e pplication for a ermit to i c lpg s roject at the m p c … · liquefied petroleum gas...
TRANSCRIPT
4771-50th Street S.E., Suite One, Grand Rapids, MI 49512
Phone 616 554.3210 Fax 616 554.3211 www.horizonenv.com
June 17, 2015 Air Quality Division – Permit Section Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Constitution Hall, 3rd Floor North 525 West Allegan Street Lansing, MI 48933 RE: APPLICATION FOR A PERMIT TO INSTALL COVERING THE LPG STORAGE AND
TRANSFER PROJECT AT THE MARATHON PETROLEUM COMPANY LP REFINERY IN
DETROIT, MICHIGAN (SRN: A9831) Dear Sir or Madam,
1. INTRODUCTION
Marathon Petroleum Company LP (“MPC”) owns and operates a petroleum refinery at 1300
South Fort Street in the City of Detroit, Wayne County, Michigan (the “Detroit Refinery”). The
Detroit Refinery produces gasoline, fuel oils, asphalt, propane, and propylene through the use of
various hydrocarbon processing units. Liquefied petroleum gas (“LPG”) storage and handling
operations at the Detroit Refinery currently include the following equipment:
Sixteen pressurized “bullet” storage tanks;
Three pressurized spherical tanks;
LPG railcar loading rack; and
LPG truck loading rack.
LPG storage and transfer operations are covered under Renewable Operating Permit No. MI-
ROP-A9831-2012b, last revised by Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, Air Quality
Division (“AQD”) on January 16, 2014 (the “ROP”)1. The location of the Detroit Refinery is
illustrated in Figure 1, while the current location of the LPG storage tank and railcar loading
areas is shown in Figure 2. The LPG truck load rack, which will be unaffected by this project, is
located in the adjacent Marketing Terminal.
1 Process units covered under this Permit to Install application also operate under Permit to Install No. 63-08D. On October 30, 2014, MPC submitted an Administrative Amendment request to incorporate Permit to Install No. 63-08D into the ROP.
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 2 MPC proposes to upgrade its LPG storage and handling operations to assure the long term
operation of the Detroit Refinery in conformance with Industry and MPC engineering design and
safety standards. The upgrades include replacing the sixteen existing bullet tanks with eight new
3,000 barrel capacity bullet tanks, and the construction of a new ten spot railcar load rack in the
adjacent Melvindale Tank Farm, new piping and related components (valves, flanges, etc.), new
optimized process pumps for the new bullet tanks and railcar loading operation, and related
equipment such as vaporizers, knock-out pots, and propane dryers. The existing bullet tanks,
LPG railcar loading operation, and some related piping, pumps, and components will be
removed from service and demolished as part of the project. These upgrades are referred to as
the “LPG Storage and Transfer Project”.
Pursuant to Rule 201 of Michigan’s Administrative Rules for Air Pollution Control (PA 451 of
1994, as amended), an Air Use Permit to Install must be issued by the AQD prior to the
commencement of construction of new equipment associated with the LPG Storage and Transfer
Project. The project will not result in an increase in daily or annual refining capacity at the
Detroit Refinery. The new bullet tanks will provide for an increase in short-term LPG storage
capacity. However, the increased storage capacity will not debottleneck any upstream or
downstream operations at the Detroit Refinery. Further, the number of components (valves,
flanges, etc.) associated with the upgraded LPG storage and handling operations will be less than
the number currently in service, resulting in a decrease in volatile organic compound (“VOC”)
and toxic air contaminant (“TAC”) emissions due to LPG storage and handling operations.
This document and attached application form constitute the required Permit to Install application
package covering the LPG Storage and Transfer Project. Information required pursuant to Rule
203, along with analyses demonstrating compliance with all relevant State of Michigan and
federal air quality requirements is presented in this submittal. A description of the overall
project, including an estimate of regulated NSR pollutants is provided in Section 2. Relevant
federal air regulations are described in Section 3, while relevant State of Michigan air
regulations are discussed in Section 4. Compliance with the air impact requirements of
Michigan’s air toxics provisions (Rules 225 through 229) is demonstrated in Section 5. A
Permit to Install application form, signed by the Responsible Official, is submitted in
Attachment A.
Relation to Other Projects
On June 9, 2015, MPC submitted a Permit to Install application covering changes to the Detroit
Refinery necessary to comply with lower sulfur in gasoline requirements mandated under the
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 3 U.S. EPA’s Tier 3 Motor Vehicle Emissions and Fuel Standards (the “Tier 3 Fuels Project”).
Though construction activities associated with the LPG Storage and Transfer and the Tier 3
Fuels Project may overlap, the two projects are completely separate and distinct. The timing of
the two projects is coincidental and not based in any way on the viability of the other project.
