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ELA 10, CP ELA 10, HONORS ELA 10 – Packet 3 Student Name: Ms. Ashley Fritch Teacher: Ms. Julie Abel Class Period: *Visit our websites (through the district website - https://www.sasd.us/) for additional resources to aid in your completion of this packet. Please contact your teacher with any questions via email or Zoom!

Pages 2-4 – Nonfiction Selection (all classes)

-Read William Shakespeare’s Biography (Newsela)

-Follow annotation directions as you read

-Answer the multiple choice questions to the best of your ability (using the text)

*Use this article as a refresher on what you already know about Shakespeare!

Page 5 – Introduction to English/Shakespearean Sonnets (all classes)

-Read Sonnet 18

-Use notes to guide you through some information about this poem and English Sonnets

Pages 6-10 – Breakdown of Sonnet 18 (all classes)

-Follow the guided questions in order to breakdown the meaning of Sonnet 18

Page 10 – Journal Prompt Options (all classes)

-Choose one of the three prompts on page 10 to answer

-Write AT LEAST 10 complete sentences

-Avoid contractions and slang

-Use complete sentences and academic language

-Be thorough and detailed

Optional/Supplemental Instruction – Found on Teacher Websites (Honors and CP classes)

Pages 11-12 – Sonnets 18 and 73 – Extra Instruction

-Access videos/notes and Power Points online (teacher webpages)

-Full poem scansion

-rhyme, meter (iambic pentameter), and other poetic elements and terms

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William Shakespeare Biography

DIRECTIONS: Read the biography on William Shakespeare. As you read, underline or highlight any words that are unfamiliar to you. Take notes in the blank spaces as you read -- your notes can be summary, questions, or connections. *Answer the multiple choice questions at the end of the biography; use the text to answer the questions. Authors: William Shakespeare

Synopsis: William Shakespeare was baptized on April 26, 1564, in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. He was an important member of the Lord Chamberlain’s Men company of theatrical players.

Mysterious Origins

Over the course of 20 years, Shakespeare wrote plays that capture the complete range of human feelings. Known throughout the world, the works of William Shakespeare have been performed countless times for more than 400 years. And yet, the personal history of William Shakespeare is somewhat of a mystery. Historians know about his life from his work and church and court records. However, these only provide brief sketches of specific events in his life and provide little information about the actual person.

Early Life

No birth records exist for Shakespeare. However, church records indicate that a William Shakespeare was baptized at Holy Trinity Church in England on April 26, 1564. Based on this, scholars believe his birthday is April 23, 1564.

William was the third child of John Shakespeare, a leather merchant, and Mary Arden, a local heiress. He had two older sisters and three younger brothers.

There is very little information about Shakespeare's childhood and virtually none about his education. Scholars say he most likely attended the King's New School in his hometown of Stratford. This school taught reading and writing, as well as Greek and Latin languages.

Married Life

William Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway on November 28, 1582. Their first child, a daughter, was born in 1583. Two years later, they had twins.

After the birth of the twins, there are seven years of Shakespeare's life where no records exist. Scholars call this period the "lost years." There is much speculation about what he was doing during this time, but no one is sure.

Theatrical Beginnings

By 1592, there is evidence that Shakespeare was working as an actor and a playwright in London. By the early 1590s, he was managing an acting company in London called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, which later became known as the King's Men. From all accounts, the King's Men was very popular.

Establishing Himself

By 1597, 15 of the 37 plays written by William Shakespeare were published. By 1599, Shakespeare and his business partners built their own theater, which they called the Globe. He also purchased real estate that earned him a lot of money. This money gave him the time to write his plays without having to do other work.

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Writing Style

Shakespeare's early plays were written in the typical style of the day. However, Shakespeare was very innovative, adapting this style to his own purposes. He primarily used a metrical pattern consisting of lines of unrhymed iambic pentameter. That meant that each line had five pairs of syllables, the first one short and the second one longer.

Early Works: Histories And Comedies

With the exception of "Romeo and Juliet," William Shakespeare's first plays were mostly histories written in the early 1590s. "Richard II," "Henry VI" and "Henry V" dramatize the destructive results of weak rulers.

During his early period, Shakespeare also wrote several comedies that were witty, romantic and charming. Some examples are "A Midsummer Night's Dream," "The Merchant of Venice" and "Much Ado About Nothing."

Later Works: Tragedies And Tragicomedies It was in Shakespeare's later period, after 1600, that he wrote the tragedies "Hamlet," "King Lear," "Othello" and "Macbeth." Tragedies are plays with unhappy endings. Possibly the best known of these is "Hamlet," which explores betrayal, punishment and moral failure.

In Shakespeare's final period, he wrote several tragicomedies. These were graver than the comedies, but unlike tragedies they ended with reconciliation.

