electrostatic levitation furnace position with
TRANSCRIPT
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Electrostatic Levitation Furnace (ELF)
This furnace can control the sample position with electrostatic force and heat it above 2000 degree Celsius using semiconductor laser from four different directions.
JAXA plans to measure the thermal properties(density, surface tension and visocity) of oxides in ISS, which are very difficult to measure on ground.
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Electrostatic Levitator in JAXA :
Diagnostics
The position of the sample will be controlled at 1kHz(maximum). During the oscillation, the control speed will be lowered (less than resonant frequency) to get the precise surface tension and viscosity.
200-400(1600)nm
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Engineering Requirements for ELF
3
Items Requirements
Sample Size φ1~5mm (main target ; φ2)
Accuracy of Positioning ±100μm
Heater
Laser (Wave
Length/Power) 970nm/40W x 4 directions
Target Temperature Melting Point of Zirconia (2710 degC)
Observation
Temperature
Measurements
IR thermometer (ORU)
Sampling Rate (100Hz)
Magnified Image higher than 140 pixel / diameter
Observation of Overview CCD camera
Measurements of
Thermo-physical
Properties
Density through Image Analysis
Surface Tension Oscillating Droplet Method
Viscosity Oscillating Droplet Method
Others Ambient
N2 (99.99% by volume ;ISS supply gas) ,
Ar Gas (JEM unique gas),
Vacuum with Evacuation Line
(maximum pchamber ressure 2atm)
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Observation system of ELF
Pyrometer ・ Field of View:0.35mm diameter ・ sampling rate:100Hz ・ fixed emissivity ・detecting wavelength; InGaAs(1.45~1.8μm) ・ temperature range ;300~3000℃ Observation Camera 1 (High Temperature range observation, density
measurement) ・Field of view; 2.4×1.8mm - 19×14mm (with Zoom Lens) ・resolution;640×480 ・signal ; NTSC Observation Camera 2 (Solidification observation, wide dynamic range ) ・Field of View; 3.0×2.3mm - 24×18mm (with Zoom Lens) ・resolution ;640×480 ・signal ; NTSC
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JEM-ELF 5
JEM-ELF (current design)
Ar Gas supply
ELF
MPSPR
UV Lamp
Sample
cartridge
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Cross Section View with Sample Cartridge and ELF
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Detailed design of the sample cartridge
Operation concept JAXA will lanuch the sample holder periodically by HTV, COTS vehicle, Proton or ATV. In case (such as cartridge windows become dirty), JAXA will prepare the sample cartridge as spare. After the experiment, the sample holder will ve retrieved by Soyuz or COTS vehicle.
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Cartridge Set up
Sample Holder exchange
Select sample
Chamber Atomosphere set up
set sample position – (pre-heating) – start position control – start heating up – sample melt - thermal property measurement in various temperature – sample melt – solidification - sample retrieval into Sample Holder
evacuation (if needed)
ELF experiment flow
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Measurement method: Density
M: mass V: volume (from image analysis) Uncertainty:±2%
Chung et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 67 (1996), 3517-
VM /
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Oscillation excitation/ detection
of ELF
Bottom electrode
Slit
Power meter
sample
Sinusoidal
wave
Top electrode
He-Ne Laser
Uncertainty:
g ±3%
h ±10-15%
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Surface tension and viscosity
measuermant
g 2
2r0
3
8
h r0
2
5
2: Freq. of mode 2 oscillation
: Decay constant
: density r0:radius of sample g: surface tension h: viscosity
Rhim et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 70 (1999), 2796
Oscillating drop method
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0
2
4
6
8
1 0
1 8 0 0 1 9 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 2 2 0 0 2 3 0 0 2 4 0 0
Vis
co
sit
y (
mP
a・
s)
Tm
Present work
Paradis
Agaev
Elijutin
5 4 0 0
5 6 0 0
5 8 0 0
6 0 0 0
6 2 0 0
6 4 0 0
1 2 0 0 1 4 0 0 1 6 0 0 1 8 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 2 4 0 0 2 6 0 0 2 8 0 0
Tm
Present work Paradis
Allen
Elijutin
Peterson
Maurakh
Temperature (K)
De
ns
ity (
kg
/m3)
1 3 5 0
1 4 0 0
1 4 5 0
1 5 0 0
1 5 5 0
1 6 0 0
1 6 5 0
1 8 0 0 1 9 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 2 2 0 0 2 3 0 0 2 4 0 0
Su
rfa
ce
Te
ns
ion
(m
N/m
)
Tm
Present work Paradis Allen
Flint Peterson Shunk Kostikov Frohberg
Paradis et al., Int. J. Thermophysics, 23 (2002), 825-
Example of Experimental Result: Zirconium (on Ground)
Density
Surface tension
Temperature (K)
Viscosity
)kJ/R8.31exp(76.0
)(11.01500
)(27.06120
T
TT
TT
m
m
h
g
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Status of thermophysical property
measurements of Metals on ground
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14
Targets of ELF are Oxides which are over 2000℃ melting temperature.