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ESTIMATED EMISSIONS
Background
As part of its refining operation, the Detroit Refinery produces light end streams that behave as
gases at standard temperature and pressure. These gases include butane, isobutane, propane,
propylene, butylene, and C3-C4 mixtures. Butane, isobutane, and C3-C4 mixtures are currently
stored in three pressurized spherical vessels with storage capacities of 15,000 barrel, 15,000
barrels and 5,100 barrels, while the remaining gases are stored as liquids under pressure in up to
sixteen bullet tanks located in Area 22 of the Detroit Refinery (refer to Figure 2).
Some of these streams (e.g., butylene, C3-C4 mixtures) are returned to refinery process units for
further processing. Propane is shipped off-site via pipeline or railcar. Propylene is shipped off-
site via railcar. Butane may be shipped off-site via pipeline, railcar, or tanker truck; or may be
blended with gasoline. Railcar operations are currently located adjacent to the LPG Storage
Area.
Physical and Operational Changes Associated with the LPG Storage and Transfer Project
In order to maintain the viability and safety of the Detroit Refinery, MPC proposes to upgrade
the current LPG storage and handling operations. Physical changes include the following:
Replacement of sixteen existing pressurized bullet tanks with eight new 3,000 barrel
capacity pressurized bullet tanks. The new bullet tanks will be located in the same
general area as the existing tanks.
Replacement of an existing six spot railcar load rack with a new ten spot railcar load
rack. The existing railcar load rack is located adjacent to the existing LPG bullet tanks
and spherical tanks. The new railcar load rack will be located in the Melvindale Tank
Farm, part of a rail spur that includes existing asphalt and ethanol railcar loading
operations. Light-end streams may be shipped or received at the new railcar load rack.
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 4 Replacement of existing piping, pumps, and related components (valves, flanges, etc.) in
the LPG Storage Area and the installation of new piping, pumps, and related components
in the new railcar loading area.
Installation of related equipment such as vaporizers, knock-out pots, and propane dryers.
System sketches illustrating the anticipated LPG Storage Area layout and the anticipated
location of the LPG railcar loading operation are provided in Attachment B.
The total LPG storage capacity of the three existing spheres and the eight new bullet tanks
(59,100 barrels) is greater than the capacity of the three existing spheres with the sixteen existing
bullet tanks (43,200 barrels). However, the existing storage capacity is sufficient to meet current
and projected LPG and light end gas stream storage needs on an annual basis. Therefore, the
LPG Storage and Transfer Project will not debottleneck any upstream or downstream operations
at the Detroit Refinery.
Further, the number of pumps and components (valves, flanges, etc.) associated with the
upgraded LPG storage and handling operations will be less than the number currently in service.
As a result, post-project emissions of VOCs and TACs will be lower than what has already been
accounted for in previous permitting of the LPG storage and handling operations. However, no
credit has been taken for the expected reduction in VOC and TAC emissions.
Construction/modification of the aforementioned equipment is expected to commence in the first
quarter of 2016 and is scheduled for completion by the end of 2017.
Estimate of Fugitive Emissions from Leaking Components
Transfer operations from process equipment to storage vessels, from storage vessels to the railcar
load rack, and from the railcar load rack to storage vessels will occur through a closed system
that will remain under pressure whenever the light end streams are being transferred. Therefore,
losses to the atmosphere due to the storage and transfer operations will be limited to fugitive
emissions leaks.
Fugitive emissions associated with pressurized storage and transfer operations are dependent on
the number of components (i.e., valves, flanges, pumps, etc.) rather than the amount of material
transferred. MPC has developed and implemented a comprehensive fugitive emissions leak
detection and repair (“LDAR”) program at the Detroit Refinery. The program uses an electronic
database to store component information and monitoring data. MPC has also developed site-
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 5 specific emission factors using protocols developed by the U.S. EPA2, the American Petroleum
Institute3, and the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality4 to estimate fugitive emissions
due to the various types of leaking components that may operate at the Detroit Refinery. The
U.S. EPA protocol accounts for the emissions reduction associated with the increased control
efficiency of an LDAR Program. Fugitive emission estimates for valves, pumps and flanges are
based on actual monitoring data from 2013 and 2014, and assume that the existing requirement
to monitor 90% of flanges and connectors in gas/vapor and light liquids service will remain in
effect. The equipment-specific emission factors developed following this methodology have
previously been reviewed and approved for use by the AQD.
Potential fugitive VOC emissions due to leaking components associated with the proposed
storage and transfer operations were estimated using the MPC-developed emission factors.
Additional information necessary to estimate fugitive emission leaks includes the number and
type of components, the service category of each component, and the annual hours of operation.
All components associated with the proposed storage and transfer operations will operate in gas
or light liquid service. Further, all related components are expected to remain in service 8,760
hours per year.
