effective 4/1/2014...at the conclusion of an assignment (e.g., a courtroom where a deputy has been...

AACOSO Security Bureau SOP/Field Training Manual Effective 4/1/2014

Amended 4/1/2014

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Introduction

In compliance with common law, legislative mandate, judicial opinion, and local custom, the day-to-day responsibilities of the Anne Arundel County Sheriff’s Office concern providing support to the judiciary. The services of the Office revolve around two distinct functions:

Providing for the physical security of the Circuit Court for Anne Arundel County, to include ensuring the safety of all its occupants.

Enforcing the “will” of the District Court of Maryland and the County Circuit Courts throughout Anne Arundel County.1

The activities undertaken by the Security Bureau primarily pertain to the first duty. Deputy Sheriffs of Anne Arundel County need to understand the duties associated with all assignments in the Security Bureau. The following Standard Operating procedures are intended to be a guide in performing duties within the Circuit Court. These procedures do not supersede laws, ordinances or Sheriff’s Office General Orders will augment the bureau’s Field Training Manual.

1 CJ 2-301 & 2-605. Also, the term “county” in this context is intended to be inclusive of Baltimore City.


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1 REPORTING FOR DUTY ...................................................................................................................... 4

2 MAIN ENTRANCE/DOOR 1 .................................................................................................................. 5

2.1 MAGNETOMETER OPERATOR .......................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 X-RAY SCANNER OPERATOR ......................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 HAND SCANNER OPERATOR ........................................................................................................................... 6 2.4 WEAPONS AS EVIDENCE ................................................................................................................................. 8 2.5 FINDING A WEAPON INCIDENT TO A SEARCH ................................................................................................. 8 2.6 MEDICAL EXCEPTIONS ................................................................................................................................... 9 2.7 PROVIDING INFORMATION TO THE PUBLIC ..................................................................................................... 9

3 VIP PARKING GARAGE/DOOR 2 & MONITORING SALLY PORT ENTRANCE ............................. 10

4 MONITORING LOADING DOCK/DELIVERIES AND EMPLOYEE ENTRANCE ............................... 11

5 MONITORING COURTROOMS .......................................................................................................... 12

5.1 FUNDAMENTAL PRACTICES .......................................................................................................................... 12 5.1.1 Child support contempt hearings before a Master. .................................................................................. 14

5.2 OVERVIEW OF TRIAL PROGRESSION ............................................................................................................. 15 5.2.1 Trial by Jury ........................................................................................................................................ 15 5.2.2 Court Trial........................................................................................................................................... 17

5.3 SEQUESTERED JURY ..................................................................................................................................... 19 5.3.1 Security Plans for Sequestered Jury .................................................................................................. 19 5.3.2 Personal Conduct of Deputies during Sequestered Juries ................................................................ 19 5.3.3 Access to Sequestered Jurors .............................................................................................................. 19 5.3.4 Contact with Sequestered Jurors ........................................................................................................ 20 5.3.5 Accommodations/ Meals for Sequestered Juries ............................................................................... 20 5.3.6 Sequestered Jury Access to the Media................................................................................................ 20 5.3.7 Telephones in Sequestered Jury rooms .............................................................................................. 20 5.3.8 Sequestered Jury room Assignments .................................................................................................. 20 5.3.9 Transporting Sequestered Jurors ....................................................................................................... 21 5.3.10 Emergency Evacuation from a Sequestered Site ............................................................................... 21

5.4 “HIGH PROFILE” OR “HIGH RISK” TRIALS .................................................................................................... 21 5.4.1 Pre-trial Planning Meeting ................................................................................................................. 21 5.4.2 Trial Precautions ................................................................................................................................ 22

5.5 COMMUNICATIONS: ...................................................................................................................................... 24

6 PATROLLING THE FACILITY ............................................................................................................ 25

6.1 DURING NORMAL BUSINESS HOURS ............................................................................................................. 25 6.2 AFTER NORMAL BUSINESS HOURS ............................................................................................................... 25 6.3 K-9 PATROL ................................................................................................................................................. 25

7 MONITORING ACCESS CONTROL & ALARM SYSTEMS ............................................................... 27

7.1 BCC RESPONSIBILITIES ................................................................................................................................ 27

8 ESCAPE & ESCAPE ATTEMPTS ...................................................................................................... 27

9 EMERGENCIES ............................................................................................................................... 29

9.1 MEDICAL EMERGENCY OF A PRISONER ........................................................................................................ 29 9.2 FIRE .............................................................................................................................................................. 29 9.3 BOMB THREAT ............................................................................................................................................. 29


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9.4 INCLEMENT WEATHER ................................................................................................................................. 30 9.5 NATURAL DISASTER ..................................................................................................................................... 30 9.6 CIVIL DISTURBANCE/UNAUTHORIZED DEMONSTRATIONS ........................................................................... 30

10 PUBLIC & MEDIA RELATIONS ...................................................................................................... 31

10.1 COURTROOMS............................................................................................................................................... 31 10.2 FACILITY EXTERIOR ..................................................................................................................................... 31 10.3 MEDIA VEHICLES ......................................................................................................................................... 31 10.4 SALLYPORT .................................................................................................................................................. 32 10.5 SPEAKING WITH THE MEDIA ......................................................................................................................... 32 10.6 COURT TOURS, K-9 AND OTHER DEMONSTRATIONS ..................................................................................... 32

10.7 COURTHOUSE ENVIRONMENT……………………………………………………………………….


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1 Reporting for Duty

At the beginning of each scheduled shift deputies must be in the proper uniform of the day with all required equipment and ready to start the shift. Security Bureau personnel who are unable to arrive for their scheduled shift must speak with a supervisor prior to their reporting time. On a daily basis all Security Bureau personnel are responsible for duty assignments posted on the Security Bureau roll-call assignment screen, the assignment board in the Security Bureau Court Coordinator’s Office, and the “10-43” clip board. These assignments will generally fall into the following categories:

Courtroom; Primary public entrance (a.k.a., “door 1”); Basement/V.I.P. garage (a.k.a., “door 2”);

Loading dock/Employee Entrance (a.k.a., “door 3/door 4”); Detention Command Center (a.k.a., “lock-up”, including transport); Facility patrol (a.k.a., “rover”); Relief assignments; Building Command Center; and,

Court coordinator (a.k.a., “assignment desk) At the conclusion of an assignment (e.g., a courtroom where a deputy has been assigned is adjourned for the day), the participating deputy will secure the courtroom and immediately contact the court coordinator, without delay, for possible reassignment. Deputies are required to report assignment status changes to the court coordinator.


