TRAINING REPORT ON

PANCHET HYDEL POWER

STATION (D.V.C)

SOURAJIT BISWAS

EE, B.TECH 2nd YEAR,

GARGI MEMORIAL INSTITUTE OF

TECNOLOGY

TRAINING ON PHPS, DHANBAD

(DAMODAR VALLEY CORPORATION)

FROM-06/01/2014 TO 18/01/2014

January 1, 2014

Table of Contents

Acknowledgement .................................................. 1

Objective ............................................................ 2

Abstract ............................................................. 3

Disscussion .................................................... 6

Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………6

Power generation……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….7

Power transmission……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………9

Precaution…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………11

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PHPS

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF POWER TRANSFER

PHOTO DOCUMENTARY

Conclusion ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.2

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ACKNOWLEGMENT

I, Sourajit Biswas student of Gargi Memorial Institute of

Technology prepared a project report on the training that I

conducted under the supervision of the Deputy Chief

Engineer (M), DVC Panchet, Shri.S.K.Gupta. It was quite

an interesting topic to work on Hydro Electricity

Production and to investigate. We were guided by the

Assistant Engineer DVC Panchet. We are really thankful to

you and your coordinates for guiding and providing us with

important data and pictures. Last but not the least I want to

thank the almighty and my parents who provided me with

enough courage and support. I also want to thank my

fellow friends who also proved to be a helping hand upon

completion of this project.

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OBJECTIVE

Upon working on this Company like DVC it was

quite impressive and helpful for me, which not only

helped me to boost my practical knowledge but also

helped me to face on how to work in an Industry and

operate the machines. I also found out while working

in DVC that the machines that were being used was

Class A type machines, and it was indeed a First

Class Industry. My training in DVC Panchet helped

me in acquiring a vast knowledge on how to work in

a Power Station.

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ABSTRACT:-

As a result of the catastrophic flood of 1943, the Governor

of Bengal appointed the Damodar Flood enquiry committee

to suggest remedial measures. It suggested creating an

authority similar to that of the Tennessee Valley

Authority in the United States. W.L.Voorduin, senior

engineer of TVA prepared a preliminary report that

outlined a plan designed to achieve flood control, irrigation,

power generation and navigation.

As a result, Damodar Valley Corporation came into

existence in 1948 for development and management of the

basin as a whole. While Voorduin envisaged the

construction of eight dams and a barrage, it was later

decided to have only four dams

at Tilaiya, Konar, Maithon and Panchet, and Durgapur

Barrage.

The first dam was built across the Barakar River at Tilaiya

and inaugurated in 1953. Two years later, in 1955, the

second dam across the Konar Riverwas inaugurated. The

third dam across the Barakar at Maithon was inaugurated in

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1957, and the fourth dam across the Damodar at Panchet

was inaugurated in 1959.

The Damodar forms the border between Dhanbad district of

Jharkhand and Purulia district of West Bengal, before

meeting the Barakar at Dishergarh and flowing fully

through West Bengal. Panchet Dam has been constructed a

little above its confluence with the Barakar. While

Dhanbad district is on the northern bank of Panchet

reservoir, Purulia district is on the southern bank. Panchet

Hill rises above Panchet Dam.

The Panchet Dam is an earthen dam with concrete spillway.

The reservoir taps a catchment area of 10,961 square

kilometers (4,232 sq. mi). The average annual basin

precipitation is 114 centimeters (45 in) and average annual

run off is 4540 million m3. At the dam site the maximum

observed flood (June 1949) was 8558 m³/s. For the project

the spillway design flood that was adopted was 17853 m³/s.

Two units of 40 MW have been installed for power

generation.

The four DVC dams are capable of moderating floods of

651,000 cu ft. /s (18,400 m3/s) to 250,000 cu ft./s

(7,100 m3/s).

The Panchet Dam has a storage capacity of 170.37 million

m3 to dead storage and 1497.54 m3 to top of gates. The

reservoir covers an area of 27.92 km2 at dead storage level,

121.81 km2 at maximum conservation pool and

153.38 km2 at top of gates.

Salient features of Panchet Reservoir:

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Elevation (m) Storage (million m3)

Minimum draw down level 119.50 170.26

Spillway crest 123.47 312.15

Maximum conservation pool 125.00 392.36

Maximum flood control pool 132.62 1058.62

Full and maximum pool 135.67 1475.65

Top of dam 139.33

PHPS- The Panchet hydel power plant have two three

phase induction motor generator. It is built up in

conformity with design. The rotor is designed as an

umbrella type rotor. Thrust bearing and radial bearing are

arranged as combined thrust and guide bearing in the

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bearing bracket below the rotor.

DISCUSSION:-

INTRODUCTION:-

Hydroelectricity is the term referring to generated by

hydropower, the production of electrical power the use of

the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the

most widely used from of renewable energy. Once a

hydroelectric complex is constructed, the project produces

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no direct waste, and has a considerably lower output level

of the greenhouse gas Carbon Di-Oxide (co2) than fossil

fuel powered energy plants. Worldwide, an installed

capacity of 777 GVe supplied 2998 TWh of

hydroelectricity in 2006. This was approximately 20% of

the World’s electricity, and accounted 88% of electricity

from renewable sources

Hydroelectricity is electricity that made by the movement

of water. It is usually made with dams that block a river or

collect water that is pumped there. When the water start

flow the huge pressure generates behind the dam forces the

water down shafts that lead to turbine, this causes the

turbine to turn, and electricity produced.

IN a HYDEL POWER STATION there are two steps to

produce the Electricity-

1) POWER GENERATION

ENERGY CONVERTION:Here the potential energy of

water is converted to kineticenergy (by opening of lock

gate) & the kinetic energy converted to electrical energy

(by help of alternator).

