br. #4 Ritchie

Smith (1896)

Dwigh

t (old

)

Br. #1 Nichol

Carroll Cut-off

Freel

Gordon

McDonald (1948)

Br. #1 Ritchie

Laughren

McManus

Dugga

n

Leonar

d

Merriman

SouthworthBr. A of Br. #4 Ritchie

Lux

Br. #2 RitchiePelton (upper part)

Swer

cz R

elief

Br. O

of B

r. #4 R

itchie

Ritchie Sherwood Outlet

Bishop

Black River

Gordon

0 1

Miles

2

N

107


Figure 42.– Map of 72.5 miles of designated drains within Segment 2 of Black River watershed which includes the upper portion of the main stem. Gray buffer shows actual stretch of Black River main stem assigned to Segment 2.

Mills

Pabs

t

Arnot

Taylor

Mclelland

Black River Intercounty

SmythMurray

Watson

May

Johnston

Croswell

Carsonville

Wagner

Freeman

Black River

Herk

Jenny

? Br. Mills

Kelley

Br. #1 Arnot

Br. #1 Pabst

Achenson

Br. #3 Pabst

Br. #

3 Kott

Wagner

Mills

0 1

Miles

2

N

108


Figure 43.– Map of 8.0 miles of designated drains within Segment 3 of Black River watershed. Gray buffer shows actual stretch of Black River main stem assigned to Segment 3. None of the Black River main stem is designated a drain in this segment.

Mason

Coats

Glyshaw

O'DetteKingsley

Rattray

0 1

Miles

2

N

109


Figure 44.– Map of 23.9 miles of designated drains within Segment 4 of Black River watershed. Gray buffer shows actual stretch of Black River main stem assigned to Segment 4. None of the Black River main stem is designated a drain in this segment.

Price

Howe

War

ner

Baldwin

Gossman

Routley

Blac

kney

Hopps

Brand

ymore

Ext. Moore

Br #1 Moore

Br. #1 GossmanBlack R

iver Canal

StimsonStorm Sewer

Br. #2 Price

0 1

Miles

2

N

110


Figure 45.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) and year surveyed for Michigan Department of Natural Resources fish sampled with a backpack shocker in the Black River watershed. Dotted lines divide major analysis segments of the Black River main stem and Mill Creek.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

0 5 10

Miles

N

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð Backpack shocker survey

Black Creek at Fargo Rd 2005

Black River at Church Rd 1978

Black River at Custer Rd 1972

Black River at Forester Rd1972 & 1978

Black River at Mills Rd1978 & 1995

Black River at Shabonna Rd 1978 & 1995

Elk Creek at S. Banner Rd 2005

Plum Creek at Graham Rd 2006

Silver Creek at Jeddo Rd 2005

Speaker & Maple Valley Drainat School Rd 2005

111


Figure 46.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) and year surveyed for Michigan Department of Natural Resources fish sampled with a stream shocker in the main stem of the Black River. Dotted lines divide major analysis segments of the Black River main stem.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower


Miles

N

ð Black River stream shocker survey

ðð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

Black River at Ruth Rd. 2006

Black River at Church Rd. 1972 & 2006

Elk Creek at Washington Rd. 1991Black River at Washington Rd. 1972

Black River at Applegate Rd. 1988 & 2005Black River at Aitken Rd. 1972

Black River at Roach Rd. 2006Croswell Impoundment 1989

Black River at Galbraith-Line Rd. 1978 & 2005

Black River at Fisher Rd. 1972Black River at Jeddo Rd. 1972Black River at Comstock Rd. 1972, 1978, & 1988

Black River at Ford Impoundment 1978 & 2006Black River at Beard Rd. 1978, 1988, & 2005

Black River at I94 boat launch 1978

Black River at Wadhams Rd. 1978

112


Figure 47.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) and year surveyed for Michigan Department of Natural Resources fish sampled with a stream shocker in Mill Creek which is a major tributary of the Black River. Dotted lines divide major analysis segments of the Black River main stem and Mill Creek.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