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2 Main Entrance/Door

The primary courthouse public entrance adjacent to Church Circle is typically open to the public from 0800 until 1700 hours during normal business days. Employees with proper identification are usually permitted to enter the facility as early as 0700 hours. All persons entering the Circuit Court, with the exception of Judges, active police officers on official business, employees displaying a Sheriff’s Office issued ID card, and attorneys displaying an Anne Arundel County Sheriff’s Office Attorney ID card will pass through the security checkpoint/scanning positions at this entrance. Members of the Sheriff’s Office will staff the entrance 0700 hours until 1700 hours on normal business days. Persons displaying a Sheriff’s Office issued courthouse identification card will be permitted to use the employee entrance on South Street (see section 4 - Monitoring Loading Dock/Deliveries Employee Entrance). Necessity dictates that generally the public is not to bring certain items such as “edged” tools or audio/visual devices into the Courthouse. Prohibited items include knives, box cutters, pointed scissors, knitting/crochet needles, bottle/can/letter openers, chemical spray (e.g., oleoresin capsicum), radios, cassette CD players/recorders, cameras, electronic control device ie: “stun gun” or firearms. Primary public entrances of this facility should have three positions. These positions are described below. In practice, each Deputy/Civilian employee staffing an entrance should be familiar with the operation of all detection equipment at the location and work in concert with his/her peers. If an individual refuses (see 2.6 Medical Exceptions) to enter through the metal detector or submit to the search by hand wand, that person will be denied entrance to the courthouse; without proper medical documentation or supervisor approval. If an individual refuses to let a Deputy/Civilian employee search any item, the item must be removed from courthouse property. No individual will be admitted with an unsearched item. Be aware of and respond to the local alarm located beside the 1824 Bldg. Elevator. The panel at the elevator will indicate if the duress alarm is at the Bar Association offices on the second floor of the 1824 building or at the reception desk in the courthouse lobby.


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2.1 Magnetometer Operator

The magnetometer operator will ensure persons desiring entrance to the facility have removed metal and electronic articles from their person and submit to a magnetic scan. Experience has demonstrated that for the most accurate use of the metal detector, the deputy will make sure an individual comes through the gate in the following manner:

• Arms at side, not touching the scanner sides; • Hands out of any pockets, open and empty; and, • Walking straight through at a normal speed. At no time will any person be told to place their hands over a metal object (e.g., jewelry, belt buckle, etc.) and walk through the metal detector. Security personnel should be sensitive to people wearing difficult to remove jewelry; hand scanning may be the preferred method.

2.2 X-Ray Scanner Operator

The x-ray scanner operator will monitor all items not being worn into the facility. Items passed through the scanner will be checked for illegal/prohibited items (i.e., CDS & paraphernalia, cameras, etc.). “See Section 2 Main Entrance/Door 1 for additional prohibited items”. All items being brought into the facility will go through the x-ray scanner, scanned by a K9 team, or visually inspected. The exception is food/drink items that could spill liquid into the machine. (Place these items in a tray or suitable container and put them through the x-ray machine if it can be safely done.) If a questionable item is identified, a canine scan or hand search will be conducted to eliminate the possible threat.

2.3 Hand Scanner Operator

The hand scanner operator uses this portable detection device on those persons who cannot pass through the magnetometer without activating it, or those persons who for medical reasons cannot use the magnetometer. The “hand wand” will also be used when an individual fails to clear the metal detector after all attempts have been made to remove metal objects in the person’s possession.


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The proper method for using the hand wand is:

Press button on hand wand to activate;

Verify all pockets have been emptied;

Ask subject to stand in a spread position;

Position yourself in front of the subject, keeping your eyes on the subject during the entire search

Cover the subject’s entire body with the hand wand remaining about four inches away from the body while searching.

If the hand wand detects any metal objects on the subject, the identified object will be removed from the person, if possible. If removal is not possible, the deputy will examine the object by sight before continuing the search. If the object is not readily visible, ask the subject to step out of the public’s view. Have the subject rearrange his/her clothing to allow you to see the object. Respect the individual’s right to privacy. Do not compromise security. Justification for more intrusive searches must meet legal guidelines. If the individual states they cannot be scanned with the hand scanner, the individual must submit to a “hands on” search (see 2.6 Medical Exceptions). The preferred method of conducting a “hands on” search involves a male deputy searching a male, and a female deputy searching a female. The hand scanner operator will also be responsible for assisting law enforcement personnel who are on personal business with securing their firearms (i.e., in a “lock-box”). The only persons authorized to enter the facility with firearms are law enforcement personnel on official business. Additionally, all items not permitted in the facility will be removed from the facility or left with the Deputy/Civilian personnel, to be retrieved when exiting the facility. Any item left with the Deputy/Civilian personnel will be placed in an interoffice envelope recording on the envelope the person’s name, date, and phone number. The recovered property log will be completed in each incidence where property is temporarily retained. Upon departure the owner must identify his property by giving his name and verifying the phone number. The recovered property log will reflect the item was returned to the owner. The individual will be advised the Sheriff’s Office is not responsible for the item, they may remove it from the building.


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Every evening the PM shift personnel will secure any items not picked up by the time the main entrance doors are secured. All items will be logged into the recovered property database and placed in the designated property box in the Security Office at the main entrance. On a monthly basis, property held in excess of 30 days will be retrieved from the designated property box by a Security Bureau Supervisor. The property will be packaged in an appropriate manner to prevent injuries and properly disposed. Lost and Found items will be turned over to the Court Administrators office for final disposition.