MPC projects that approximately 3,660 new components will be installed to support the
upgraded LPG storage and transfer operations. New components, emission factors, and
estimated fugitive VOC emissions for the upgraded LPG storage and transfer operations are
presented in Table 1. As shown in the table, potential VOC emissions due to new components
associated with the upgraded LPG storage and transfer operations are estimated at 5,164 pounds
per year (2.58 tons per year).
3. RELEVANT FEDERAL AIR REGULATIONS
The Detroit Refinery is located at 1300 South Fort Street in the City of Detroit, Wayne County,
Michigan, in an area currently designated attainment with the NAAQS for all regulated NSR
2 Protocol for Equipment Leak Emission Estimates – EPA-453/R-95-017. 3 API Publications 4677 (process drains) and 343 (equipment leaks). 4 Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Air Permit Technical Guidance for Chemical Sources:
Equipment Leak Fugitives, Air Permits Division, TCEQ Air Permits Division draft document, October
2000, pp15-16.
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 6 pollutants except for the 1-hour SO2 Standard. Federal air regulations relevant to the LPG
Storage and Transfer Project are summarized below.
40 CFR Part 60, Subpart GGGa – Standards of Performance for equipment Leaks of VOC in Petroleum Refineries for Which Construction, Reconstruction, or Modification Commenced After November 7, 2006
On November 16, 2007, the U.S. EPA promulgated new standards of performance for equipment
at petroleum refineries that are in VOC service (e.g., valves, flanges, pumps, and connectors).
The LPG tank farm (included in EU22-Tankfarms) was modified in 2012 and is, therefore,
currently subject to Subpart GGGa requirements which have been incorporated into the Detroit
Refinery LDAR program. The existing LPG railcar loading facilities (EU22-LPGRailRack)
were constructed before November, 2007 and have not been reconstructed or modified since
then. Additional components in VOC service will be installed for the LPG Storage and Transfer
Project. These components will be subject to Subpart GGGa requirements, and will be added to
the LDAR program.
Subpart QQQ – Standards of Performance for VOC Emissions from Petroleum Refinery
Wastewater Systems
The standards promulgated under 40 CFR Part 60 Subpart QQQ apply to affected facilities
located in petroleum refineries for which construction, modification, or reconstruction is
commenced after May 4, 1987. Affected facilities include individual drain systems, oil-water
separators, and aggregate facilities (i.e., an individual drain system together with ancillary
downstream sewer lines and oil-water separators, down to and including the secondary oil-water
separator, as applicable). MPC will construct up to six new drains as part of the LPG Storage
and Transfer Project. The new drains will be constructed to comply with the applicable
provisions of Subpart QQQ, including standards for individual drain systems (§60.692-2). The
new drains will be added to the refinery LDAR monitoring program.
National Emission Standards For Hazardous Air Pollutants (“NESHAP”) For Source Categories
The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (“CAA”) required the U.S. EPA to regulate emissions
of 189 listed HAPs. On July 16, 1992, the U.S. EPA published a list of source categories that
emit one or more of these HAPs. For listed categories of "major" sources (those that emit 10
tons annually or more of a listed pollutant or 25 tons annually or more of a combination of
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 7 pollutants), the CAA requires the U.S. EPA to develop standards that include the application of
maximum achievable control technology (“MACT”). The U.S. EPA has promulgated NESHAP
for the source category of petroleum refineries as a major source of HAP emissions.
While the Detroit Refinery is classified as a major source of HAPs and is regulated under a
number of NESHAPs, emissions associated with the LPG Storage and Transfer Project will be
limited to substances that are not regulated HAPs. Therefore, the project is not subject to
regulation under the federal NESHAPs.
4. RELEVANT STATE OF MICHIGAN AIR REGULATIONS
Michigan's Administrative Rules for Air Pollution Control set forth requirements for new or
modified sources of air pollution. Applicable Michigan air quality requirements are summarized
below.
Rule 201 (Permits to Install)
Rule 201 states, "A person shall not install, construct, reconstruct, relocate, alter, or modify any
process or process equipment, including the control equipment pertaining thereto, which may
emit an air contaminant, unless a permit to install which authorizes such action is issued by the
department." The LPG Storage and Transfer Project will have the potential to emit an air
contaminant. Therefore, the project is subject to the Permit to Install requirement. In
accordance with Rule 203 (Information Required), MPC is submitting the enclosed Permit to
Install application form (Attachment A) and supporting documentation for the proposed
changes.
Rules 224 - 232 (Michigan’s Air Toxics Rules)
Rule 224 stipulates that a new or modified source subject to Rule 201 permitting requirements
(i.e. any source permitted after April 17, 1992) and that emits a TAC shall not be allowed to emit
the TAC in excess of “the maximum allowable emission rate based on the application of best
available control technology for toxics (“T-BACT”), except as provided in subrule (2) of this
rule”. Rule 102 defines T-BACT as “the maximum degree of emission reduction which the
commission determines is reasonably achievable for each process that emits toxic air
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 8 contaminants, taking into account energy, environmental, and economic impacts and other
costs.”