ð Mill Creek stream shocker survey

0 5 10

Miles

N

ðð

ð

ðð

ð

ð

ðð

ðð ð

N. Br. Mill Creekat N. Blacks Corners Rd. 1991

Mill Creek at Mason Rd. 1984

Mill Creek at Jeddo Rd. 1984 & 2005

Mill Creekat Yale Rd. 1984

Mill Creek at Wilkes Rd. 1984 & 2005

Mill Creek at M-19 Bridge 1984

Mill Creek at Bricker Rd. 1984 & 2005

Mill Creek east of Duce Rd. 1981

Mill Creek at Ruby Campground 2006

Mill Creek at Abbottsford Rd. 2006

S. Br. Mill Creekat Norman Rd. 1991

Mill Creek at Norman Rd. 1984

113


Figure 48.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) and year surveyed for Michigan Department of Natural Resources fish sampled with a boom shocker in the main stem of the Black River. Dotted lines divide major analysis segments of the Black River main stem.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

ð Boom shocker survey

0 5 10

Miles

N

ð

ð

ððð

Black River at Beard Rd. 2006

Black River at Wadhams Rd. 2006

40th Street Pond south of Lapeer Rd. 1982

Black River at I94 2002 & 2005Black River at railroad drawbridge 2002

114


Figure 49.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) and year surveyed for Michigan Department of Natural Resources fish sampled with rotenone in the main stem of the Black River and lower Mill Creek. Dotted lines divide major analysis segments of the Black River main stem and Mill Creek.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

ð Rotenone survey in 1984

0 5 10

Miles

Nð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

Black River at Deckerville Rd.

Black River at Ruth Rd.

Black River at Church Rd. Black River at Applegate Rd.

Black River at Croswell City Park

Croswell Impoundment

Black River at Galbraith-Line Rd.

Black River at Comstock Rd.

Black River at Beard Rd.

Black River at Wadhams Rd.

Mill Creek at Abbottsford Rd.

115


Figure 50.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) and year surveyed for Michigan Department of Natural Resources fish sampled with trap nets in backwater areas above dams on the main stem of the Black River and in two human-made ponds located close to the river. Dotted lines divide major analysis segments of the Black River main stem and Mill Creek.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

ð Trap Net Survey

0 5 10

Miles

N

ð

ð

ð

ð

Croswell Impoundment1972 & 1994

Hewitt Pit at end of Hewitt Rd. 1993Black River at Ford Impoundment 1984

40th Street Pond south of Lapeer Rd. 1981, 1988, & 1998

116


Figure 51.–Number of fish species captured in Michigan Department of Natural Resources surveys by year for each of five sampling techniques. Surveys were conducted in 14 of 35 years between 1972 and 2006.

Year survey conducted

1972 1978 1981 1984 1988 1991 1994 1998 2002 2006Num

ber o

f fis

h sp

ecie

s ca

ptur

ed b

y ge

ar ty

pe

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

Backpack shocker Boom shocker Stream shocker Rotenone Impoundment gear

117


Figure 52.–Number of sites that fish populations were surveyed in the Black River watershed by Michigan Department of Natural Resources by year and each of five sampling techniques. A site was considered to be the contiguous area sampled at a single geographic location, usually at or near a road crossing. Surveys were conducted in 14 of 35 years between 1972 and 2006.

Year survey conducted

1972 1978 1981 1984 1988 1991 1994 1998 2002 2006

Num

ber o

f site

s su

rvey

ed b

y ge

ar ty

pe

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

Backpack shockerBoom shockerStream shockerRotenoneImpoundment gear

118


Figure 53.–July water temperature at 11 sites in the Black River plotted on axes designed to separate meaningful fish habitat thermal regimes (Wehrly et al. 2003). Thermal category boundaries for each axis are defined as: cold (<19 0C), cool (19 to <22 0C), and warm (≥22 0C) mean temperatures; and stable (<5 0C), moderate (5 to <10 0C), and extreme (≥10 0C) temperature fluctuations.

