Earth Materials and Processes

Benchmark 1 --- Describe and compare objects in terms of mass, volume and density.

Vocabulary:

1) matter 2) mass 3) triple-beam balance 4) gram 5) volume 6) Graduated cylinder 7) Cubic centimeter8) density

Measuring Massmass of Earth = 5.9742 × 1024

kilograms

Scientists describe and compare objects by _________ some of their characteristics using standardized units. Some of these physical characteristics are ______, ____, and ______.

measuring

volume

mass

density

Volume• The space an object takes up regardless of shape.

The volume of a liquid can be measured by using a _________ ________ (this is a ________ tool used for measuring liquid ______). The unit that is used to measure liquids is the ____. A liter has the volume of _____ cm3 (cubic centimeter). The prefix milli- means “___________ (______)”. A milliliter is one thousandth of 1 L, and 1 L has the volume of 1000 mL. One milliliter of liquid completely fills a cube measuring 1 cm on each side. Therefore, 1 mL equals 1 cm3.

graduated

cylinder

scientificvolum

e liter100

0thousandths

0.001

Draw and label a cubic centimeter…

Draw a 100 mL graduated cylinder containing 75 mL of liquid…(Note—we measure the volume of the liquid from the bottom of the curve known as the meniscus)

The volume of a solid can be measured by using water ________ or mathematical formulas. To displace means to _____. When using displacement to measure the volume of a solid object we measure the amount of fluid moved by the submerged object.

displacement

move

1) Fill the graduated cylinder part way with water.

The 4 steps to measure volume of a solid object…

2) Measure the starting volume of water in the graduated cylinder.

3) Tie a string to the object (or submerge) and lower it into the water until it is submerged.4) Measure the ending volume of water in the graduated cylinder, AND find the difference.

Mass• The amount of matter (stuff) within an object.• Mass is measured in grams or g

• If you weigh 100 pounds on Earth your mass is 45359.2437 grams

• 1 pound = 453.59237 grams

http://www.metric-conversions.org/weight/pounds-to-grams.htm

The scientific tool used to measure the mass of a solid or a liquid is the ____-____ _____.

Triple beambalance

It is important to remember, when measuring a liquid, you must first measure the ____ of the empty container and then _______ the mass of the empty container from the mass of the filled container. This will give you the mass of your liquid.

masssubtract

Using the sample beams below, draw arrows to accurately represent the

mass of the objects.• Mass = 124.6 g

• Mass = 79.1 g

Based on the information given determine the mass of the liquid.• Mass of empty container = 3.5 g

• Mass of full container = ____ g

• Mass of liquid = ____ g

47.2

43.7

Density• The amount of mass in a given space.

Density can be calculated by ______ mass by volume or D = M/V______ per _______ (g/mL) is the unit of measure used for the density of a _____ substance._____ per _____ _________ (g/cm3) is the unit of measure for the density of a _____ object.

dividing

grams milliliter

liquidgrams cubi

csolid

centimeter

Density of Water (H2O) is 1.00 g/mL

Density of Gold (Au) is 19.3 g/cm3

Use the information below to determine the appropriate volume, mass and

density for the rock given below. Be sure to include the correct units of measure.

Volume of rock = ______ Mass of rock = ______Formula and calculations used to find the density of this rock

Density of the rock = ___________

12 mL33.4 g

2.8 g/mLg/cm3