ELEMENT:

NAME WORK or OPERATION 1. Intake gate Controlling the water flow.

2. Lock gate Control the flow rate of water from reservoir.

3. Pen stoke Water flowing through it.

4. Impulse turbine Rotating the alternator shaft.

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5. Axial bearing & Radial bearing Coupling the turbine ,alternator shaft, provide protection from

vibration &swaying sideways

6. Alternator Converting the mechanical power to electrical power.

7. Oil pressure tank Supplying compressed oil for opening & closing wicket gate & angle

setting of runner blade.

8. Compressor Compressed the air in high (800PSI) pressure.

9. Governor oil pump Supply the oil to the oil tank.

10. Servo motor Controlling the angle of the runner blade & wicket gate.

11. Wicket gate Supply the water from pen stoke to runner blade.

12. Brush & slip ring Supply dc to alternator field winding

13. Air tank Store the compressed air.

14. Cooling Equipment Cooling the equipment.

15. Mechanical Break To stop the alternator rotation.

16. Battery Using for power back up.

17. Pressure Sensor To sense the pressure.

18. Temperature Sensor To sense the temperature.

19. E.O.T Crane To transfer the heavy equipment.

20. Wire For electrical connection.

OPERATION:

At first the oil from the oil tank supply to the oil pressure

tank by help of G.O.P & the compressed air is also supply

to it for getting required pressurized oil.

Then oil is supplied to the servo motor for opening the

wicket gate & angle setting of the runner blade.

Then water flow through wicket gate & fall in the runner

blade of impulse turbine which for the turbine shaft start to

rotate.

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Due to axial & radial bearing armature shaft start to rotate.

Now DC supply connected to the alternator field winding

by brush & slip ring for excitation the field which for

rotating magnetic flux will be created.

Now the armature winding cut the magnetic flux and

generating the emf in stator windingbecause E=d𝜙/dt

(𝟇=Flux,E=emf) for that we get 11 kv 3 phase AC supply.

2)POWER TRANSMISSION

INTRODUCTION: Here the generating power is

transmitted for domestic, industrial & own axillaries’

purpose.

EQUIPMENT:

NAME TYPE OPERATION

Transformer 11kv/415v,11kv/132kv,132kv/33kv,33kv/11kv Step up & Step down

the voltage.

Insulator Strain type, Transformer Bearing, Insulated the support

and transformer body

from high volt. line

Circuit breaker SF6 C.B, OIL C.B, Vacuum C.B, MOCB. Breaking the circuit at

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on condition to protect

the equipment from

fault current.

Isolator ------------------------------------------------------

-

Isolate the circuit at off

condition due to

maintenance.

Current transformer Protection Type, Measurement Type To measure the current

of BUS.

BUS PT 33KV,132KV, To measure the

potential of BUS.

Web trap Low pass filter Block the high

communication

frequency for decrease

the noise of high volt

line.

BUS Main BUS, Transfer Bus To carry the current

Lighting arrester ------------------------------------------------------ To protect the

equipment from

lighting.

Indicator Silica Gel, communicated indication Transformer oil

moister indicate.

Communication BUS ------------------------------------------------------

-

Transfer

communication signal.

OPERATION:

At first the generating 11kv transfer to

1. 132kv by a step up transformer: After step up the

voltage supply go through the main bus then from

main bus supply through two isolators and a circuit

breaker combination of parallel paths and connected to

the transfer bus. Where isolator and circuit breaker

protect the line. From the transfer bus supply to

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i) Maithon&Kumardubi for industrial

purpose.

ii) Step down transformer for

generating 11kv due to own

axillaries’ and domestics purpose.in

case of domestics purpose the 11kv

is converted to 415 volt and

supplied.in case of own axillaries’

the 11kv is used for AC supply in

machine and after converting 415

volt charge the DC battery for DC

supply due to power back up.

2.415v by a step down transformer: This 415 volt used

for own industrial purpose.

PRECAUTION

Introduction: In order to ensure the proper running and working

of the PowerStation we need to take certain steps that will be

beneficial for us to run the PowerStation.

Type of precaution: there are many type of precaution some are

given below

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1. Fire precaution’s: Halon and carbon dioxide system for GT

units.

ii) Foam, Hydrant point (17no.s) for plant.

iii) In every equipment a RTD is

connected to sense the temperature and for

protection we used alarm and trip configuration.

2. Power Continuity Precaution: In case of power failure

continuity the power supply we used

i) Diesel generator & Battery.

ii) Inter connected grid.

3. High head precaution: In case of high water level a mercury

sensor system is attached to sense the water pressure and

according to the situation an alarm has been raised.

4. Lightning Precaution: Lighting arrester is used for save the

equipment from lightning.

5. Plant worker precaution: For plant worker safety we used

Helmet, High insulation Shoes, etc.

CONCLUSION

Advantages of Hydroelectricity:

1) The way the electricity is produced doesn’t harm the

environment as much as fossil fuel like oil or coal.

2) Hydroelectricity is immense and safe and produces no

waste and it causes no pollution.

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3) Hydroelectricity can be made very quickly and it is

useful for times when demand is high.

4) Water that has been stored in a dam can be “let go”

when needed, so the energy needed can be made

quickly.

Dis-advantages of Hydroelectricity:

1) The building of large dams to hold the water can

damage the environment.

2) The huge place occupied by the dam causes land loss.

3) In the outlet of Hydel power station a huge amount of

oil mixed in the dam water causes water pollution.

For these reasons,

Scientists are concerned about many problems with the

dam, such as pollution, silt and the danger of the dam wall

breaking to make this Hydel industry more scientific and

customer friendly.