However, pursuant to Rule 224(2)(a)(ii), T-BACT does not apply to “an emission unit or units
for which standard have been promulgated under section 112(d) of the clean air act….” or for
“Other toxic air contaminants that are volatile organic compounds, if the standard under section
112(d) of the clean air act…controls similar compounds that are also volatile organic
compounds.”
Petroleum refinery process units, storage tanks and fugitive emissions are regulated under Part
63, Subpart CC – National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants from Petroleum
Refineries. Components associated with the LPG Storage and Transfer Project will be covered
under the Detroit Refinery’s LDAR program, which is a consolidation of requirements under 40
CFR Part 63, Subpart CC and standards promulgated under 40 CFR Part 60, Subparts GGG and
GGGa. The TACs potentially emitted from leaking components associated with the LPG
Storage and Transfer Project are also VOCs. Therefore, T-BACT does not apply to the project.
Rule 225(1) stipulates that a new or modified source shall not be allowed to emit any TAC in
excess of "the maximum allowable emission rate which results in a predicted maximum ambient
impact that is more than the initial threshold screening level or the initial risk screening level,
or, both...”.
New equipment associated with the LPG Storage and Transfer Project has the potential to emit
LPG, propane, butane, isobutane, propylene, isobutylene, and amylene. Pursuant to Rule 120(f),
two of these constituents, LPG and propane, are not regulated as TACs. Ambient air quality
dispersion modeling analyses have been conducted to demonstrate that potential fugitive TAC
emissions due to new leaking components associated with the storage and transfer operations
will not cause an exceedance of any applicable health-based screening level. The methodology,
databases, and results of the air quality impact analysis are summarized in Section 5.
Rule 702 (New Sources of VOCs)
Rule 702 states that the owner or operator of a new source of VOC emissions shall not allow the
emission of VOC from the new source in excess of the lowest maximum allowable emission rate
of the following:
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 9
Rule 702(a) – An emission rate as listed by the commission or based upon the application
of the best available control technology.
Rule 702(b) – An emission rate as specified by a new source performance standard.
Rule 702(c) – An emission rate specified as a condition of a permit to install or a permit
to operate.
Rule 702(d) – An emission rate specified in Part 6 of the Rules.
The new components in VOC service (valves, flanges, etc.) that will be associated with the LPG
Storage and Transfer Project are regulated under a new source performance standard (Subpart
GGGa). In compliance with Subpart GGGa, the new components will be added to the Detroit
Refinery’s comprehensive LDAR program. Therefore, the project satisfies Rule 702(b).
Rule 706 (Loading Delivery Vessels)
Pursuant to Rule 706(1), “It is unlawful for a person to load, or allow the loading of, any
organic compound that has a true vapor pressure of more than 1.5 psia at actual conditions
from any stationary vessel into any delivery vessel located at a new loading facility that has a
throughput of 5,000,000 or more gallons of such compounds per year, unless such delivery
vessel is filled by a submerged pipe.” Rule 706(2) states, “It is unlawful for a person to load, or
allow the loading of, any organic compound that has a true vapor pressure of more than 1.5 psia
at actual conditions from any stationary vessel into any delivery vessel located at a new loading
facility that has a throughput of 5,000,000 or more gallons of such compounds per year, unless
such delivery vessel is controlled by a vapor recovery system that captures all displaced organic
vapor and air by means of a vapor-tight collection line and recovers the organic vapor such that
emissions to the atmosphere do not exceed 0.7 pounds of organic vapor per 1,000 gallons of
organic compounds loaded.”
A “delivery vessel” is defined under Rule 104(b) as “any tank truck, tank equipped trailer,
railroad tank car, or any similar vessel equipped with a storage tank used for the transport of a
volatile organic compound from sources of supply to any stationary vessel.” While the railcars
associated with the LPG loading operation qualify as delivery vessels under Rule 104(b), it is
important to note that the loading operation is conducted with pressurized railcars. In contrast to
the loading of liquid fuels (e.g., gasoline, diesel), the railcars are loaded without displacing LPG
vapors. Therefore, it is neither necessary to load the railcars via submerged pipe nor to operate a
vapor recovery system with a vapor-tight collection line in order to keep organic vapor emissions
from exceeding 0.7 pounds per 1,000 gallons of organic compounds loaded. Further, due to the
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 10 method of pressurized vessel loading, is not necessary to operate the LPG railcar loading
operation with two of the five measures specified in Rule 706(3):
(a) Interlocking system or procedure is not necessary since there is no vapor-tight collection
line.