Tradition has it that Shakespeare died on his birthday, April 23, 1616, though many scholars believe this is a myth. Church records show he was buried at Trinity Church on April 25, 1616.

Controversy And Literary Legacy

About 150 years after his death, questions arose about the authorship of William Shakespeare's plays. Scholars began to claim someone else had written them. Much of this doubt stemmed from the sketchy details of Shakespeare's life. Official records indicate the existence of a William Shakespeare, but none of these mention him being an actor or a playwright.

Skeptics also questioned how someone could write so well with so little education.

The most serious and intense skepticism began in the 19th century when adoration for Shakespeare was at its greatest. Some said that a man named Edward de Vere was the true author, pointing to his extensive knowledge of aristocratic society, his education and the similarities between his poetry and the works attributed to Shakespeare.

However, the majority of Shakespearean scholars say that William Shakespeare wrote all his own plays. They point out that other playwrights of the time also had sketchy histories and came from modest backgrounds. They argue that the King's New School in Stratford could have provided a good foundation for writers.

What seems to be true is that William Shakespeare was a respected man of the dramatic arts who wrote plays, and acted in some, in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. Yet his reputation as a dramatic genius was not recognized until the 19th century.

Today, his plays are very popular and constantly studied and reinterpreted. The genius of Shakespeare's characters and plots are that they present real people with a wide range of feelings who experience conflicts that go beyond their origins in Elizabethan England.

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Quiz

1 Which two of the following sentences from the article include central ideas of the biography?

1. There is very little information about Shakespeare's childhood and virtually none about his education. 2. He primarily used a metrical pattern consisting of lines of unrhymed iambic pentameter. 3. These were graver than the comedies, but unlike tragedies they ended with reconciliation. 4. What seems to be true is that William Shakespeare was a respected man of the dramatic arts who wrote plays, and acted in some, in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.

(A) 1 and 2

(B) 2 and 3

(C) 3 and 4

(D) 1 and 4

2 Which statement would be BEST to include in a summary of the biography?

(A) People don’t think Shakespeare wrote all of his plays, because they aren’t sure if he went to school.

(B) "A Midsummer Night's Dream," "The Merchant of Venice" and "Much Ado About Nothing,” are romantic and charming comedies.

(C) Shakespeare was a famous playwright and actor whose work is studied and celebrated to this day.

(D) The Globe was a theater built by Shakespeare and his business partners in the late 1500s.

3 How does the synopsis affect the overall structure of the text?

(A) It gives details

(B) It gives a summary

(C) It provides an example

(D) It introduces an argument

4 Why does the author include the section “Later Works: Tragedies And Tragicomedies”?

(A) to list a series of important events

(B) to summarize the article

(C) to give supporting examples

(D) to give as a solution to a problem

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Sonnet 18

Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? A

Thou art more lovely and more temperate: B

Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, A

And summer's lease hath all too short a date; B

Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, C

And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; D

And every fair from fair sometime declines, C

By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd; D

But thy eternal summer shall not fade, E

Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st; F

Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade, E

When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st: F

So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, G

So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. G

This is an English (or Shakespearean) Sonnet written by William Shakespeare. English Sonnets have some distinct characteristics. For example, they all have 14 lines, a specific rhyme scheme, and a set meter.

While Shakespeare’s language may seem difficult to understand, it is really very close to the English that we speak today. Here are a few tips to help you understand this poem.

Thee – you

Thou – you

Hath – has

Thy - your

Notice that the last word in every other line rhymes. Because these end rhymes alternate, the rhyme scheme of an English Sonnet is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG. Notice that the last two lines rhyme with one another.

Each line in an English Sonnet has 10 syllables. Remember that a syllable is basically a vowel sound. Try to count the ten syllables in each line for practice.

A four line stanza is called a quatrain, while a two line stanza is called a couplet. An English Sonnet is made up of three quatrains and a couplet.

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Sonnet 18 Meaning

*Answer the questions to the very best of your ability!

Name:___________________________________

Shakespeare is very famous for the poetry he wrote. He wrote 154 sonnets!

Our goal is to pull meaning from Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18...

1. Imagine the perfect summer day. It is early summer with just the perfect mix of comfortable temperature and weather. List the details about that perfect day on the chart that follows. Fill in the chart with images that appeal to the different senses.

Sense Details

Sights

Sounds

Smells

Tastes example: popsicles, ice cream, grilled food!

Touch (what you feel on your skin)

2. Now write a general statement about the overall feeling created by this perfect day. (is it a good feeling or a bad feeling? you can be more detailed…)

3. Now think of a person you care about. If you COMPARE this person to a summer’s day, what could that say about the person?

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Now let’s work through Sonnet 18.