Mean temperature (C)

8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28

Tem

pera

ture

fluc

tuat

ion

(C)

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

119


Figure 54.–Geographic locations within the Black River watershed for fish records in the Michigan Fish Atlas database that have status on the state list of species of special concern. Eastern sand darter (Ammocrypta pellucida) and lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) are state threatened species and pugnose shiner (Notropis anogenus) is a species of special concern.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower


Miles

N

$

$

$

$

$

Eastern sand darter

State listed fish species

Pugnose shiner

Lake sturgeon

120


Figure 55.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) for all United States Fish and Wildlife Service sea lamprey survey activities in the Black River watershed. Heavy lines show dams that are significant barriers to upstream fish migration. Ford’s Dam is now known as Wingford Dam.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

0 5 10

Miles

N

ððð ððððððððððððððððððððððððððð ððððððð ð ðððððððððððððððððððððð

ððð

ð

ððððð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ðð

ð

ð

ððð

ðð

ðð

ð

ðððð

ð

ð

ðð

ð

ð

ð

ðððð

ð

ðð

ðð

ð

ð

ð ðð

ðð

ð

ð

ð

Croswell Dam

Yale Dam

ð Lamprey survey station

Wingford Dam

121


Figure 56.–Lamprey ammocete Ichthyomyzon spp. capture locations during United States Fish and Wildlife Service survey activities in the Black River watershed. These ammocetes are not readily identified to species in the field. Heavy lines show dams that are significant barriers to upstream fish migration. Ford’s Dam is now known as Wingford Dam.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

Wingford Dam

0 5 10

Miles

N

Croswell Dam

Yale Dam

ððð ððððððððððððððððððððððððððð ððððððð ð ðððððððððððððððððððððð

ððð

ð

ððððð


122


Figure 57.–American brook lamprey Lampetra appendix capture locations during United States Fish and Wildlife Service survey activities in the Black River watershed. Heavy lines show dams that are significant barriers to upstream fish migration. Ford’s Dam is now known as Wingford Dam.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

0 5 10

Miles

N

Croswell Dam

Yale Dam

ðð

ð


Wingford Dam

123


Figure 58.–Northern brook lamprey Ichthyomyzon castaneus capture locations during United States Fish and Wildlife Service survey activities in the Black River watershed. Heavy lines show dams that are significant barriers to upstream fish migration. Ford’s Dam is now known as Wingford Dam.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

Wingford Dam

0 5 10

Miles

N

Croswell Dam

Yale Dam

ððð


124


Figure 59.–Silver lamprey Ichthyomyzon unicuspis capture locations during United States Fish and Wildlife Service survey activities in the Black River watershed. Heavy lines show dams that are significant barriers to upstream fish migration. Ford’s Dam is now known as Wingford Dam.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

Wingford Dam

0 5 10

Miles

N

Croswell Dam

Yale Dam

ððð


125


Figure 60.–Sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus capture locations during United States Fish and Wildlife Service survey activities in the Black River watershed. Heavy lines show dams that are significant barriers to upstream fish migration. Ford’s Dam is now known as Wingford Dam.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

Wingford Dam

0 5 10

Miles

N

Croswell Dam

Yale Dam

ððð


126


Figure 61.–Map of eight Michigan Water Resources Commission (now Michigan Department of Environmental Quality) biological surveys in the Black River watershed. Circles cover stretches of river that had sample stations each year that a survey was conducted.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

0 5 10

Miles

NBounds for MDEQ survey

2005

19732002

1982

1968

1992

1982

2007

127


Figure 62.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) for Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Water Bureau 2004-05 biological survey stations (3) in Berry Drain, the major tributary to the Black River in Segment 1.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower


Miles

N

Biological survey stations 2004-05

1

3

2

128


Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

0 5 10

Miles

N

ð

$ Targeted sites for visual observationsand water chemistry in 2007

Biological survey stations 2007

ð

ð

ðð ð

ð

ðð

ð

ð

ð

ð

ðð

ð

$$$$$$

$$$$

$$$ $$

$

$

$

9

8

7

6

543

2

1

15

14

13

12

11

10

R

Q

P

ONM

LKJ

I IH G

EFCD

BA

Figure 63.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) for Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Water Bureau during 2007 at 15 random biological survey stations (numbered) and 18 fixed targeted stations (lettered) for visual observations and water chemistry in the Black River and major tributaries (Schmitt 2008).

129


Figure 64.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) for Michigan Water Resources Commission (now Michigan Department of Environmental Quality) 1968 biological survey stations (8) in the vicinity of Michigan Sugar Company (segments 2 and 3 of the Black River).