2.4 Weapons as Evidence

Weapons or ammunition to be used as evidence should be brought to the attention of a member of the Office. Not all police are aware of this, so Deputies need to ask any police officer bringing in evidence if it includes hazardous materials, weapons or firearms. Firearms are to be rendered “safe.” The preferred method is to run a ‘plastic handcuff’ through the chamber so it is impossible for the cylinder or slide to close. Incidental measures include utilizing a trigger lock. Merely having the firearm attached (e.g., taped) to the interior of a box (i.e., as AACOPD property management dictates) is not considered sufficient. Ammunition to be brought into the courthouse as evidence must be contained in its own bag.

2.5 Finding a Weapon Incident to a Search

If a weapon is found while searching an individual the deputy shall carefully remove and secure it from the owner. If it is a handgun and the owner can produce a valid carry permit, the deputy will advise the subject that no weapons are allowed in the courthouse. The gun will have to be secured in a lock-box or removed from the facility before the owner will be admitted. If the owner cannot produce a valid permit, ask the owner to step out of public view and arrest/charge as appropriate. In the event a weapon/handgun is seized pursuant to a violation of the Maryland Criminal Laws Annotated Code/Anne Arundel County Code the article will be packaged in evidence envelop with a chain of custody form attached to the exterior. A firearm is required to be rendered “safe” prior to packaging. The recovered evidence will be maintained in an appropriate secured location pending court proceedings.


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2.6 Medical Exceptions

Any individual, who is pregnant, claims to have heart trouble, or a “pacemaker” heart regulator device will be allowed to enter the courthouse without going through the metal detector; but will be thoroughly searched with the hand wand. If an individual has medical documentation indicating they may not be subjected to any type of electronic scanning the individual will be subjected to a “hands-on” search (i.e., frisk). A frisk should be done out of public view. If possible, arrange for a male to search a male and a female to search a female.

2.7 Providing Information to the Public

Due to the volume of pedestrian traffic frequently encountered at the main courthouse entrance, it is not always feasible to hold up the line of persons entering in order to answer questions. When it is impractical to assist with such inquiries, individuals should be courteously referred to the Circuit Court information desk.


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3 VIP Parking Garage/Door 2 & Monitoring Sally Port Entrance

From 0700 until 1700 hours, a deputy/civilian employee will be assigned to monitor activity at the sally port/garage entrance (Door 2) to ensure smooth operation. The VIP garage gate will remain closed unless a vehicle is entering. All vehicles entering and exiting the facility will have the times of arrival and departure noted on the appropriate daily log. An Office issued parking placard should be obvious in the front windshield of each vehicle seeking entrance to the garage. Persons to whom a parking spot is assigned may, upon recognition by the Deputy/Civilian employee, proceed directly to the assigned space. Any other individual using an assigned spot will be asked which parking space he/she will be using, and if the space is in use will be denied entry. Exceptions will be on a case by case basis, with the approval of the Security Bureau Commander or his/her designee. Any visitor will have a temporary parking permit on the windshield and be logged into the visitor’s parking log, with the time and destination/point of contact. Staff in the Detention Command Center will assume responsibility for authorized vehicles entering the sally port.


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4 Monitoring Loading Dock/Deliveries and Employee Entrance

The employee entrance (Door 4), located beside the loading dock, will be monitored from 0700 hours until 1600 hours. The Deputy/Civilian employee monitoring the employee entrance will additionally control the deliveries through the loading dock. The loading dock bay doors will remain open from 0700-1600 hours. While monitoring deliveries, the Deputy/Civilian employee must be able to view and monitor the employee entrance door. The loading dock will not be used as an employee entrance; employees will enter and exit the authorized employee entrance at the side of the loading dock driveway. Anyone entering or exiting this door must use his/her issued proximity card to unlock the door. Failure to use the proximity card, or holding the door open to allow other people to enter/exit the door will cause a local alarm siren to sound. The Deputy/Civilian employee assigned to this post will respond to the door, identify the individual activating the alarm and advise that person of the policy. The Deputy will reset the alarm on the panel on the wall to the left of the employee exit. After entering the password, the alarm will be turned off, and then reset. The Deputy/Civilian employee will process deliveries through the x-ray machine. If any package will not go through the x-ray machine, the Deputy/Civilian employee will call for an available K-9 unit to inspect the package. The Deputy/Civilian employee will document all deliveries. The incoming package log will be used for this purpose. The information should include the number of packages/envelopes, date, company/courier, number of pieces, contact person, date, time and by the Deputy/Civilian employee initiating the contact. The loading dock vendor log will be completed in each incident the vendor is required to enter the courthouse. If the receiving department has no one available to receive the delivery, the Deputy will direct the delivery person to place the delivery (after being x-rayed or checked by the K-9 team) in the mailroom and sign for the delivery. Per agreement with the Court Administrator neither the Deputy nor the Sheriff’s Office will be responsible for the delivery. EXCEPTION: The back-up tapes for the Circuit Court computer systems cannot be processed through the x-ray scanner. The courier will present a picture ID from the courier company (First Federal Corp.) and the card issued by the Sheriff’s Office giving permission for the tapes to pass around the x-ray machine. These tapes are to be hand carried by the courier to the Administrative offices of the Clerk for the Circuit Court on the 3rd floor. The loading dock will be secured prior to the Deputy/Civilian employee leaving the loading dock area.


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5 Monitoring Courtrooms

The Security Bureau does not routinely provide a Deputy for the courtroom in civil cases. However, at the request of the presiding judge, if information is developed indicating potential problems in that courtroom, or if a participant in that civil case is incarcerated or has an arrest warrant pending, a deputy may be assigned to a civil trial. During all criminal trials in the Circuit Court a Deputy will be assigned to provide security for that trial. The Deputy’s primary function is the preservation of the safety of all persons in the courtroom. He/she is also to keep order in the courtroom, maintain custody of any incarcerated persons in the courtroom and, as required, take individuals into custody.

5.1 Fundamental Practices

A Deputy assigned to a courtroom should follow certain fundamental practices:

A. Obtain a copy of the docket before reporting to the courtroom, note the number and type of trials in the assigned courtroom, number of prisoners to be tried or heard in the courtroom, and which prisoners are currently in “lock-up” and which are not. It is equally important to identify those cases where defendants are not incarcerated and the nature of these cases to anticipate the possibility of making an arrest. Also note if any of the non-custodial defendants are wanted on any warrants or body attachments.

