effective communication skills redaction

7/28/2019 Effective Communication Skills Redaction

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Effective communication skills

Basic Listening Activities

How to do a listening

Much new Vocabulary

Many time for to do a listening activities, the students felt comfortable for a

lot new words. This confused and stop them and lost the concentration when

hear. The problem is clear the student can understand all the new words.

English Fast

Some student try to understand all the English speaker saying, or teacher teach

with new word by this is no easier for some students but in listening they mayhave an opportunity to understand the messages. The student can recognize

new words and new phrases in the content but some student cant understand

all the new word and this is a problem because teacher need to stop and

review the before studied.

The student was remain and try to understand the preview words, in this case

is important to recognize the student hair a word that hear last time and he try

to understand but he dont know there are many a lot similitude of word but

really the student can confuse with this.

Problems with some stress pronunciation and phonetic

In this wide world its necessary to know many stress, like American stress,

British or Australian. So is important to know the stress the no native speaker,

like French, Japanese or German. Many students has difficult to understand

diverse stress and they try to concentrate but in the future this can be a damage

because in the real life the can find a lot of the stress.

Advices how to hear English best

In firth instance I want to tell you that you no area alone in this and this

problems may be the more common in class room, however is important to

pay attention and hear main ideas when hear English.

Hear activities in listening in own level, I want to start with this point, because

its important to practice listening with this I cant tell you that is no good to


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see movies, new or hear music, however we can practice and does the ear

sensation better is recommended hear conversation in the level that you are so

you can practice common phrases and prepare the ear to advance by stage.

Many teachers has students low level and they send their students to practice

advance dialogue this is a problem with students they will be a frustrations orteacher send their students to translate a short paragraph and the student visit

other person for do the homework or using internet translation this is a bad

way, because the student is no able to do the work. Every teacher should be

think in every student what student is prepare to do the work that teachers

send.

Recognize keyword

Its no necessary to understand all the word that you hear, the best form is to

hear the keyword to understand the principal message. Its no necessary to

stop in word that affect the message, its can be patient and tolerant. Every

time you hear a lot of new words in listening but, remember you attention is in

keywords, in this part is important to know a lot of vocabulary. One the

technique is create a verbs list, adjectives, prepositions, substantives, and

important phases because this is the key to know and help to understand

clearly.

Do a logical deduction

If you dont understand the keyword, you can analyze the content and practice

you will learn how to do a logical deduction about the content, example in the

following sentence I was having milk and spilt over my new shirt. Every

laughed. The principal words are having milk, spilt, and laughed. We suppose

that you dont know spilt (this is past the spill) but in content and deduction

we can know the mean or near of this

Listening are vital for the student

of the four skills listening is by fast the most frequency use. Listening andspeaking often is taught together, because is the two skills all the time go

together in teaching English. Every activity you can use two way how to

arrive in your porpoise, but in beginner are a exemption, because they do not a

lot English. In this part teacher should be use a language easier to comprehend

by simplifying your vocabulary. Student should be learn short sentences,

vocabulary and so on.


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There are many type of listening activities learners can be asked to physical

response to a command (for example please open the door, open your

notebook, stand up, sit down, come to the board select appropriate picture or

object (for example teacher carry a lot the pictures in class room or teacher

mention any object and student take the correct object) circle the correct letteror word on a worksheet draw a route on a map or fill in a chart as they listen.

Its more difficult to repeat back what was heard translate into native

language, take note, make on outline or answer comprehension questions. To

add more challenge, learner can continue a story text, solve problem perform a

similar task with a classmate after listening to model, for example order a cake

from a bakery or participate in real life conversation.

Good listening lesson go beyond the listening task itself with related activities

before and after the listening.

Here there are basic structure

Before listening

Teacher prepare his students by introducing the topic and finding out what

they already know about it. A good way to do this is to have a brainstorming

session and some discussion question relate to the topic, then provide any

necessary background information and new vocabulary. They will need for the

listening activity. When the student will be families with the topic and can

develop in real situation.

During listening

The teacher can be specific about what student need to listening for. They

listening for selective detail or general content or for an emotion tone such as

happy, surprised or angry. If the not making answers or otherwise responding

while listening, tell them ahead of time what will required afterward.

After listening

The teacher can be finished with an activity to extend the topic and help thestudents remember new vocabulary. This could be discussion groups, craft,

project, writing task, game and so on.

There are some ideas that can help to make a listening activities successful.


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Noise

Reduce distractions and noise during the listening segment you may to close

doors or windows or ask the students in the room to be quiet for a few

minutes.