(b) Device to ensure that the vapor-tight collection line will close upon disconnection is not
necessary since there is no vapor-tight collection line.
(c) A device or procedure to accomplish complete drainage before the loading device is
disconnected, or a device or procedure to prevent liquid drainage from the loading device
when not in use will be provided.
(d) Vapor-tight pressure relief devices will be provided.
(e) Hatch openings will be closed and vapor-tight during loading.
In accordance with Rule 706(4), written procedures for operation of these control measures will
be developed and posted in an accessible location near the loading device.
Rules 1801 – 1818 (Prevention of Significant Deterioration)
Pursuant to Rule 1801(cc)(i)(K), the Detroit Refinery is currently classified as an existing major
stationary source under the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (“PSD”) regulations.
Described in Section 2 of this submittal, the project has the potential to emit 2.58 tons/year of
VOCs from new components that will be installed in support of the Project. This is well under
the PSD significant emission rate threshold of 40 tons per year. Therefore, the LPG Storage and
Transfer Project is classified as a minor modification to an existing major source.
5. COMPLIANCE WITH THE AIR TOXICS SCREENING LEVEL REQUIREMENT
Rule 225 requires a demonstration that potential TAC emissions due to a new or modified source
subject to the PTI requirement will not result in an ambient impact above an applicable health-
based screening level. Ambient air quality dispersion modeling analyses have been conducted in
support of the Rule 225 requirement and demonstrate that the new components associated with
the LPG Storage and Transfer Project will not threaten the applicable health-based screening
levels.
The modeling analyses described in this section were conducted utilizing databases and following a
methodology consistent with previous AQD-approved Rule 225 demonstrations for the Detroit
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 11 Refinery. The following sections summarize the dispersion modeling methodology, the dispersion
model employed in the analysis, site area characteristics, modeling databases developed in support
of the analysis, and the results of the air quality impact analysis. Dispersion modeling input and
output files are submitted in electronic format (CD-ROM) in Attachment C.
Modeling Methodology
Rule 225(1) requires new or modified sources of TAC emissions to demonstrate that the ambient
impact of each emitted TAC is less than its corresponding initial threshold screening level
(“ITSL”), initial risk screening level (“IRSL”), or both if applicable. The LPG storage and
handling operations have the potential to emit the following five TACs: propylene, butane,
isobutane, isobutylene, and amylene. Screening levels for TACs associated with the LPG
storage and handling operations are summarized in Table 2.
Potential VOC emissions from new components associated with the LPG Storage and Transfer
Project have been estimated at 2.58 tons per year (refer to Table 1). The composition of the
VOCs being stored or handled at any given time will vary. To ensure protection of the
applicable screening levels, model simulations were conducted conservatively assuming that
100% of the annual VOC emission rate would be comprised of each individual TAC. This is a
situation that will never occur, especially considering that two of the constituents potentially
emitted are not regulated as TACs (e.g., LPG and propane).
The LPG storage operation is located within the refinery property boundary, while the LPG
railcar loading operation is located in the Melvindale Tank Farm. Because the two operations
are separated by a distance of approximately one-half mile, TAC impacts from the two
operations are not expected to meaningfully overlap. Therefore, using the component location
information provided in Table 1, potential TAC emissions were subsequently split between the
LPG storage area and the LPG railcar load rack. Potential TAC emission rates and release
parameters for the modeled sources are summarized in Table 2.
Dispersion Model
Model simulations of the new LPG storage and handling operations were conducted using the
AMS/EPA Regulatory Dispersion Model (“AERMOD”, Release No. 14134). AERMOD is
currently recommended and approved for use in industrial source modeling applications by the U.S.
EPA and the AQD. AERMOD is designed to simulate conditions associated with this air quality
impact analysis, including:
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 12 Urban dispersion conditions;
Both windy and calm conditions;
Simulation of low-level fugitive sources;
Concentration estimates over flat and simple terrain; and
Concentration estimates for short-term and annual averaging periods.
Consistent with U.S. EPA and AQD guidance, AERMOD simulations were conducted in the
Regulatory Default mode.
Land Use
Atmospheric conditions affecting the downwind dispersion of air contaminants may be
influenced by localized land use. The developers of AERMOD have designed the model to
simulate emissions sources located in both rural and urban environments. To assess whether the
modeling domain is located in a rural or urban environment, the U.S. EPA’s Guideline on Air
Quality Models (2006) suggests using a land use typing scheme developed by Auer5.
Utilizing satellite imagery, land use within a three kilometer radius of the Detroit Refinery has
been assessed in accordance with the Auer procedure and can be classified as urban. Consistent
with recent AQD-approved modeling analyses of the Detroit Refinery, AERMOD simulations
were conducted in the urban mode at a population of 1,208,574 (URBANOPT 1208574).
