efforts for environmental protection

Upload: vibrantkash15080193

Post on 03-Apr-2018

217 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    1/21

    -ROLE OF NGOs

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    2/21

    INTRODUCTIONAt the beginning of the 21st century, environmental issues have emerged

    as a major concern for the welfare of people. In India the concept of

    environment protection can be seen starting from the period of Vedas.

    O mother earth let thy bosom be free from sickness and decayMay we through long lifeBe active and vigilant

    And serve thee withDevotion- Rig Veda

    Moreover, father of Nation, Mahatma Gandhi also focused his work onenvironment along with freedom movement, equality and social justice.

    As per Father of the Nation

    the earth provides enoughto satisfy every mans need,but not for every mans greed.

    -Mahatma Gandhi

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    3/21

    ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION

    ACT 1986In 1986 , the government of India passed a comprehensive Environment

    Protection Act(1986) as an aftermath of the Bhopal Tragedy of 1984 to cover

    many aspects other than prevention and control of pollution.

    The Environmental Protection Act 1986 was passed for the :

    Protection of environment

    Regulation of discharge of pollutants

    Handling of hazardous substances

    Speedy response in the event of accidents threatening environment

    Deterrent punishment to those who endanger human environment , safety and

    health.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    4/21

    DEFINING NGOs What the UN

    saysFrom the UN Department of Public Information:

    NGO refers to a non-profit citizens voluntary entity organizednationally or internationally. Thus, professional associations,

    foundations, trade unions, religious organizations, womens and youth

    groups, cooperative associations, development and human rights

    associations, environmental protection groups, research institutesdealing with international affairs and associations of parliamentarians

    are considered NGOs.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    5/21

    NON-GOVERNMENTAL

    ORGANIZATIONSA non-governmental organization (NGO) is any non-profit, voluntary citizens'

    group which is organized on a local, national or international level.

    Task-oriented and driven by people with a common interest, NGOs perform a

    variety of service and humanitarian functions, bring citizen concerns to

    Governments, advocate and monitor policies and encourage political

    participation through provision of information.

    Some are organized around specific issues, such as human rights, environment

    or health. They provide analysis and expertise, serve as early warning

    mechanisms and help monitor and implement international agreements. Their

    relationship with offices and agencies of the United Nations system differs

    depending on their goals, their venue and the mandate of a particular

    institution.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    6/21

    NGOs Civil Society or

    Major Groups?The Panel described Civil Society in the following way:

    The associations of citizens (outside their families, friends and

    businesses) entered into voluntarily to advance their interests, ideas and

    ideologies.

    The term does not include profit-making activity (the private sector) or

    governing (the public sector). Of particular relevance to the United

    Nations are mass organizations (such as organizations of peasants,

    women or retired people), trade unions, professional associations, social

    movements, indigenous peoples organizations, religious and spiritual

    organizations, academe and public benefit non-governmental

    organizations.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    7/21

    Major Groups is a term thatwas introduced in Agenda 21,

    agreed by governments at the

    Rio Earth Summit. It describes

    nine sectors of society identified

    as having a significant role in

    sustainable development:

    women

    children and youth

    indigenous people

    NGOs

    Local authorities

    Workers and trade unions

    business and industry

    the scientific and technical

    community

    farmers

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    8/21

    STAKEHOLDERSYet another term

    Stakeholders : Those who have an interest in a particular decision,

    either as individuals or representatives of a group. This includes people

    who influence a decision, or can influence it, as well as those affected by

    it.

    NGOs and other civil society groups are not only stakeholders in

    governance, but also a driving force behind greater international

    cooperation through the active mobilization of public support forinternational agreements.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    9/21

    OBJECTIVES OF NGOs

    To describe and discuss the common characteristics of health systemfunctioning in the given socio-economic, socio-cultural, political and

    ecological settings

    To highlight and delineate crucial factors responsible for the health

    sector reforms and to undertake, as the most challenging endeavour,effective and efficient health management and quality health careservice provisions in the Community

    The fundamental objective is to act as a catalyst in bringing about

    local initiative and community participation in overall improvementin quality of life.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    10/21

    ROLE OF NGOsNational level

    1)

    -The forests of India are a critical resource for the subsistence of ruralpeople throughout the country, especially in hill and mountain areas,

    both because of their direct provision of food, fuel and fodder and

    because of their role in stabilising soil and water resources. As these

    forests have been increasingly felled for commerce and industry, Indian

    villagers have sought to protect their livelihoods through the Gandhian

    method of satyagraha or non-violence resistance.

    The Chipko movement or Chipko Andolan is a movement that practised

    the Gandhian methods of satyagraha and non-violent resistance, through

    the act of hugging trees to protect them from being felled.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    11/21

    2

    -Narmada Bachao Andolan is the most powerful mass movement,

    started in 1985, against the construction of huge dam on

    the Narmada river.

    The proposed Sardar Sarovar Dam and Narmada Sagar will displace

    more than 250,000 people. The big fight is over the resettlement or the

    rehabilitation of these people.