Equipment

In this part the teacher can be use a computer or sound recorder with a good

sound and cd or usb this can be in a good function.

Repetition

Read or play the text a total of 2-3 times, tell students in advance the teacher

will repeat it. This will reduce their anxiety about no catching it all in this firth

time teacher can also ask them listen for different information each time

through.

Content

Unless your text is merely a list of items, talk about the content as well as

specific language. used the teacher material can be interesting and appropriate

for your class level in the topic, speed and vocabulary.

Recording your own tape

Write appropriate text or use something from your text book and have another

English speaker read it into tape. Copy the recording three times so you dont

need to rewind. The reader should not simply read three times because the

students want to hear exact repetition of the pronunciation information and

pace not just the words.

Video

The teacher can play a video clip the sound off and ask students to make

predictions about what dialogue taking place. Then play it again with sound

and discuss with they were right or play the video without the video first and

show the video after students have guessed what is going on.

Homework

Give students a listening task to do between classes. Encourage them to listen

to public announcements in airports, bus station, supermarkets, and on. And

try to written down what hear them. Tell them the telephone numbers of a


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cinema and ask them to written down the playing time of a specific movie

give them a type recording of yourself whit questions, dictations or worksheet

to complete.

Important speaking activities

Speaking lesson often tie in pronunciation and grammar which are necessary

for effective oral communications, grammar or reading lesson may incorporate

a speaking activity either way your student need some before preparations the

speaking task, this includes introducing the topic providing a modal of the

speech they are to produce a model may no apply to discussion type

activities, in this case students will need clear and specific introductions about

the task to be accomplished then the students will practice with the actual

speaking activity.

These activity may include imitating(repeating) answering verbal cues,

interactive conversations or an oral presentation. Most speaking activities in

erectly practice listening skills as well such as when one student is giving a

simple drawing and sits behind another student facing away. The firth most

give introduction to the second to reproduce the drawing. The second student

asks questions to clarify unclear introductions and neither can look at each

others page during the activity. Information gaps are also commonly used for

speaking practice as are surveys, discussion and role-play.

Here some idea to keep in maid as you plan your speaking activity

Content

As much as possible the context should be practical and usable in real-life

situations. Avoid to much new vocabulary or grammar and focus on speaking

with the language. The student have this important to talk. What students like

to do in every day or what students can do very good. This part should be

according the student interest.Correcting errors

Teacher need to provide appropriate feedback and correcting but dont

interrupt the flow of communication. Teacher take notes while pair or groups

are talking and address problems to the class after the activity without


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embarrassing the student who made the error. Teacher write the error on the

board after finished the presentation and ask who can correct it.

Conversation strategies

Encourage strategies like asking for classification, paraphrasing gestures andinitiating

Teacher interactions

If a speaking activity loses team teacher need to jump into a role-play ask

more discussions questions clarify your introductions or stop an activity that is

too difficult or boring. Sometimes the student dont understand what Is the

dynamic porpoise in this part look how to change other activity however some

students like to do activity other is a little difficult to create a participation.

Activities to promote speaking

Discussion

Discussion is important after a context-based because can be held for various

reasons the students may aim to arrive at a conclusion. Share ideas about an

event or find a solutions in their discussion groups. Before the discussion it is

essential that purposed of the discussion activity is set by the teacher. In this

way the students the discussion points are relevant to this purpose so that thestudents do not spend their time chatting with each other about irrelevant

thing.

For example students can became involved in agree(disagree discussion, the

teacher can form groups of the students, preferable 4 or 5 students in each

groups and provide controversial sentences like people learn best when they

read orpeople learn best when they travel. Then each group works for a time

period and present their opinions to the class.

Its essential that the speaking should be equally divided among groupsmembers at the end the teacher decide what is the wining group defended idea

in best way.

Also discussions is very important for students because they can take a quick

decision themselves whatever the aim is the student should always be


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encourage to ask questions paraphrases ideas express support, check for

classifications and so on.

Role play

This is one other way to getting students to speak is role-playing studentspretend they are in various social contexts and have a varieties of social roles.

In role play activities the teacher gives information to the learner such as who

they are and what they think or feel.

Simulations

Simulations are similar to role-plays. What makes simulations different than

role-plays is that they are more elaborate in simulations; student can bring

items to the class to create a realistic environment for instance, if a student is

acting as a singer he brings a microphone to sing and so on.

