Rayat Shikshan Sanstha’s

Veer Wajekar Arts, Science and Commerce College, Phunde Tal. Uran, Dist. Raigad, Navi Mumbai

Conducted by

Assessed by

Dr. Prabhakar R. Pawar, M.Sc., Ph.D.

Dr. Bhagwan V. Jadhav, M.Sc., Ph.D.

Dr. L. R. Rathod, M.Sc., Ph.D.

INDEX

Sr. No. Name of Topic Page No.

01 Executive Summary 01

02 Introduction 03

03 Acknowledgements 05

04 About VWASC College, Phunde 06

05 Aim and Objectives 06

06 Components of Survey

1. Water Use

2. Energy Usage and Conservation 3. Solid and Liquid Waste Generation 4. E-Waste Generation

07

07 Flora Of VWASC College, Phunde 11

08 Faunal Diversity Of The College Campus 14

09 Biodiversity Audit Analysis 22

11 Recommendations 27

12 Committee observation sheet 28

Tables in the Text

Sr. No. Name of Table Page No.

01 List of Plant Species 12

02 Name of Butterflies and insects observed in the campus 15

03 Bird diversity of VWASC Phunde campus 19

04 Area of Campus Building 23

1

Executive Summary

Rayat Shikshan Sanstha‟s Veer Wajekar Arts, Science & Commerce College,

Phunde, is deeply concerned and unconditionally believes that there is an urgent

need to address these fundamental problems and reverse the trends. The rapid

urbanization and economic development at local, regional and global level has led

to several environmental and ecological crises. It becomes essential to adopt the

system of the Green Campus for the institute which will lead for sustainable

development. Being a premier institution of higher learning, the college has

initiated „The Green Campus‟ program four years back that actively promote the

various projects for the environment protection and sustainability.

The purpose of the audit was to ensure that the practices followed in the

campus are in accordance with the Green Policy adopted by the institution. The

methodology includes physical inspection of the campus, observation and review

of the documentation, interviewing key persons and data analysis, and

recommendations. It works on the several facets of „Green Campus‟ including

Water Conservation, Tree Plantation, Waste Management, Paperless Work,

Alternative Energy and Mapping of Biodiversity. With this in mind, the specific

objectives of the audit are to evaluate the adequacy of the management control

framework of environment sustainability as well as the degree to which the

Departments are in compliance with the applicable regulations, policies and

standards. It can make a good impact on student health and learning college

operational costs and the environment. The criteria, methods and

recommendations used in the audit were based on the identified risks.

The campus of Veer Wajekar Arts, Science & Commerce College, Phunde

have been surveyed during the period of June 2018 to November 2018 to carry

„Biodiversity/Green Audit‟. During the visit we carried out detailed survey of the

2

current status of plants, animals (including insects, butterflies, reptiles, birds,

etc) from college campus to understand floral and faunal diversity. The college

has made good attempt to keep area under green cover, various environment

friendly activities like poster presentations by students on environmental issues,

National level conference, and plantation of saplings regularly carried out by the

institution, etc.

The auditing work also undertaken through checking documents,

photographs, news coverage, various efforts for biodiversity protection and

conservation. On the basis of careful and extensive observations, entire campus

area has been assessed and presented in form of report. The report with phase

wise data and contribution towards environmental conservation will contribute

towards the development of strategies of academic institutions for the

conservation and enhancement of Biodiversity through audit of their respective

campus.

3

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We are grateful to the members of College Development Committee and

Principal of “Veer Wajekar Arts, Science & Commerce College, Phunde”,

Dr. Gorakh T. Sangale to conduct „Green/Biodiversity Audit‟ of the college

campus.

We express our deep gratitude towards NAAC & IQAC coordinators, Dr. R. J.

Solomon & Dr. Rahul B. Patil; all heads of the departments, committee

conveners, and office staff for cooperation and valuable support for this activity.

Our sincere thanks to teaching and nonteaching staff members, students for

their valuable help rendered during assessment of „Green/Biodiversity Audit‟

work.

4

INTRODUCTION

India is a mega-diverse nation, housing around 10% of world's species.

India also has a rich cultural heritage going back thousands of years. Much of

Indian biodiversity is intricately related to the socio-cultural practices of the land.

Unfortunately, due to population explosion, climate change and lax

implementation of environmental policies, several species are facing the threat of

extinction. Not only does this affect the food chain, but also the livelihood and the

culture of millions of Indians who depend on local biodiversity.

It is vital that the common man is made aware of the domino effect of

species loss and what we stand to lose. Project Brahma aims to create such

awareness, by increasing participation of the people in biodiversity

documentation and conservation. In addition, there are several organizations

carrying out notable conservation work in India. Our aim is also to create a

central resource where such organizations can access all kinds of knowledge

about Indian biodiversity. We imagine that the Biodiversity of India website will

significantly enhance environmental conservation efforts in India.

Over the past 300 years, many species of organisms, including mammals,

birds, butterflies and plants, have been lost due to many anthropogenic activities.

In addition to this, habitats are vanishing very rapidly due to human interference

in environment cycle. More than 11,000 species of animals and plants are known

to be threatened with extinction. Green Audit can be defined as systematic

identification, quantification, recording, reporting and analysis of components of

environmental diversity. The „Green Audit‟ aims to analyze environmental

practices within and outside the college campus, which will have an impact on

the eco-friendly ambience. It was initiated with the motive of inspecting the work

conducted within the organizations whose exercises can cause risk to the health

of inhabitants and the environment.

