EBOLAKyle Draves

Kyle Draves

Pathogen

Zaire Ebola Virus Also known as EBOV One of five viruses of the genus Ebolavirus EBOV is most virulent of the

five; the one that is making headlines

Disease

Ebola causes Ebola Virus Disease

(EVD)

This disease is also referred to as

hemorrhagic fever and EBOV

labeled pic

Ebola; A Brief Background

Named after the Ebola river First identified in 1976 when two

outbreaks occurred simultaneously in Zaire and Sudan

Zaire experienced an 88% mortality rate

(280 of 318)

In 1989 Ebola made it’s way to the U.S.

In Virginia, a laboratory housing primates was victimized by an Ebola strain

This variant quickly killed the monkeys

Luckily, the airborne pathogen proved to be ineffective in humans

The WHO has recorded 25 outbreaks since 1976

The current outbreak is affecting six countries; Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Mali, United States of America and Spain

Guinea experienced the first outbreak in 2014

Timeline of Ebola’s Systemic Takeover Once inside the host, EBOV

replicates it’s RNA First, the virus attacks the immune

system When the body can no longer fight

back, the lymph nodes, spleen and liver are taken and succumb to EBOV’s cytotoxic effects

In 4-5 days, the host becomes hemorrhagic

Do I have Ebola?

Misleading Early Signs Fever Headache Vomiting Diarrhea

Soon Followed By Shock Cerebral edema Coagulation

disorders Secondary

bacterial infections

Once Incubation is Complete…Symptoms more obviously indicate an Ebola infection as the inflicted experience; Ocular diseases Rash Aborted fetuses Inability to coagulate Bleeding from orifices Multiple organ failure Terminal shock

The time from infection to the emergence of symptoms can occur between 2-21 days

Transmission

Ebola Virus is spread through bodily fluid

Portals of entry include; Breaks in the skin Mucus membranes

The virus can live outside of the body

Reservoir of Infection

The natural reservoir is unknown Vectors are unknown Fruit bats and insects of the rainforest are theorized carriers

Can Ebola be Cured?

Unfortunately, there is no cure or vaccination for Ebola

Should We be Worried? Although the 2014 outbreak is

the biggest to date… The epidemic is actually below

the average virulence for all other outbreaks 55% versus 67% (mean)case

fatality rate An estimated 10314 deaths of

24877 cases

Is Ebola going to become a global pandemic?You decide…1. Ebola is not airborne2. On average, only 1.5 people

are affected by the sick3. Outbreaks are small4. The survival rate is increases

Sources

https://mycourses.rcgc.edu/webapps/blackboard/execute/displayLearningUnit?course_id=_4491_1&content_id=_332767_1

http://www.newsweek.com/study-suggests-ebola-unlikely-become-global-pandemic-266238

http://www.forbes.com/sites/jvchamary/2014/08/13/ebola/

http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-28755033

https://contagions.wordpress.com/2014/10/18/ebolas-chain-of-infection/

http://www.forbes.com/sites/jvchamary/2014/10/13/ebola-trends/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola_virus

http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/