Role play and simulations have many advantages first since they are

interacting and motivate. Second as hammer (1984) suggest, they increase the

self-confidence of hesitant students because in role play and simulation

activities they will have a different role and do not have to speak for

themselves.

Information gap

In this activities students are supposed to be working in pair one student will

have the information that the other partner does not have and the partner will

share their information. Information gap activities serve many purposes such

as solving a problem or collecting information. Also each partner play an

important role because the task cannot be completed if the partner do not

provide the information the other need. These activities are effective because

everybody has the opportunity to talk extensively in the target language.

Brainstorming

On a given topic, student can produce ideas in a limited time depending on the

context groups or individual brainstorming is effective and learners generate

ideas quickly and freely the good characteristics or brainstorming is that the

students are no criticized for their ideas so students will be open to sharing

new ideas.

Storytelling


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Students can briefly summarize a tale or story. They hear from somebody

beforehand or they may crate the own story telling to tell their classmates.

Story telling fosters creative thin. Thinking it also helps students express

ideas in the format of beginner development and ending include de characters

and sitting a story has to have students can tell idles or jokes, for instance atthe very beginner of each class session the teacher may call a few students to

tell short riddles or joke as an opening in this way not only will the teacher

address students speaking ability but get attention of the class.

Story completion

This a way enjoyable whole class free speaking activity for each student sit in

a circle for this activity a teacher start to tell a story, but after a few sentences

he or she stop narrating then each students start to narrate from the point

where the previous one stopped each student it is supposed to add from four toten sentences, student can add new characters events, descriptions and so on.

Interview

Student can conduct interviews on selected topics with various people it is a

good idea that the teacher provide a rubric to students so that they know what

type of questions. Conducting interview with peoples give students a chance

to practice their speaking ability, not only in class, but also outside and help

them become a socialized after interview, each student can present his or her

study to the class, moreover students can interview each other and introducehis or her partner to the class.

Reporting

Before coming to class, students are asked to read a newspaper or magazine

and in class, they report to their friends. What they find as the most interesting

news. Students can also talk about the whether they have experienced

anything what telling their friends in their daily lives before class.

Playing cardsIn this game students should form groups of four; each suit will represent a

topic for instance:

Diamonds: earning money

Hearts: love and relation ships


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Spades: an un forgettable memory

Clubs: best teacher

Each student in a group will choose a card, then, each student will write 4-5

questions about the topic to ask the other people in the group for example:If the topic, Diamonds, earning money is selected. Here some possible

questions:

Is money important in your life? Why?

What is the easiest way of earning money?

What do you think about lottery? So on

However, the teacher should state at the very beginning of the activity that

students are no allowed to prepared yes or no questions, because by sayingyes or no students get a little practice in spoken language production, rather

students ask open ended question to each other so that they replay in

complete sentences

Picture Narration

This activity is based on several sequential pictures student are asked to tell

the history taking place in sequential pictures by paying attentions to the

criteria provided by the teacher as a rubric. Rubric can included the

vocabulary or structures they need to use while narrating.

Picture describing

Another way to use of pictures in a speaking activity is to give students just

one picture and having them describe what it is in the picture for this activity

students can form groups and each groups is giving different pictures students

discuss the picture in the groups then spoke person for each groups describe

the picture to the whole class. This activity fosters the creativity and

imagination of the learner as well as the public speaking skills.

Essential Reading activities


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Effective writing activities

Effective writing is a skill that you have to teach yours students every day. If

will benefit you and your class if you can find a new and interesting way to

develop their writing ability. In this case teacher introduce a variety of method

and take the student out of the class room in to different environment toinspire, motivate and encourage them to enjoy writing.

A picture tells a thousand word

Often the problem students have with writing is that they do not knowhow to begin or cannot come up with any ideas for a story or piece of

writing. Inspire them through pictures. There are a huge amount of

wonderful landscape photographs widely available for free on-line.Make a PowerPoint slideshow of the scenes to run on the white board

during the lesson. Split students into groups and give them a pictureeach. Let them spend a lesson looking at and discussing the picture andthen brainstorming words and phrases that the picture inspires. Help

them by moving around the class during this time and asking them openquestions. Who do you think lives here? What is causing those huge

waves? What is on the other side of that mountain? Groups share their

ideas with the rest of the class. Use the results of the brainstorm to goon to write a descriptive piece or a poem, or even an adventure story.

Go hunting

Take your students on a dragon hunt.This takes some organization but can create some wonderful writing. Tell your

students you are all going to be dragon hunters (or bear hunters, or lion

hunters or even fairy hunters - whatever you think will inspire your class).