Modeling Databases
Databases required as input to AERMOD include receptor points and associated terrain
elevations, meteorological data, and emission inventory data. A discussion of the databases
utilized in the ambient air quality impact assessment is provided below.
Meteorological Data
The AQD generally requires the use of the most spatially and temporally representative one-year
meteorological database when conducting dispersion model simulations of TACs in support of a
PTI application. Because the Detroit Refinery is located in an urban setting, the AQD
recommends the use of surface observations measured at the Detroit City Airport (“Detroit
5 Correlation of Land Use and Cover with Meteorological Anomalies, Journal of Applied Meteorology,
1978.
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 13 City”, Station No. 14822), combined with coincident upper air observations measured at the
National Weather Service station located in White Lake, Michigan (Station No. 72632).
In accordance with AQD guidance, one year (2014) of the Detroit City Airport/White Lake
meteorological database, preprocessed by the AQD, was employed in the Rule 225 compliance
demonstration.
Receptor Points
AERMOD-predicted concentrations may be estimated at discrete receptor locations. Utilizing
aerial imagery in NAD 83 format, a discrete receptor grid was designed to identify maximum
predicted TAC impacts due to the proposed LPG storage and handling operations. The
following methodology was utilized to design a receptor grid that covers the new and existing
fenceline:
Receptors were located along the Detroit Refinery property boundaries at distances not
exceeding 10 meters; and
25 meter spacing out to a distance of approximately one kilometer from the Detroit
Refinery interior.
Illustrated in Figure 3, the grid used in the air quality impact analysis consists of 6,210 discrete
receptor points.
Topography
Elevated terrain features may affect the transport of atmospheric contaminants as well as serve as
areas of potentially higher pollutant impacts. Where appropriate, terrain features should be included
in the modeling analysis. Terrain elevations at emission locations and modeled receptor points were
assessed using the U.S. EPA’s AERMOD Terrain Preprocessor (“AERMAP”, Release No. 11103)
in conjunction with U.S.G.S. digital elevation model terrain files in NAD 83 format. Terrain data
estimated by AERMAP were subsequently input to AERMOD to account for potential fluctuations
in elevation.
Source Inputs
Potential TAC emissions will vent to atmosphere as fugitive leaks from components associated with
the LPG storage and handling operations. Consistent with previous AQD-approved modeling
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 14 demonstrations at the Detroit Refinery, fugitive component leaks from these types of emission units
are modeled as low-level area sources. As a conservative measure, leaking components associated
with the LPG storage and transfer operations, including components associated with the propane
dryers, were modeled as if they will all be located along piping linking each of the two banks of new
bullet tanks. The location of the two banks of new bullet tanks is shown in Figure 4.
Leaking components associated with the railcar loading operation were modeled as if they will all
be located along the spine of the pipe rack that connects the load bays. Because the U.S. EPA
recommends that AERMOD simulations of area sources not exceed a length to width ratio
greater than 10:1, the railcar load rack was divided into four equal areas. The location of the
railcar loading operation is shown in Figure 5.
As previously described, potential TAC emissions were split between the LPG storage area and the
LPG railcar load rack. Potential TAC emission rates and area source release parameters for the two
areas are summarized in Table 2.
Predicted Impacts
Utilizing AERMOD over a one-year meteorological database (2014 Detroit City Airport/White
Lake) and following the methodology described above, model simulations of the two areas (LPG
storage area and LPG railcar load rack) were each conducted at a one gram per second unit
emission rate. The model simulations were conducted by evenly dividing the unit emission rate
by the number of area sources located in each area – two area sources in the LPG storage area
and four area sources in the LPG railcar load rack. Consistent with the applicable screening levels,
concentrations for each area were predicted over 8-hour, 24-hour, and annual averaging periods.
Considering the applicable averaging period, maximum predicted concentrations for each area
were then multiplied by the potential TAC-specific emission rate assigned to that area to obtain
maximum predicted TAC-specific impacts.
Maximum TAC-specific impacts for each of the two areas associated with the LPG storage and
handling operations are compared to the applicable screening levels in Table 2. As shown in the
table, the dispersion modeling analyses demonstrate that potential TAC emissions from new
components associated with the LPG storage and handling operations will result in ambient impacts
lower than applicable screening levels. Therefore, the LPG Storage and Transfer Project is in
compliance with the applicable air quality impact requirement of Rule 225.
Air Quality Division – Permits Section June 17, 2015 Page 15
6. CONCLUDING REMARKS
MPC proposes to upgrade its LPG storage and handling operations to assure the long term
operation of the Detroit Refinery in conformance with Industry and MPC engineering design and
safety standards. The information provided in this submittal, including an application form
signed by the Responsible Official, constitutes the Permit to Install application covering the LPG
Storage and Transfer Project.