B. Report to the courtroom early enough to perform the inspection of the

courtroom prior to the hearings beginning. C. Enter the courtroom and lock the public access door behind you. Check the

entire courtroom (under the benches, chairs, tables, and the inner perimeter of the courtroom) for any unusual or out of place items. If any item arouses suspicion in the courtroom notify the Office Court Coordinator by telephone - do not use the portable radio. Continue the courtroom security check until relief arrives to investigate the anomaly.

D. Periodically, the Office will require that all panic alarms be checked. Initiate a

check of the silent alarms in the courtroom and in the judge’s chambers by activating each, and verifying with the Building Command Center/Detention Command Center that the alarm activated properly.

E. Due to possible violations of the defendant’s right to a public trial, generally

no one will be excluded from a trial except by order of the presiding judge. If the lawful capacity of the courtroom would be exceeded by allowing additional persons to enter, the individuals will be informed they may enter the courtroom after someone leaves.


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The Deputy is to observe persons entering the courtroom and monitor the activities of those persons. Upon observing unusual activity, such as a large number of family or friends, or suspicious persons, notify the Office Court Coordinator. Responses include having additional line-staff respond or a supervisor, or merely to keep the coordinator appraised of the situation. The first row of benches, are customarily reserved for attorneys, law enforcement, and the press, unless no other seating is available. Other members of the public should be asked to use other benches. When court is in session a Deputy should not unnecessarily converse with persons in the court or make unnecessary noises. Courtroom proceedings are tape-recorded. Conversations necessary to the conduct of the court will be allowed, but do not become involved in conversations that may interfere with the conduct of the court. A Deputy must insure that ALL cell phones are turned off prior to court; they may interfere with the electronic recording within the courtroom. Should you be informed or otherwise become aware of a disturbance outside of your assigned courtroom, radio or telephone the Office court coordinator/assignment desk. Remain in your assigned courtroom unless you are properly relieved to respond. Should a medical emergency arise, the deputy assigned to the courtroom shall notify the Court Coordinator, and then render aid while awaiting medical assistance. If verbal threats are made in the courtroom to any court personnel or between witnesses and defendants, notification of these actions shall immediately be reported; minimally this is reported to the Court Coordinator, and if appropriate possibly to the presiding judge or participating attorneys. Any firearm being introduced as evidence in the court will be inspected by a Deputy Sheriff prior to being handled by anyone in the courtroom. Any individual bringing into the courtroom a weapon that has not been cleared/made safe will be advised of the policy and the Deputy discovering this fact will immediately clear and/or make safe the weapon. A defendant is not to have contact with any weapon (firearm, knife, etc.) without the express consent of the presiding Judge. “Stockpiling” is the practice of building up a supply of prisoners in the courtroom. The practice of stockpiling may cause havoc with courtroom safety and therefore should be avoided. If this starts to occur, stop the flow of prisoners to the courtroom until a balance returns. Standard practice is one prisoner one deputy. Deputies may call for the next defendant before the first case ends. If a prisoner is taken to a courtroom and there is a need to standby for several minutes the “runner” (i.e., Deputy bringing the prisoner up from lock-up) should stay. If this occurs, advise the Detention Command Center of the runner’s delay. The rule-of thumb is one Deputy per prisoner in a courtroom; under normal operating conditions. Exceptions will be noted and reported to the Court Coordinator.


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There will be no visits or talking in the courtroom between a prisoner and anyone other than the Judge, attorney, or court related personnel. If the Judge orders a courtroom visit between a prisoner and another person, a Deputy Sheriff will observe both parties to make sure that there is no physical contact or passing of any items. Persons arrested during court, regardless of whether by direct contempt, warrant, or incident to an on-view criminal violation, shall be watched closely at all times and relayed to the Detention Command Center without undue delay. “Pat-downs” or searches should be conducted whenever a prisoner has contact with a member of the public or has just been taken into custody. Leg irons will be worn by all prisoners while in our custody, except during jury trials. The movement of prisoners within the complex will be conducted with the prisoner’s hands handcuffed behind their back and double-locked, unless medically required to be handcuffed in front. (Belly chains are used only when transporting prisoners outside of the courthouse.) Prisoners released by order of a Judge should minimally be escorted back to the Detention Commander Center for discharge so as to check for other detainers or warrants. Any Judge who orders an incarcerated defendant released from the courtroom should be apprised of this necessity. With particular regard to child support contempt hearings, A Deputy assigned to these Hearings, is responsible for transporting a mobile safe to and from its storage location in the Security Bureau and to the courtroom. At no time will this safe be left unattended. Deputies are not to handle money – case workers from the Child Support Enforcement Agency handle all physical monetary transfers. During the lunch break, if the docket has not been concluded and there is still money in the safe, the deputy will bring the safe with contents and lock same in the storage location. The safe will be returned to the courtroom when court resumes after the lunch break. At the end of the day’s child support contempt hearings, a caseworker will remove all money from the safe. It will then be returned to its storage location. A Deputy will escort the caseworker with the money back to a depository at the Arundel Center.

5.1.1 Child Support Contempt Hearings before a Master.

The bailiff assigned to child support hearings before a Master, will assist the Office of Child Support Enforcement Officer by calling defendants from the hall into the courtroom. The Deputy will not be asked to step out of the courtroom while he/she has a defendant in custody.


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5.2 Overview of Trial Progression

Both civil and criminal trials can be heard by a Judge alone (i.e., “court trial”), or by jury (i.e. “jury trial”). The following is a guideline for each type.