Prior to the lesson hide some objects in the school grounds. Use bits of old

jewelry dropped by a princess, a sword left by a knight who ran away, a pile

of old (plastic) bones; anything that provides clues to where the dragon is

hiding. If possible, set up a den where the dragon lives. Take your studentsoutside and search for the dragon. Back in class, use the hunt as a starting

point for descriptive writing, adventure stories, even nonfiction writing;

produce a report about the dragon or a leaflet about an endangered dragon.

Allowing students to be children and to have fun gives them a positive

learning experience and inspires them to improve their writing.


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Mystery bag

Use a mystery bag to inspire writing.Again, this activity will help to provide students with inspiration and a

starting point for their writing. Have a bag or a pillow slip that you can'tsee through. Fill the bag with a variety of diverse objects. If you areworking with a small group, pass the bag around and have each child

take an object. Ask questions related to the object. Who owns it? Wherewas it made? Does it have any magical properties? Ask any question

that will make students think deeply and become inspired. Have

students write about a character that owns the object, or a character whois hunting for the object. If working with the whole class, have two or

three students take objects from the bag and use them as a basis for a

whole class brainstorming session along the same lines as the groupsession.


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Teenager

There is not exact age limit of teen years; specialists have different opinions

about it. Some of them think that it is rather largest period from 11 till 18

other think it is 12-15, 13-15, 14-16, and 13-17. There are specialists who

divide teens years into periods: early teen, middle teen an late teen. I look like

the most common opinion is to think about teenagers years as the period

between 13 and 17 year.

Physical development

A this period teenagers have big changes physically, their body preposition are

became like that adult, and for there is difficult to know that because they

thought that all the time they will be child, and they not a sect this change in

his or her life. However is import to put in mind that in this period the teacher

can be careful, because anything can be danger for the teen.

Study

At this age all brain function are rapidly developing too. That is why the

period is very good for study and acquiring practical skills, but school stopbeing the only place of getting knowledge. As is was told of this age

communications with friends come to the first place and teenager being to be

interested in many other thing behind study, volume of information receive

from other saucers increaser.


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This is why lesson should be very interesting and motivating only this

condition learning and school performance will be very successful. Boring

lesson is the reason of the indiscipline problems missing class and loss interest

and motivating.

Teaching teenager

Teaching teenager isn t easy, because well-being a teenager isn t easy, just

think back to your adolescence when you were going through all those

changes. Change in your body an in your mind, habits opinion tastes clothes

and music, relation ships with parents and teacher.

Of course its dangerous and difficult to generalize about adolescence from

individual to individual and culture from culture, but if you have accepted the

changes of teaching teenagers, then you are teacher of group of young

impressionable peoples and we need to try to be flexible and patients with

each individual

Something to keep in maid when teaching teenagers

It seen that all teenagers are interested in romantic music, so exploit that

interest by bringing music and the feeling that can be expressed through song

in to the class room.

That is personally relevant to your teenagers

Teenager are discovering (often with difficult) a different relationship with

other and group work allows individual to interest with different classmates in

a less stressful collaborative atmosphere.

Teenagers are starting to define their proper personality (sometimes it seems

they have multiple personalities) and role-play activities can allow them to

tray to express different feeling behind no-threatening face-saving masks.

Part of growing up is taking responsibility for ones acts and in school for

ones learning, so a measure leaners autonomy and individual choose can be

help full for teenagers.

Its amazing how some teenagers will have almost encyclopedic knowledge of

a particular field so let individual students bring their outside interest and

knowledge in to the classroom through cross curricular work.


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Variety including surprise and Kumour is the spice of class room life (perhaps

particularly with teenagers and they infamous short attention span) so try out

different warner starts and fillers to change the pace and enliven the

organization or your lesson.

Teenager are discovering their bodies so use movement by giving students anopportunity to move during the class.

Teaching in secondary school often mean teaching multiple level classes, but

effective classroom management can help even with very large classes.

Use a mother tongue can not only steers a whole class activity always from

misunderstanding contortion and potential discipline problems (always a risk

with teenagers) but also help avoid pressure on an individual by removing the

impression that one person is being tasted and put on the spot.

Game can provide not only purposeful contexts I which to use language but

they also stimulate interaction, provide competition and are fun as long as rule

are clear and clearly followed by all participants.

Project work offers each individual a chance to use their individual talent to

do something personally meaningful and motiving with the language they are

leaning and the resulting posters and other visuals can be displayed around the

classroom.

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