Ecology Review

Which of the following is NOT a biotic factor in a prairie dog ecosystem?

A. Grass and other plants that the prairie dog eats

B. Hawks, ferrets and other animals that hunt the prairie dog

C. The soil that provides the prairie dog with a home

D. Worms, fungi and bacteria that live in the soil

What is the correct order of the levels of organization of living things?

A. organism – population – community -- ecosystem

B. ecosystem – population – community -- habitat

C. organism – population – biotic factor - ecosystem

D. organism – succession – community -- ecosystem

A prairie dog, a hawk and a badger are all members of the same

A. niche

B. community

C. species

D. population

Which of the following is NOT an example of limiting factors for populations?

A. time

B. weather

C. space

D. food

Wolves are predators of moose on Isle Royale. If the moose population rises, what do you predict will happen to the wolf population?

A. The wolf population will increase until the moose population begins to decline due to too many predators

B. The wolf population will decrease because they will have to compete with a larger moose population

C. The wolf population will stay the same because they are in a mutualistic relationship with the moose

D. The wolf will go extinct due to overhunting

Although three different bird species all live in the same tree in an area, competition between the birds rarely occurs. The most likely explanation for this lack of competition is that these birds

A. occupy different niches

B. have a limited supply of food

C. eat the same food

D. live in the same part of the tree

The amount of energy transferred from one level to the next in a food web is

A. 5%

B. 10%

C. 50%

D. 90%

The process of evaporation, condensation and precipitation make up the

A. food web

B. carbon and oxygen cycles

C. water cycle

D. nitrogen cycle

“Free” nitrogen is changed into a usable form of nitrogen in the process called

A. primary succession

B. nitrogen fixation

C. condensation

D. legumes

The type of biome that exists in an area is determined by its

A. people

B. climate conditions

C. food webs

D. invasive species

MatchingPopulation ecology habitat carrying capacity energy pyramid symbiosis ecosystem invasive speciesLimiting factors extinction biodiversity

The study of how living things interact with each other and with their environment

ecology

MatchingPopulation ecology habitat carrying capacity energy pyramid symbiosis ecosystem invasive speciesLimiting factors extinction biodiversity

All the members of one species in a particular area

population

MatchingPopulation ecology habitat carrying capacity energy pyramid symbiosis ecosystem invasive speciesLimiting factors extinction biodiversity

The largest population that an area can support

carrying capacity

MatchingPopulation ecology habitat carrying capacity energy pyramid symbiosis ecosystem invasive speciesLimiting factors extinction biodiversity

An environment that provides the things the organism needs to live, grow and reproduce

habitat

MatchingPopulation ecology habitat carrying capacity energy pyramid symbiosis ecosystem invasive speciesLimiting factors extinction biodiversity

A diagram that shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web

Energy pyramid

MatchingPopulation ecology habitat carrying capacity energy pyramid symbiosis ecosystem invasive speciesLimiting factors extinction biodiversity

A species that is not native to an ecosystem

Invasive species

MatchingPopulation ecology habitat carrying capacity energy pyramid symbiosis ecosystem invasive speciesLimiting factors extinction biodiversity

A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species

symbiosis

MatchingPopulation ecology habitat carrying capacity energy pyramid symbiosis ecosystem invasive speciesLimiting factors extinction biodiversity

A community of organisms that live in a particular area along with their non-living surroundings

ecosystem

MatchingPopulation ecology habitat carrying capacity energy pyramid symbiosis ecosystem invasive speciesLimiting factors extinction biodiversity

The number of different species in a an area

biodiversity

MatchingPopulation ecology habitat carrying capacity energy pyramid symbiosis ecosystem invasive species extinction biodiversity

The disappearance of all members of a species from Earth

extinction

InteractionsPredation competition mutualism commensalism

parasitism

A lion hunts, attacks, kills and eats a zebra

predation

InteractionsPredation competition mutualism commensalism

parasitism

The seeds of purple loosestrife, an invasive species, migrate to an island and take the space of native plants

competition

InteractionsPredation competition mutualism commensalism

parasitism

Wrasses, a reef fish, clean the mouth and gills of the moray eel to gain its meal

mutualism

InteractionsPredation competition mutualism commensalism

parasitism

Barnacles live on a whale to have a place to live, but they do not take anything from the whale and the whale is not harmed

commensalism

InteractionsPredation competition mutualism commensalism

parasitism

In the rainforest, the strangle fig tree grows around another tree as it absorbs the tree’s nutrients and eventually kills the tree

parasitism

A rocky island appears as ocean waters recede. What type of species would probably appear first on the bare rocks?

Pioneer species, like mosses and lichens, would be the first to appear

A rocky island appears as ocean waters recede. What type of succession does this demonstrate? Why?

Primary succession is demonstrated because the area is starting with bare rock

An old warehouse was torn down. Small weeds and grasses grew on the abandoned land. Over the few years, bushes and tree seedlings began to grow. What will eventually happen to this land over a long period of time?

A forest will eventually grow.

An old warehouse was torn down. Small weeds and grasses grew on the abandoned land. Over the few years, bushes and tree seedlings began to grow. What type of succession does this demonstrate? Why?

Secondary succession is demonstrated because soil is present at the beginning.

Define a food web A food web is overlapping food chains in an ecosystem

Describe a food chain in this food web.

Why do all food chains start with a producer?

Producers can make their own food through photosynthesis

What is the role of mushrooms in this web?

Mushrooms are decomposers.

What would happen if all the hawks died?

The populations of squirrel, shrew, snake and bird would increase.