5.2.1 Trial by Jury

A jury consists of twelve people for criminal cases, and six persons for civil cases. Jury trials pose a special problem for deputies assigned to these courts, a jury is not usually permitted to view an incarcerated defendant or witness in handcuffs or leg irons. Exposure of the jury to the defendant while the defendant is secured may cause a mistrial, or a dismissal of the charges. Jury trials require the movement of any incarcerated person who is testifying to occur only when the jury is “locked in” (i.e., all jury members are accounted for in a secure place, other than the courtroom), while the prisoner is being moved. Jury trials often require several deputies in attendance since the security/escape risk is greatly increased. Jury trials require the Deputy or Deputies assigned to be very careful in the movement of the prisoner and the constant knowledge of the location of the jury. Deputies should work in close concert with the Bailiffs (i.e., Bailiffs in this circuit court predominately oversee most aspects of jury handling). A Deputy will be assigned as Primary Deputy (when possible a Secondary Deputy will be assigned) for the duration of a Jury trial. These Deputies will be responsible for the courtroom protocols. Jury deliberation may go beyond normal business hours. On the rare occasions when jurors are deliberating after 1800 hours and request food the Bailiff will handle the request. After placing the order to be delivered to the courthouse, the Bailiff will advise Sheriff’s Security Bureau personnel that a food delivery is expected for jurors. A Deputy will meet the delivery at the Main Entrance on Church Circle and escort him/her to the Jury room. Only the Bailiff is permitted to enter the Jury room. All deliveries should be inspected by the Deputy/Bailiff for contraband items.


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Sequence of events in a Jury Trial

I. Selection of a Jury A. Challenges for cause B. Peremptory challenges - can arbitrarily refuse to accept (there is a set limit

to the number of allowed pre-peremptory challenges) II. Opening Statements A. Plaintiffs Statement B. Defendant’s Statement III. Presentation of Plaintiffs case

A. Examination of Witnesses 1. Direct examination by Plaintiffs Counsel 2. Cross examination by Defendant’s Counsel 3. Re-Direct examination by Plaintiffs Counsel 4. Re-Cross examination by Defendant’s Counsel

B. Introduction of and admission of Plaintiffs exhibits IV. Presentation of Defendant’s case

A. Examination of Witnesses 1. Direct examination by Defendant’s Counsel 2. Cross examination by Plaintiffs Counsel 3. Re-Direct examination by Defendant’s Counsel 4. Re-Cross examination by Plaintiffs Counsel

B. Introduction of and admission of Defendant’s exhibits V. Instruction by the Court to the Jury VI. Final arguments by opposing counsel

A. Plaintiffs closing arguments B. Defendant’s closing arguments C. Plaintiffs rebuttal arguments

VII. Deliberation by the Jury VIII. Receipt of the Jury’s verdict by the Court IX. Sentencing


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5.2.2 Court Trial

Plea Bargain - Due to the number of criminal cases processed by modern courts, the plea bargain has become the most common court procedure. In this arrangement the State’s Attorney will either read or have a witness read the agreed upon statement of facts outlining what occurred. Full Trial - The defendant may also default to a full trial. Of interest to the courtroom Deputy is that an incarcerated defendant will be escorted to the courtroom in leg irons and handcuffed behind the back. When the Judge calls the defendant to the trial table, the handcuffs only will be removed. The defendant will remain in leg irons through out the trial. If the trial continues for any length of time and the trial is stopped for breaks, lunch, or other court matters, the defendant will be returned to the Detention Command Center after being handcuffed to the rear before leaving the courtroom. When being moved to and from the courtroom handcuffs and leg irons will remain on the prisoner.

In the case of a defendant not in custody during trial it is important that the Deputy be extremely alert and ready to respond to actions of the defendant, particularly as the Judge gives the verdict. It is also important that the Deputy listen carefully to the verdict and be prepared to take the defendant into custody as the verdict demands. Once the verdict dictates taking the defendant into custody the Deputy will immediately move to take physical control of the defendant. One must listen carefully to ascertain if the defendant will be placed in custody, the sentence is to be suspended, or deferred to a later date. If arrested, the defendant will be allowed to sign any documents presented by the court clerk for signature but will immediately thereafter be handcuffed to the rear and the Deputy will call for another Deputy to escort the new prisoner to lockup.


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Sequence of events in a Court Trial by Judge

I. I. Opening statements by opposing counsel A. Plaintiffs Statement B. Defendant’s Statement II. II. Presentation of the Plaintiffs case A. Examination of witnesses 1. Direct examination by Plaintiffs Counsel 2. Cross examination by the Defendant’s Counsel 3. Re-Direct examination by Plaintiffs Counsel 4. Re-Cross examination by Defendant’s Counsel B. Introduction of and admission of plaintiffs exhibits II. III. Presentation of Defendants case A. Examination of witnesses 1. Direct examination by Defendant’s Counsel 2. Cross examination by Plaintiffs Counsel 3. Re-Direct examination by Defendants Counsel 4. Re-Cross examination by Plaintiffs Counsel B. Introduction of and admission of Defendants exhibits

IV. Final arguments by opposing counsel A. Plaintiffs closing arguments

B. Defendant’s closing arguments

C. Plaintiffs rebuttal arguments V. Judge’s decision (Court’s oral decision) VI. Sentencing


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5.3 Sequestered Jury

While in practice it is rare that jury members are not permitted to return home at the end of day’s testimony or deliberation, the possibility of encountering a sequestered jury is not beyond comprehension. A sequestered jury requires 24-hour protection of the jurors and around the clock security measures. Whenever sequestered jury trials occur, they will require full cooperation of all members of the Sheriffs Office and heavy use of personnel. Sequestering juries is costly and security risks are usually much higher than most trials. Extreme caution should be exercised so that improper procedures do not legitimate an appeal. While the following guidelines are considerations when faced with a sequestered jury, detailed discussions with the presiding Judge should dictate the protocol to be followed.

5.3.1 Security Plans for Sequestered Jury

Security plans and procedures for each trial should agree with existing court rules or orders and should be presented to the presiding Judge for approval. Deviations from the approved plans should be reported to the Judge before they are carried out. The court’s documented order for sequestration should discuss the conduct of jurors, plus appropriate restrictions and control measures. Violations or suspected violations of the court order, or any suspected attempt to influence a juror, should be related to the Judge immediately and a written report made of the incident.

5.3.2 Personal Conduct of Deputies during Sequestered Juries

Security personnel should maintain a professional and courteous manner towards jurors at all times. They should not discuss trial related subjects nor allow others to do so, except by court order and should never express an opinion about the trial. The attire of sworn personnel should also be clarified, professional and approved by the Judge if different than authorized uniform of the day.

5.3.3 Access to Sequestered Jurors

Access to juror’s quarters should be given only to security staff, those providing essential services, and other persons specifically authorized by the court.