    Led by one of the prominent leader Medha Patkar, it has now been

    turned into the International protest, gaining support from NGO'S all

    around the globe. Protestors are agitating the issue through the mass

    media, hunger strikes, massive marches, rallies and the through the onscreen of several documentary films

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    12/21

    3

    -This program has a dual role - of creating environmental awareness

    amongst the student community and to develop each child's mind

    resources through various personality development programs.

    4)

    -NGOs have propagated the system of rain harvesting in several

    residential areas in the city with the aim of exploiting one or another

    important water source, viz., and rainwater. Many cities suffer from

    perennial water problems every summer and therefore it is important

    that all avenues of water source be tapped.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    13/21

    5)

    -NGOs are working diligently to educate the public about the

    prevention of AIDS and provide support and counselling for HIV-

    infected persons.

    The additional dangers of placing value judgments on how individuals

    became HIV-positive is one of the toughest issues facing NGOs that

    work with people who are HIV positive.

    One key in the prevention of AIDS is to eliminate negative images of

    HIV-infected persons as projected by the media. NGOs should work

    toward educating the public to respect the dignity of all persons livingwith HIV, regardless of how they became infected.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    14/21

    6

    -The task of pollution control in India is complex due to the large

    number of heavy, large and small-scale industries involved. Further, the

    rise in the number of vehicles coupled with poverty and the largepopulation puts tremendous pollution pressure on air, water and land.

    A comprehensive approach to pollution control is being undertaken

    based on the following principles:

    Prevent pollution at source.

    Encourage, develop and apply the best available practicable technical

    solution

    Ensure that polluter pays for pollution and control arrangements.

    Focus on protection of heavily polluted areas and river stretches.

    Involve the NGOs in educating the public about pollution control

    measures to be taken.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    15/21

    7

    -Womens NGO groups are working to empower women and improve their standingin the decision making process. One example is the (Indian) Community

    Development Society (CDS).

    The objective of the CDS is to improve the situation of children under 5 and of womenage 15 to 45 years. CDS work includes literacy programmes, income generating

    schemes for women, provisions of safe drinking water, low cost household sanitary

    latrines, kitchen gardens, food-grain bank, immunization, and child-care.

    The CDS has resulted in the empowerment of women and the building of community

    leadership. It is a unique example of community based poverty eradication efforts by

    women.

    8)

    -This programme was started with the sole purpose of developing clean and pollutionfree waterways in cities and for creating a healthy living environment for all city

    dwellers. WAMP was formed in 1991, as a joint programme with several NGOs andindividuals dedicated to the cause of developing clean waterways in the city. The

    WAMP objectives are:

    To stop pollution of waterways

    To maintain the waterways of the city cleanly

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    16/21

    Global level

    - Greenpeace is a non governmental environmental organization.

    - Greenpeace states its goal is to "ensure the ability of the Earth to nurture life in

    all its diversityand focuses its campaigning on world wide issues such

    as global warming, deforestation, overfishing, commercial whaling and anti-nuclear issues. Greenpeace uses direct action, lobbying and research to

    achieve its goals.

    - The global organization does not accept funding from governments,

    corporations or political parties, relying on more than 2.8 million individual

    supporters and foundation grants.- Greenpeace is a founding member of the INGO Accountability Charter; an

    international non-governmental organization that intends to foster

    accountability and transparency of non-governmental organizations.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    17/21

    -The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-

    governmental organization working on issues regarding

    the conservation, research and restoration of the environment, formerly

    named the World Wildlife Fund.

    - The group says its mission is "to halt and reverse the destruction of ourenvironment".

    Currently, much of its work focuses on the conservation of

    three biomes that contain most of the

    world's biodiversity: forests, freshwater ecosystems,

    and oceans and coasts. Among other issues, it is also concerned

    with endangered species, pollution and climate change.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    18/21

    -Friends of the Earth International (FOEI) is an international networkof environmental organizations

    Friends of the Earth considers environmental issues in their social, political and human

    rights contexts. Their campaigns stretch beyond the traditional arena of

    the conservation movement and seek to address

    the economic and development aspects of sustainability.

    The current campaign priorities of Friends of the Earth internationally are:

    economic justice and resisting neoliberalism

    forests and biodiversity

    food sovereignty

    climate justice and energy

    All FoE International campaigns incorporate elements of three core themes which are:

    protecting human and environmental rights

    protecting the planet's disappearing biodiversity

    the repayment of ecological debt owed by rich countries to those they have exploited.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    19/21

    The World Trade organization (WTO)

    UN Development Programme ( UNDP)

    The World Food Programme (WFP)

    World Health Organization (WHO)

    UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

    UN Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    20/21

    WHAT WE CAN DO??1.Educate the students about the pollution problem and the harmful effects of

    pollution.

    2. We should minimize the use plastic cover for different purposes.

    3. Buy only environment friendly products i.e. the products which are not

    reducing the natural resources.

    4. Not to waste water for various purposes.

    5. To plant and grow trees in the house garden.

    6. To Support the NGOs financially which are rendering service to the Health

    and Environment sector.

    7. To motivate research on different measures to be taken to solve environmentalproblems.

    8. To support the initiates taken by the central and state government in protecting

    our environment.

  • 7/29/2019 Efforts for Environmental Protection

    21/21

    THANK YOU