The project will not result in an increase in daily or annual refining capacity at the Detroit
Refinery. Moreover, the emissions changes associated with the project will not trigger PSD, nor
will it result in an exceedance of a health-based screening level under Michigan’s air toxics
provisions. The project has been designed to comply with all applicable state and federal air
quality regulations.
If you have any questions regarding this submittal or require any additional supporting
information, please do not hesitate to contact me at (616) 554-3210 or Jeff Bruestle of MPC at
(313) 297-6068.
Sincerely, HORIZON ENVIRONMENTAL CORPORATION
Brian E. Leahy Senior Meteorologist c: Jeffery L. Bruestle, P.E., MPC Attachments
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P l e a s a n t
P l e a s a n t
F o r tF o r t
M e l v i n d a l eM e l v i n d a l e
D e t r o i tD e t r o i t
D e a r b o r nD e a r b o r n
R i v e r R o u g eR i v e r R o u g e
¹")
WAYNE
Figure 1Site Map-Marathon Petroleum Company LP
0 0.25 0.5 0.75 10.125Miles
Detroit Refinery
Detroit Terminal
Melvindale Tank Farm
Rouge Asphalt Terminal
Figure 2Current Location of LPG Storage and Railcar LoadingMarathon Petroleum Company LP - Detroit Refinery
June 2015V:\GIS\Marathon\MOC_0261\Layouts\LPG_Project\Figure_2_LPG_Loading_Storage_Areas_For_JPG.mxd
Current LPGRailcar Loading
Current LPGStorage Area
¹ 0 50 100 15025 Meters
Figure 3Receptor Grid
Marathon Petroleum Company LP - Detroit Refinery
May 2015V:\GIS\Marathon\MOC_0265\Layouts\ReceptorGrid.mxd
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¹ 0 250 500 750125 Meters
Figure 4Location of New LPG Storage Operations
Marathon Petroleum Company LP - Detroit Refinery
June 2015V:\GIS\Marathon\MOC_0266\Layouts\Marathon_New_LPG_Operations.mxd
ModeledArea
Source
¹0 30 60 9015 Meters
LegendNew PipingNew Bullet TanksTanks to be Removed
Figure 5Location of New LPG Railcar Loading Operation
Marathon Petroleum Company LP - Detroit Refinery
June 2015V:\GIS\Marathon\MOC_0266\Layouts\Marathon_NewRailcarLPG_Loading.mxd
LPGRailcar
Loading
PentaneRailcar
Loading
AsphaltRailcar
Loading
¹ 0 80 160 24040 Meters
TABLES
Emission Factor List
LL/G valves 6.400E-05 Facility Average (based on 2013 & 2014 SV data) 8,760
HL valves 1.800E-04 Ave Emsn Factor (API Pub343) 8,760
LL Pumps 1.165E-03 Facility Average (based on 2013 & 2014 SV data) 8,760
HL Pumps 1.050E-03 Facility Specific Factor 8,760
Compressors 2.103E-01 Ave Emsn Factor w/ 85% control (EPA Protocol Doc) 8,760
LL/G flanges 5.510E-04 Ave Emsn Factor (EPA Protocol Doc) 8,760 10.00% percentage of unmonitored flanges
LL/G flanges - monitored 1.653E-05 Ave Emsn Factor (EPA Protocol Doc and TCEQ Doc3) 8,760 90.00% percentage of monitored flanges
LL/G flanges - monitored 2.985E-05 Facility Average (based on 2013 & 2014 SV data) 8,760
HL flanges 8.160E-05 Ave Emsn Factor (API Pub 343) 8,760
PRVs 3.530E-01 Ave Emsn Factor (EPA Protocol Doc) 8,760
PRVs - monitored 6.310E-03 Facility Average (based on 2013 & 2014 SV data) 8,760Drains (continuous) 5.174E-03 Facility Specific Factor 8,760
LPG Tank Farm and Railcar Loading - Component Count SummaryStream Name VOC wt%
LL/G Valves HL Valves LL Pumps HL Pumps
Com- pressors
LL/G Flanges HL Flanges PRVs Drains Totals
New for LPG Tank Farm all 100 640 0 7 0 0 1,921 0 8 4 2,581New for Railcar Loading all 100 236 0 7 0 0 709 0 0 0 953New for Propane Dryers all 100 31 0 0 0 1 94 0 0 2 128
New Components Total all 100 908 0 14 0 1 2,724 0 8 6 3,661
LPG Tank Farm and Railcar Loading - Estimated Fugitive VOC Emissions (in pounds unless otherwise noted)
Stream Name VOC wt%
LL/G Valves HL Valves LL Pumps HL Pumps
Com- pressors
LL/G Flanges HL Flanges PRVs Drains Total (lb/yr)
Total (tons/yr)
New for LPG Tank Farm all 100 359 0 71 0 0 1,380 0 442 181 2,434 1.22New for Railcar Loading all 100 133 0 71 0 0 509 0 0 0 713 0.36New for Propane Dryers all 100 17 0 0 0 1,842 67 0 0 91 2,018 1.01
New Components Total all 100 509 0 143 0 1,842 1,956 0 442 272 0 5,164 2.58
Total (lb/yr)Total
(tons/yr) Total (lb/yr)Total
(tons/yr) Total (lb/yr)Total
(tons/yr) Total (lb/yr)Total
(tons/yr)
New Components Total 4,892 2.45 New Components Total 0 0.00 New Components Total 272 0.14 New Components Total 5,164 2.58
Notes:(1) "Facility Average" emission factors are based on the emission rates and component counts from the GuideWare database for the years 2013 & 2014.