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5.3.4 Contact with Sequestered Jurors

All persons having contact with the jurors, including medical personnel and departmental officials should be sworn by court oath. Identity, purpose, and arrival/departure times of all visitors should be reported in a log. Written authorization for visits should be retained for the “court record” and entries should be made in the log for any verbal authorization. Service personnel, such as waiters and cleaning staff should be escorted at all times while in the juror’s quarters. They should be told not to talk to the jurors. It is also a good practice to find out, if possible, if any of the service personnel are related to the trial participants. Finally, juror’s laundry should be inspected before it is sent out and before being returned to the jurors.

5.3.5 Accommodations/ Meals for Sequestered Juries

Hotels are better than motels to maintain security and control, because a block of rooms can usually be procured on a single floor. An upper floor is best to reduce the possibility of communications from outside sources.

5.3.6 Sequestered Jury Access to the Media

The court order should specify which type of media jurors may see and hear. If authorized, a television may be set up in a common lounge. However, the Bailiff should monitor the television content and turn off newscast bulletins and captions. Videotapes can often be made to insure that no unauthorized material is seen and there should be a record of all programs watched. Removal or disabling of TV sets, radios, and telephones in juror’s rooms, should be approved by the Judge.

5.3.7 Telephones in Sequestered Jury rooms

Control telephones so there are no unmonitored incoming or outgoing calls. Telephones should only be activated in the Bailiffs or Deputies’ rooms and use strictly monitored.

5.3.8 Sequestered Jury room Assignments

Generally assign two persons of the same sex to a room. If a private dining room is not available, use a spare room on the jury floor for meals. With consent of the court, jurors may be permitted to have a limited number of cocktails in the evening (e.g., 2), and only then if they are not returning to court for deliberations that evening. Accurate financial records of meals and other incurred costs should be kept.


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5.3.9 Transporting Sequestered Jurors

During transportation between the sequestration site (e.g., hotel) and the courthouse jurors are always subject to possible physical harm and outside influences. If there is some reason to suspect an attempt on the jury’s physical well being, an advance security detail should scout the route and recommend detours or other tactics. Also, a rear security force should follow the transport detail. Precautions are needed to make sure that jurors do not encounter information relating to the case in newspapers, posters, banners, or things of this sort during the trip. Transport vehicles should be searched in advance for such material and jurors should not hear commercial radio broadcasts nor walk by newsstands or newspaper dispensers. It may be necessary to cover the vehicle with material of some sort to prevent jurors from accidentally observing such materials. If commercial transportation is used (e.g., chartered bus), the driver should be advised not to converse with the jurors about the trial. Suitable transportation should be available on a standby basis in case any emergency arises (e.g., a bus to remain on site)

5.3.10 Emergency Evacuation from a Sequestered Site

Designate an emergency evacuation location. In the event of a fire, bomb threat, or any other emergency situation that might cause harm, jurors should be immediately evacuated to a predetermined location. Jurors need not be informed of the reason for such moves - only that it is necessary. They should be cautioned not to discuss the move or to speculate as to the reason for it.

5.4 “High Profile” or “High Risk” Trials

Special considerations must be given to high risk/high profile trials. High-risk trials are those which the nature of the offense (Murder, rape, violence against multiple victims etc.) or intelligence indicating an increased threat of escape or violence. High Profile trials are those which have received media attention or involve public personalities. The complications inherent in these types of trials require increased security and special attention to media and public figures. It is therefore even more important for the all Sheriff’s Office personnel working with the case and other areas of the courthouse to be prepared for spontaneous events or security alerts. Risk factors will be documented for review and evaluation for utilization of the Sheriff’s Emergency Response Team (SERT).

5.4.1 Pre-trial Planning Meeting


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In anticipation of a high-risk trial, the Judge and a representative of the Sheriff’s Office, and the State’s Attorneys assigned to the trial should convene and discuss the proper security means to be implemented. The planning meeting should consist of the following: • A discussion of problems anticipated. • The number of personnel from the Sheriffs Office required during the trial. • Restraints for the prisoner during the trial. • The use of electromagnetic equipment for screening of spectators (hand held

scanners for use at the courtroom entrance) • Exclusion or detention of persons who refuse to be searched. • Courtroom searches prior to the court hearing. • Plainclothes Deputies seated in the gallery, as security observers during the trial. • Use of video tape recorders to record incidents within the courtroom. • Controlled seating of the press and spectators - possible use of assigned seating.

Seating passes and length of time seating passes should be used per spectator. Family members assigned seating.

• Sequester jury or not. At the conclusion of the meeting, appropriate action plan and court orders should be issued. Ground rules should be established at this meeting on the latitude the Sheriff and/or Deputies will have in dealing with disturbances during the trial. Deputies escorting defendants to the bench or moving in the courtroom.

5.4.2 Trial Precautions

Any court proceeding may be deemed a “high risk” by virtue of various extenuating circumstances. Suggestions to be considered regarding extra security measures and precautions when preparing for a trial deemed high risk as follows. Ultimately, coordination should be made with the presiding Judge to ensure that typical activities on our part do not usurp or adversely interfere with judicial prerogative.


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• Notification of supervisor when defendant and attorneys in high risk trials enter the Courthouse.

• A minimum of two (2) deputies will be assigned to the courtroom, positioned to

protect the Judge and Prosecutor and to preclude the possibility of flight. • One (1) Deputy will be responsible for the defendant at all times. • Coordinate with the Operations Bureau Commander to coordinate additional

personnel and transportation issues. • “Stop and Frisk” as applicable to the situation. • Distribute photographs and background of defendant to all personnel. • Use of body armor by all security personnel. • Notify all applicable outside police/correctional agencies of the trial. • During security trials, the Bailiff working the court ensures that the Judge’s water

carafe has not been contaminated. • The courtroom will never be left vacant during a security trial. A deputy will have the

courtroom under observations at all times or the courtroom will be locked. • During security trials the Deputy designated as the shift leader will make sure all

loose objects at the defense table are removed, as they could be used as a weapon or a propelled object.