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower


Miles

N


876

543 2

1

130


Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

0 5 10

Miles

N


98

76

54

3

2

1

24232221

2019

17

1816

15

14

13

12

1110

Figure 65.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) for Michigan Water Resources Commission (now Michigan Department of Environmental Quality) 1973 biological survey stations (24) in the Black River (segments 2, 3, and 4).

131


Figure 66.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) for Michigan Department of Natural Resources Surface Water Quality Division (now in Michigan Department of Environmental Quality) 1982 biological survey stations (6) in the Black River near Croswell (segments 2 and 3).

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower


Miles

N


6

54

3

2

1

132


Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

0 5 10

Miles

N


13

16

18

10

11

12

14 1517

19

Figure 67.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) for Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Water Bureau 1992 biological survey stations (20) in the Black River (segments 2 and 3), lower segment of Mill Creek (16-19), Elk Creek (10), Black Creek (12), and Silver Creek (14).

133


Figure 68.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) for Michigan Department of Natural Resources Surface Water Quality Division (now in Michigan Department of Environmental Quality) 1992 biological survey stations (4) in the Black River (segments 2, 3, and 4).

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower


Miles

N


4

3

2

1

134


Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower

Mill Creek upper

0 5 10

Miles

N

Mill Creek volunteer sites

9

8

7 6

5

4

3

2 1

Figure 69.–Geographic locations for nine survey sites used since 2003 by participants in the Mill Creek Volunteer Monitoring Project, in cooperation with Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, to assess the quality of aquatic habitats and biota in Mill Creek. Station numbers are those used by project personnel.

135


Figure 70.–Geographic locations for five native mussel survey sites used in 2005 by Douglas Sweet for the Michigan Natural Heritage Program (Sweet 2005). Station numbers are those used by the author.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower


Miles

N

Native mussel survey sites 2005

2

3

4

5

6

136


Number of bird species3 - 14

15 - 21

22 - 28

29 - 33

34 - 41

42 - 47

48 - 57

58 - 69

70 - 87

88 - 116

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower


Miles

N

Native mussel survey sites 2005

Figure 71.–Map of the number of bird species observed during breeding activities within the Black River watershed. Data, obtained from Breeding Bird Atlas Explorer (2008), were summarized by 9.5 mi2 blocks and plotted at the block center as circles sized to represent the number of species. Gray blocks show Michigan Department of Natural Resources state game areas.

137


Figure 72.–Geographic locations (usually near road crossing) for Michigan Department of Natural Resources fish stocked in the main stem of the Black River (segments 2 and 3) and lower Mill Creek. Dotted lines divide major analysis sections of the Black River main stem and Mill Creek.

Lake Huron

St. Clair River

Segment

1Segm

ent 2

Segment 2Segment 3

Segm

ent 3

Segm

ent 4

Mill Creek Lower


Miles

N

Fish planting sites

138


Black River - Section 1

Robinson Rd

Shelden Rd

Ubley Rd

Stone Rd

Mills Rd

Palms Rd

Vorona Rd

Wetzel Rd

Reinelt Rd

Shabbona Rd

Charleston Rd

0 5

Miles

N

MDNR public access and parking

Figure 73.–Map of Michigan Department of Natural Resources lands (MDNR) (shaded squares) within both the Black River watershed and the Minden City State Game area. There are 5,875 acres of land open to public access with five public parking areas maintained by Wildlife Division of MDNR. These parking lots provide excellent access to the land and river for hunting, fishing (very small streams), and many other outdoor activities.

139


Figure 74.–Map of Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) lands (shaded squares) within both the Black River watershed and the Port Huron State Game area. There are 5,732 acres of land open to public access with 24 public parking areas maintained by Wildlife Division of MDNR. These parking lots provide excellent access to the land and river for hunting, fishing, bird watching, and many other outdoor activities.

Norman Rd

Beard Rd

Myron Rd

Metcalf Rd

Wildcat Rd

Rynn RdFargo Rd

Keewahdin Rd

Kilgore Rd

Cribbins Rd

North Rd

Mill Creek

Plum Creek

Silver Creek

Black River

N

0 5

Miles

MDNR public access and parking

elevation (feet) - michigan · duce rd hewitt rd norman rd metcalf rd. 94 black river assessment...

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