Ideology , Education and Identities in Pakistan

IDEOLOGY

A set of belief, especially one hold by particular group, that influence the way people behave.( Oxford Dictionary)“ ideology is concerned with how we as individuals understand the world in which we live. This understanding involves complexity both of individual psychologies and of social structure.” (M. Cormak’s)

A pattern or set of ideas, assumptions, beliefs, and values or interpretations of the world by which a culture or group operates Religious ideology :It is a faith which is unchangeable for

particular group, based on strong principles which determines the actions of the people An interpretation of past , explanation of the present and

vision for the future It is dynamic but not consistent phenomena

EMERGENCE OF IDEOLOGY

A phenomena to achieve some particular objectives May emerges in crisis Emerge among the exploited and

dissatisfied groups of the society Oppressed , rejected and mistreated people

lead to emerge ideology

FACTORS OF IDEOLOGYThree major factors which produce, shape

and reshape ideologies:

Time Class Crisis

TIME The flow of timeThe course of historySocial evolution and developmentThe emerge of modernization, globalizationThe issue of change – (social, technological, cultural, economic)Also: age (individuals, countries, systems) and readiness to embrace change.The influence of liberalism today is partly explained by the fact that liberalism was created as the ideology of change. Conservatism’s main problem: how to keep order in a changing world

CLASS

Each major ideology has its main roots in the interests of a certain class, or a section of a class, or several aligned classes For instance, in 19th century Europe: Conservative ideologies were rooted in the

interests of landed aristocracy and clergy – classes losing power as a result of modernizationCapitalism was rooted in the interests of the rising

bourgeoisieSocialism was rooted in the interests of the

working classes The special role of the intellectuals in the

production of ideas

CRISES

A catastrophe (major war, economic collapse, ecological disaster, famine)Major deterioration of social conditionsBreakdown of a stateA revolution or a counterrevolutionCrises create powerful demand for new

ideasAnd people commit themselves to ideas

much more strongly (become more ideological) than in normal times

TYPES OF IDEOLOGY

Religious Ideology(Islamic, Christianity, Jews, Hindu, etc)Political IdeologyCapitalismSocialismDemocracyFascism Neo-Liberalism

IDENTITY

 The collective aspect of the set of characteristics by which a thing is definitively recognizable or known:

The set of behavioral or personal characteristics by which an individual is recognizable as a member of a group. The quality or condition of being the same

as something else. Personal individuality.

SOURCES OF IDENTITY

What factors influence the formation of beliefs and values

Family Gender Religion & spirituality Environment (regional) Relationship to the land (local ,migrated) Language (urdu, punjabi, english, sindhi, pakhtoon) History Media political identity

ROLE OF IDEOLOGY IN THE FORMATION OF IDENTITY& VICE VERSA

Ideology change our identityChange in religionChange of Political PartyChanging thought

Identity determine our IdeologyGenderFamilyBirth

FUNCTIONS OF IDEOLOGY

Work as lynchpin among revolutionaries Create solidarity homogeneity Provide a line of action A pre-requisite for establishment of a

new social system

QUESTIONS1-To what extent should ideology be the foundation of identity?2-To what extent are ideology and identity interrelated?3-To what extent are individualism and collectivism foundations of ideology?4-To what extent does ideological conflict shape our world?5-To what extent is modern liberalism continuing to evolve?

Question

6-To what extent should an ideology shape your thinking and actions as a citizen?

?Your opinion