• A minimum of two deputies per prisoner will be in court when a high security

prisoner is present and/or during high-risk trials. Two deputy sheriffs will escort a high-risk prisoner to and from courts. The advance deputy will walk 4-6 feet left front of the prisoner, while the second deputy will be to the rear of the prisoner, within arms reach. All prisoners will be handcuffed with their hands behind their back and will be leg ironed. When handcuffs and leg irons are off the prisoner, they will be kept secured and out of sight of the jury.

• The Sheriff will establish procedures for handling threats to Judges. The procedure

should provide for the immediate personal security of the Judge until the threat can be evaluated by the proper investigative agency.

• All deputies will carry their office radio on their belts at all times. The radios will be

utilized in case of emergency and/or evacuation. Special earpiece/microphones will be utilized as designated by supervisor.


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• No one except the current proceeding’s lawyers, media or law enforcement officers will sit in the first row behind the bar.

• In high-risk trials, a designated seating plan and/or seating passes may be utilized.

5.5 Communications:

All Deputies assigned to the Security Bureau will be issued radios with earpieces and microphone attachments. After initial issue, the earpiece and microphone attachments will be mandatory equipment for courtroom deputies. For officer safety purposes, all courtroom Deputies will wear and maintain their radio equipment in a charged and operational capacity. Channel 13B will be monitored while in the courtroom. Radio usage should not interfere with court proceedings. Telephones should be utilized for contacting the Detention Command Center or Assignment Desk. Radios may be used in emergency situations. Do Not use radios to transmit if there is a suspicious package.


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6 Patrolling the Facility

6.1 During Normal Business Hours

The Deputy assigned to patrol duty will patrol the entire Courthouse checking for security and safety hazards. The Deputy will also assist at any security post if needed. The “rover” Deputy is responsible for providing breaks to the other Deputies. Deputies will be relieved from the earliest working to the last working in that order. The relief schedule shall be determined by the Court Coordinator/assignment desk or otherwise as required. A minimum of four patrols, inside and outside, will be conducted and documented, on each 8-hour shift.

6.2 After Normal Business Hours

At 1630 hours a Deputy will ensure land records researchers have cleared the Land Records Office and secure the area. At 1700 hours, the main public entrance doors will be locked and the underground/V.I.P. garage closed, barring scheduled late events. Access will then be only available using an authorized identification keycard. Nights and weekend protocols will be in place. On a regular basis the courthouse is used for activities not traditionally considered court functions. These activities range from Family Law Division parenting and Family Relations Classes, State Firearms Safety Course, Project Reality Early Juvenile Intervention Program, Mock Courts, assorted Anne Arundel County Bar Association activities and the Court Administrator’s Bagpipe Corps practices. Some activities permit attendees to use the courthouse main entrance during the activity. When those activities are being held, a Deputy will remain in the area of the Main Entrance to monitor all persons entering or exiting the courthouse. The Deputies working the evening shift will verify the entrance is secure and alarm status shows doors are secured. After securing the doors Deputies will perform a thorough check of the entire facility. Notation will be made of any personnel working after hours. Interior doors should be locked after a walk through of the adjoining office/room and lights turned off. Office computers should be properly shut down.

6.3 K-9 Patrol

1. In the event of finding a suspicious package, secure the area and keep incident log,

contact the court coordinator during normal business hours to arrange for a K-9 team response. After hours a K-9 officer may be contacted directly. (Note: only a supervisor may authorize the dispatching of a K-9 Team to a location outside of the Circuit Court Facility). During normal business hours of the court, personnel


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assigned to K-9 may be regularly called upon to assume non-K-9 related duties (e.g., staffing a courtroom or entrance post); priority will be given to K-9 duties.


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Detention Command Center

7 Monitoring Access Control & Alarm Systems

The Circuit Court facility has electronic access control, CCTV, and alarm systems. These systems are functionally separated into the detention area (i.e., the Detention Command Center, and the remainder of the facility (monitored by the Building Command Center). There is some overlap of capabilities though (e.g., both sides can call up any courtroom camera). Generally the functions are separated as follows:

DETENTION COMMAND CENTER BUILDING COMMAND CENTER Lock-up cell doors Access to the facility and secured areas

Lock-up area cameras Exterior and public area cameras Sally port door control VIP/Judge parking garage access

Lock-up elevator control Proximity card access control system Receive Courtroom duress alarms Chambers and Secretary duress alarms

Receive duress alarms from all lock-up areas Roll over of all alarms not acknowledged Monitoring courtroom cameras Receive Courtroom duress alarms

Initial response to fire alarms and calling Fire Department

Monitor courtroom cameras

7.1 BCC Responsibilities

Compass 4E Access Control System Overview is the primary access control system for the courthouse. The operating control system is accessible in the BCC. It monitors intrusion and duress alarms, CCTV, intercom system, and egress controls. The Building Command Center also has a remote Fire Alarm System panel which is monitored by BCC personnel. For operational instructions, refer to the appropriate system manuals located in the BCC. DCC Responsibilities are to monitor all related systems pertaining to the Detention Command area.

8 Escape & Escape Attempts

A prisoner’s escape is a felony in the State of Maryland which occurs whenever an inmate leaves the actual place of confinement to which he/she is restricted. All employees of the Anne Arundel County Sheriff’s Office are responsible to the Sheriff for the reporting of any escape or attempts to escape. The Annapolis Police Department and other police agencies may assume responsibility for the apprehension of inmates after escape has occurred and/or assisting deputies should a related disturbance occur within the facility.


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Sheriff’s Office Personnel discovering inmates missing, escaped, or attempting to escape will:

- Contact the Security Bureau Commander by radio/phone and advise a supervisor of the situation. Broadcast via radio to all units.

- Lock all inmates on his/her post in a secure area (e.g., cells). - Lock down possible security doors, grills, and egress points. - Advise all personnel staffing exits from the facility, broadcast over all channels by dispatchers; with appropriate identifying data, direction of travel and any safety precautions.


