Earth’s Water

EQ: What part does water in the atmosphere play in determining the

world’s climatic patterns?

Meteorology . . .is the study of the entire atmosphere. When

you ask, “Is it going to rain today?” you are asking a meteorological question.

The amount of water in the atmosphere determines weather patterns.

Click on the correct answer.

Meteorology is the study of meteors.

True

False

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Correct!

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4.1 Water on Earth’s Surface

• About 70 percent of Earth’s surface is covered with water.

• This water is found in oceans, rivers, lakes, under the ground, and as ice.

4.1 The hydrosphere• All the water on Earth is part of a large system

called the hydrosphere.• Hydro means what?• Right! WATER!• Sphere means what?• Right! Round shape!

4.1 The hydrosphere• On Earth, water occurs in all three phases.• The atmosphere is the layer of gases that

surrounds the Earth.• Like a blanket!

What are the phases of water on Earth?

A.neon, phosphorus, and gasB.plasma, solid, and liquidC.solid, liquid, and gas

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Correct!

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4.1 The distribution of water on Earth

• About 97% of Earth’s water is salt water found in oceans.

• If all the water on Earth could fit into a one-liter bottle, only 17 milliliters would be fresh water.

4.1 Places where water is found• Surface water on Earth refers to water that

collects on the ground (or the surface).• This water includes oceans, lakes, rivers,

streams, and reservoirs.• A reservoir is a protected artificial or natural

lake that is used to store water.Reservoir

4.1 Places where water is found• A glacier is a huge mass of ice that forms on

land when snow and ice accumulate faster than they melt.

• Most of Earth’s fresh water is in the form of glacier ice.

4.1 Places where water is found• Groundwater is water that collects under

ground. • Some of the water on Earth’s surface moves

down through the soil to the water table (the upper level of underground water).

• Water . . . Flat like a table! Get it? Good!

According to the chart, the largest percentage of fresh water is found as ________________.

A. surface waterB. frozen waterC. ground water

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Water: unique to Earth

• The temperature range on Earth’s surface is just right for water to exist in all three phases—liquid, solid, and gas.

We need water!

•The human body is 60-75% water!

The Water Cycle

Key Q. – What are the phases of the water cycle?

4.2 The Water Cycle• The water cycle is a

continuous process that keeps water moving on the Earth.

• It is powered by energy from the Sun.

4.2 The Water Cycle

The four main phases of the water cycle are

evaporationtranspirationcondensation, andprecipitation.

The Sun, wind, weather,and gravity drive the water cycle.

4.2 Water cycle processes• Evaporation occurs when

liquid water is heated (like by the sun) and has enough energy to leave the liquid phase and become a gas.

• Water vapor is water in gas form.

• When a puddle dries up!

4.2 Water cycle processes

• Transpiration is the process in which plants lose water through tiny pores on their leaves.

IN!

OUT!

4.2 The Water Cycle• Condensation occurs when water in its

gaseous phase loses energy (cools) and becomes a liquid.

• Water molecules cool and slow down so much that they group and form droplets of liquid.

Can happen anywhere!

In the sky turns into clouds!

4.2 Water cycle processes• Precipitation is any

form of condensed water vapor in the atmosphere falling back to Earth.

• This includes rain, snow, sleet, and hail.

What makes the precipitation fall back to Earth?

Gravity!

What are the four types of precipitation?

RainSnowSleetHail

Rain

Snow

Sleet - frozen raindrops that bounce on impact with the ground

Hail

• Hail – when water drops get blown around in the clouds, the drops freeze, (wind blows them back up) and each time they go up they get another layer of ice. Until they finally get too heavy and fall to Earth! Layers like an

onion! Shrek?

Percolation -

• No, not making coffee or tea!

• When water soaks through the soil and becomes part of underground water.

Interactive water cycle

• Now let’s see the water cycle in action!

Open the link below, then click on “auto” to see the show! Explore the link. Then click the “x” to close and return to the lesson. Turn the volume down very low to not disturb others!

• http://www.epa.gov/ogwdw000/kids/flash/flash_watercycle.html

• Using the diagram, the number 2 identifies which stage of the water cycle?

• a. evaporation• b. precipitation• c. transpiration• d. condensation

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Correct!

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• Using the diagram, the number 3 identifies which stage of the water cycle?

• a. evaporation• b. precipitation• c. transpiration• d. condensation

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Correct!

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• Using the diagram, the number 1 identifies which stage of the water cycle?

• a. energy source• b. precipitation• c. transpiration• d. condensation

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Correct!

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• Using the diagram, the number 4 identifies which stage of the water cycle?

• a. evaporation• b. precipitation• c. transpiration• d. condensation

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Correct!

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1. If you do not feel confident that you understand the water cycle, please go through the PowerPoint again.

2. When you feel confident that you understand the water cycle, close the PowerPoint and keep working on your Score Card.

3. See teacher for quiz. Take the quiz and then see teacher to grade.

4. Earn extra points on your Score Card!

Hint: A mnemonic is a way to remember something. Example: Compass directions in order -- north, east, south, west

N – neverE – eat S – soggyW – watermelon

•Close out PowerPoint and work on your score card.

Credit Page

• Rain animation - morrisfisherblog.com• Clapping animation – photobucket• Sad face - mobile-phone.pk• Reservoir - cortijovalverde.com• Glacier - rosssea.info• Condensation - commons.wikimedia.org and

www.scottslumber.com

• Snow - ratedesi.com, lisisoft.com, pashnit.com• Sleet - commons.wikimedia.org, uvm.edu,

stormtrack.org• Hail - weatherstock.com, climate.met.psu.edu,

targetarea.net • Percolation - studyblue.com, and

tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com• Water cycle diagram with numbers -

http://education.jlab.org/reading/water_cycle.html

• PowerPoint modified from CPO Science.