(2) "Facility Specific Factor" emission factors are from a study "Fugitive VOC Emission Calculations" conducted by NTH Consultants, Ltd. (Sept 2002).
(3) EPA Protocol Document - Protocol for Equipment Leak Emision Estimates Nov. 1995 (EPA-453/R-93-026)
(4) TCEQ Document - Equipment Leak Fugitives Oct. 2000
LL/G EMISSIONS HL EMISSIONS DRAIN EMISSIONS
TABLE 1LPG TANK FARM AND RAILCAR LOADING - COMPONENT COUNT AND VOC EMISSIONS
Marathon Petroleum Company LP, Detroit Refinery
EquipmentFactor
(lb/hr-comp) Factor Basis (Reference) Hours
PTI Support Tables 06‐17‐15
Emission Release X Y Component EmissionFugitive Rate Height Dimension Dimension Orientation Sigma Z Area Rate
Component Easting Northing (g/s) (m) (m) (m) (deg) (m) (m2) (g/s/m2)
LPG Storage Area 1 322196.4 4683045.6 0.50 4.27 20.0 3.0 32 0.142 60.0 8.33E-03LPG Storage Area 2 322207.5 4683077.0 0.50 4.27 20.0 3.0 32 0.142 60.0 8.33E-03
LPG Railcar Loading Area 1 321453.3 4682722.6 0.25 4.57 20.0 2.0 -70 0.142 40.0 6.25E-03LPG Railcar Loading Area 2 321437.5 4682710.1 0.25 4.57 20.0 2.0 -70 0.142 40.0 6.25E-03LPG Railcar Loading Area 3 321421.6 4682698.5 0.25 4.57 20.0 2.0 -70 0.142 40.0 6.25E-03LPG Railcar Loading Area 4 321405.7 4682686.3 0.25 4.57 20.0 2.0 -70 0.142 40.0 6.25E-03
Averaging Period
LPG Storage Area
LPG Railcar Loading Area
8-hour 586.1 2,782.224-hour 242.0 1,001.8annual 29.8 180.3
Emission Rate
Maximum Modeled Impact
Emission Rate
Maximum Modeled Impact
(g/s) (ug/m3) (g/s) (ug/m3) (ug/m3)
Propylene 115-07-1 0.064 15.5 0.010 10.3 1,500 24-Hour ITSLButane 106-97-8 0.064 37.5 0.010 28.5 23,800 8-Hour ITSL
Isobutane 75-28-5 0.064 37.5 0.010 28.5 23,800 8-Hour ITSLIsobutylene 115-11-7 0.064 1.9 0.010 1.8 21 Annual ITSL
Amylene 513-35-9 0.064 1.9 0.010 1.8 106 Annual ITSL
Notes:1. Model simulations of the LPG Storage Area conducted conservatively assuming that 100% of the emissions will occur in the row of storage vessels located nearest the fenceline.2. Model simulations of the LPG Railcar Area conducted conservatively assuming that 100% of the emissions will occur in the load bay located nearest the fenceline.3. TAC-specific emission rates conservatively based on the assumption that the potential VOC emission rate is composed entirely of that TAC.
TAC CAS Number
AERMOD Concentrations, ug/m3 (based on a 1 g/s emission rate)
TABLE 2LPG STORAGE AND LOAD RACK EMISSION SOURCES AND EXHAUST PARAMETERS
Marathon Petroleum Company LP, Detroit Refinery
Southwest CoordinateUTM
Screening Level
Avg. Time ITSL / IRSL
LPG Storage Area LPG Railcar Loading Area
PTI Support Tables 06‐17‐15
ATTACHMENTS
ATTACHMENT A
PERMIT TO INSTALL APPLICATION FORM
ATTACHMENT B
LPG STORAGE AND RAILCAR LOADING SYSTEM SKETCHES
ATTACHMENT C
DISPERSION MODELING INPUT/OUTPUT FILES ON CD-ROM
(INCLUDED IN ORIGINAL ONLY)