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9 Emergencies

9.1 Medical Emergency of a Prisoner

On occasions it becomes necessary to transport a prisoner to the hospital for emergency medical care. Medical personnel should be summonsed upon any prisoner’s request and one or more deputies should be assigned to provide security for and in the ambulance. If there is sufficient room available for the deputy he/she should remain in the back of the ambulance with the inmate and the paramedic. Upon arrival at a medical facility contact should be made with the organization’s security staff. An inmate will remain in restraint equipment at all times unless removal is necessary for medical treatment. In these situations the deputy will request to be permitted to restrain one of the inmate’s arms or legs to the hospital bed. The deputy will remain on post until properly relieved. Only medical staff will have access to the prisoner. No visitors will be allowed for any reason. Incoming and outgoing telephone calls will be prohibited.

9.2 Fire

In the event of a fire alarm the automated fire system will immediately begin announcing a fire evacuation. Personnel designated by the Security Bureau Supervisor will respond to the Fire Command Center and assume the post. All others will ensure all prisoners are returned to lockup, if safe to do so. After attending to the security of any prisoners in the deputy’s immediate custody, the deputy will contact the court coordinator for evacuation assignment.

9.3 Bomb Threat

In the event of a bomb threat against the Circuit Court, the person receiving the call will immediately notify supervisory staff. Coordination with the Chief Administrative Judge of the Circuit Court will be necessary to get a decision whether to evacuate or not. If the decision is to not evacuate, a search of the facility will nonetheless be initiated in conjunction with maintenance personnel. Logs and appropriate documentation of all calls, notifications, and actions should be maintained.


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9.4 Inclement Weather

Inclement Weather includes weather events that may result in the closing of the Circuit Court Facility. If the Circuit Court Facility is open on time, or the opening is delayed, sworn members of the Security Bureau are considered essential personnel and must report to duty at their regularly scheduled time. If the Circuit Court is closed entirely, sworn members or the Security Bureau will be considered non-essential personnel and will not report to duty as scheduled. Compensation will be made to those affected employees pursuant to the appropriate union contracts and Employee Relations Manual. It will be the responsibility of each affected employee to monitor radio, television, and/or the Circuit Court web site to learn of any closings. Pursuant to current union contracts and Employee Relations Manual, those personnel on scheduled annual leave and/or sick leave made prior to any closing announcements will not receive administrative leave for any day(s) affected.

9.5 Natural Disaster

In the event of a natural disaster Deputies may be required to report to assist in securing the Circuit Court facility or render assistance elsewhere in the county as directed.

9.6 Civil Disturbance/Unauthorized Demonstrations

When confronted with a civil disturbance or unauthorized demonstration; immediately notify a supervisor. Avoid provocative actions, which may unnecessarily escalate tensions. Deputies will avoid engaging in any discussions concerning the purposes of the demonstrators. The Sheriff’s Office is responsible for the safety of people and property in the circuit court facility and protecting against the disruption of the orderly operation of the offices in the facility. Only upon the direction of the Sheriff’s designated official will Anne Arundel County Sheriff’s Office personnel effect necessary evictions or arrests of demonstrators. Persons arrested for failure to leave the facility may be charged under the appropriate subsection of CR 6-409.


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10 Public & Media Relations (CALEA 54.1)

The relationship between any law enforcement agency and the public can be aided or seriously hindered by incomplete, inaccurate or partial release of information and by the presentation of a less than professional demeanor by organizational representatives. It is therefore imperative that all Sheriff’s Office personnel recognize the importance of public relations procedures and the need to present a positive, professional image. The public has a right to inspect or review the vast majority of “public records”. The Security Bureau is not a repository of information for the Sheriff’s Office. Refer any request for information to the Sheriff’s Office Administrative Bureau. The following guidelines are provided to ensure the smooth operation of the courthouse, while providing the media with support in its role of informing the public. Every reasonable effort will be made to accommodate the media, consistent with the primary function of providing for the safety and security of the Circuit Court Facility, court personnel, visitors and prisoners in the custody of the Sheriff’s Office.

10.1 Courtrooms

No camera, recorder, audio or video will be permitted in any courtroom. Cell phones and Pagers must be turned off or on silent. As a courtesy, members of the media are urged to sit in the front rows of the courtrooms to better follow the proceedings. Questions referencing Sheriff’s Operations will be referred to the PIO or Command Staff.

10.2 Facility Exterior

Media personnel may set up cameras and other equipment for interviews at the entrance to the facility. However the entranceway to the Circuit Court must remain open for the unobstructed movement of the public into and out of the courthouse. The Court Administrators Office will designate the assigned area.

10.3 Media Vehicles

The sidewalk may be used for parking of media vehicles only after permission is first obtained from the Sheriff’s Office. No vehicle will be allowed to park on the street or sidewalk on the Cathedral Street side of the Courthouse or to block the entrance or delivery entrance of the Courthouse.


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10.4 Sallyport

At no time will anyone, media or otherwise, be permitted within the sallyport or to in any way impede the ready access of prisoner transport vehicles safely entering or exiting the sallyport. Under unusual circumstances the Commander of the Security Bureau may establish a perimeter surrounding the sallyport, and not permit anyone beyond that perimeter.

10.5 Speaking with the Media

Deputies are to refrain from making any comments to members of the media. All requests for information will be forwarded to the Sheriff s Office Public Information Officer, or if the P. I. O. is unavailable to the deputy’s supervisor. Deputies will use phrases like, “Let me get you someone who can answer that for you.” Do not say “No Comment” - instead use phrases like “Rather than give you part of the information, I’ll have someone with more knowledge than I have get with you shortly”

10.6 Court Tours, K-9 and other Demonstrations

Tours of the Circuit Court facility are conducted for groups ranging from elected or administrative officials of other jurisdictions to school or scouting groups. To the extent possible these tours will be scheduled when no prisoners are being held. All deputies are reminded that the perception of the Sheriff’s Office may be enhanced or damaged by the actions of Deputies observed during these tours. Be especially cordial and professional whenever a group is in your immediate area or if asked to participate in a demonstration. 10.7 Courthouse Environment Working together, all deputies, civilians and courthouse employees should promote a clean, safe, healthy work environment for all users of the Circuit Courthouse. The Sheriff’s Office, Security Bureau provides a superior courthouse environment, safe and secure with outstanding professional customer service for all the citizens of Anne Arundel County. Our Standard Operating Procedure is striving for perfection, achieving excellence and settling for nothing less.

effective 4/1/2014...at the conclusion of an assignment (e.g., a courtroom where a deputy has been...

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