First. Let’s analyze it by quatrains, to help us understand what is going on.

Quatrain 1 Line 1 Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?

2 Thou art more lovely and more temperate: 3 Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, 4 And summer's lease hath all too short a date;

4. What season of the year is dealt with in this sonnet? (give your answer and

the line number where you found the answer)

5. The quatrain contains an analogy. What two things are being compared in this analogy?

6. Based on images from the chart you made earlier about the perfect summer day, explain why the comparison made by Shakespeare is an effective one.

7. What is the denotation (specific or literal meaning) of temperate in line 2?

8. How is this word appropriate to describe both a day in summer and a person?

9. What is the denotation of darling (3) in this context?

An analogy is a comparison between two things that are similar in some way, often used to help explain something or make it easier to understand

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10. Explain the metaphor in line 4, “summer’s lease”. In other words, what does this mean?

11. Now paraphrase quatrain 1. What does it say/mean (in your own words).

Quatrain 2

Line 5 Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, 5 6 And often is his gold complexion dimm'd; 7 And every fair from fair sometime declines, 8 By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd;

12. In line 5, what is the “eye of heaven”?

13. What is the pronoun his in line 6 referring to?

14. How could the “eye of heaven” be dimmed?

15. How is the sun further personified in line 6?

16. Explain two possible meanings of the word fair in line 7.

a. For each meaning you identified, explain how something that is fair might “decline”.

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17. Paraphrase quatrain 2.

Quatrain 3 Line 9 But thy eternal summer shall not fade,

10 Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest; 11 Nor shall Death brag thou wander'st in his shade, 12 When in eternal lines to time thou growest:

18. What word signals a shift or transition in the poem? *Hint: it is at the

beginning of line 9.

19. What word in line 1 is directly related to the word thy in line 9?

20. The speaker states that “thy eternal summer shall not fade”. What is “eternal summer” a metaphor for?

21. How is death personified in line 11?

22. What are possible meanings for the word lines in line 12?

23. Paraphrase the 3rd Quatrain:

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The end of this poem is a couplet. A couplet is comprised of two lines of verse that form

a unit alone or as part of a poem, especially two that rhyme and have the same meter.

Final Couplet:

13 So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, 14 So long lives this and this gives life to thee.

24. Paraphrase the final couplet:

25. What does the final couplet reveal about the power of a literary work?

The Lasting Power of Literary Works - Prompts *Literary works, in all of their many forms, have great power. They live on well beyond the time that we read, watch, or hear them. Choose one of the prompts below and write a one page response (do not skip spaces). Prompt 1 - Literary Works - means of escape When we read a great book or watch a compelling movie, sometimes we are taken away to a different place. Literature can transport us through time, geography, etc.! Write about a literary work (book, movie, etc.) that had this lasting impact on you. What was the literary work? When did you read/watch it? Where/how did it transport you? Why did this piece in particular have such a lasting impact? Prompt 2 - Literary Works - learning a lesson Undoubtedly some of the most essential takeaways from any piece of literature are the life-lessons that it helps to convey. Sometimes these lessons are extremely impactful and long-lasting. Write about a literary work (book, movie, etc.) that taught you an important (or multiple important) lesson(s). What was the literary work? When did you read/watch it? What lesson or lessons did it teach? How has it changed your outlook or behavior? Be as detailed as possible. Prompt 3 - Literary Works - paying tribute Literary works can be used to pay tribute to a person or event. An example of this might be a book or movie about 9/11 in which our first responders are portrayed and celebrated as heroic. These types of texts are extremely useful for preserving important people and events and serve as a way to show/share respect and remember events and people that we never want to risk forgetting. Write about a literary work (book, movie, etc.) that paid tribute to a person or event and that had a significant or lasting impact on you. What was the literary work? When did you read/watch it? To whom or what was it paying tribute? Why was it so significant to you? What was it about this particular text that you feel made it such a significant tribute?

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Sonnet 18

Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate:

Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,

And summer's lease hath all too short a date;

Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,

And often is his gold complexion dimm'd;

And every fair from fair sometime declines,

By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimm'd;

But thy eternal summer shall not fade,

Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;

Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,

When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st:

So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,

So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

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Sonnet 73

That time of year thou may'st in me behold

When yellow leaves, or none, or few, do hang

Upon those boughs which shake against the cold,

Bare ruin'd choirs, where late the sweet birds sang.

In me thou see'st the twilight of such day

As after sunset fadeth in the west,

Which by-and-by black night doth take away,

Death's second self, that seals up all in rest.

In me thou see'st the glowing of such fire

That on the ashes of his youth doth lie,

As the death-bed whereon it must expire,

Consum'd with that which it was nourish'd by.

This thou perceivest, which makes thy love more strong,

To love that well which thou must leave ere long.