5

ABOUT VWASC COLLEGE, PHUNDE

The college is established in June 1989 to provide the value education and

to bring social reformation among the local population. The geographical location

is latitude 18053‟37” N and longitude 72˚58′34′′ E. The college campus of 4.71

hectares which is surrounded by lush green vegetation towards north and west

side. During biodiversity audit work, efforts were made to understand the current

status and ongoing changes in the ecology of the campus as well as surrounding

area.

Majority of entry level student‟s first generation learner. The College is in

located hilly, Coasted and Backward region of Raigad District in Uran Tehsil,

Where the local Community is Socio-Economically as well as educationally most

backward with fishing is only source of livelihood. The community is

superstitious indecent tradition in their festivals and majority of them celebrating

with different addictions. Majority of the community is illiterate and trapped in

social and financial customs and traditions.

For Social reformation among students and community, the Institution

have initiated and successfully implemented career oriented courses (Functional

English, Soft Skills Development Courses, Human Rights Education, English

Speaking course etc.) to develop Self Employment among Students, Course like

commercial Coastal fishery and Marketing, Export-Import Management and

preparation of domestic household chemicals are conducted in college. As the

College is in located vicinity of Jawaharlal Nehru Port (An International Port),

College conducts various courses to provide human resource to J N Port and Port

related establishment and plays an effective role in nation Building. Most of the

land of the Uran Tehsil is acquired by Government for CIDCO, Jawaharlal Nehru

Port, ONGC, BPCL, SEZ and various other projects.

The „Green Campus‟ has been active since last 5 years by undertaking

plantation drive seriously. The college administration works on the several facets

of „Green Campus‟ including Water Conservation, Tree Plantation, Waste

Management, Paperless Work, Alternative Energy and Mapping of Biodiversity.

6

AIM AND OBJECTIVES The aim of the Green/Biodiversity Audit of the VWASC College, Phunde were to

survey existing flora and fauna observed in the campus.

Objectives:

To establish a baseline data biodiversity of the campus.

To measure the use of water for various purposes in the campus.

To measure the electricity consumption and attempt made by college in

generating energy from non-renewable sources.

To measure solid waste management facility available in the college campus.

To deal with any other relevant environmental and ecological issues to the

surrounding area in general.

To make recommendations for the conservation, protection and

rejuvenation of the natural vegetation and animal life by involving students

and faculty members.

Methodology

In order to perform green audit, the methodology included different tools

such as preparation of questionnaire, physical inspection of the campus,

observation and review of the documentation, interviewing key persons and data

analysis, measurements and recommendations. The study covered the following

areas to summarise the present status of environment management in the

campus:

ter management

usage and conservation

-waste management

Baseline survey of Biodiversity of campus

7

Components of Survey

1. Water Use

This indicator addresses water consumption, water sources, irrigation,

storm water, appliances and fixtures. A water audit is an on-site survey and

assessment to determine the water use and hence improving the efficiency of its

use.

Observations

The study observed that Well and Ponds are the two major sources of

water. Water is used for drinking purpose, canteen, toilets, laboratory and

gardening. During the survey, no loss of water is observed, neither by any

leakages, nor by over flow of water from overhead tanks.

The data collected from all the departments is examined and verified. On an

average the total use of water in the college is 12,000 L/day, which include

6,000 L/day for domestic purposes, 2,000 L/day for gardening and 4,000

L/day for different laboratories.

Two rain water harvesting units are also functional for storing and reuse.

Gardens are watered by using drip irrigation system to save water.

Recommendations

Need of monitoring, controlling overflow is essential and periodically

supervision drills should be arranged. In campus small scale/medium

scale/large scale reuse and recycle of water system is necessary.

Minimize wastage of water and use of electricity during water filtration

process, if used, such as RO filtration process and ensure that the

equipment‟s used for such usage are regularly serviced and the wastage of

water is not below the industry average for such equipment‟s used in

similar capacity.

Ensure that all cleaning products used by college staff have a minimal

detrimental impact on the environment, i.e. are biodegradable and non-

toxic.

2. Energy Usage and Conservation

This indicator addresses energy consumption, energy sources, energy

monitoring, lighting, appliance, natural gas and vehicles. Energy use is clearly an

important aspect of campus sustainability and thus requires no explanation for

its inclusion in the assessment.

8

Observations

All the departments and common facility centres are equipped with CFL

lamps.

Approximately 90 CFLs (Capacity) are counted during survey. Besides this,

photovoltaic cells are also installed in the campus as an alternate

renewable source of energy. Equipments like Computers are used with

power saving mode.

Also, campus administration runs switch –off drill on regular basis. In

science departments like Physics, Chemistry and Zoology electricity was

shut downed after occupancy time is one of green practices for energy

conservation.

Recommendations

Support renewable and carbon-neutral electricity options on any energy

purchasing consortium, with the aim of supplying all college properties

with electricity that can be attributed to renewable and carbon-neutral

sources.

Appreciate that it is preferable to purchase electricity from a company that

invests in new sources of renewable and carbon-neutral electricity.

Installation of more LED lamps instead of CFL is recommended.

3. Solid and Liquid Waste Generation

This indicator addresses waste production and disposal of different wastes

like paper, food, plastic, biodegradable, construction, glass, dust etc and

recycling. Furthermore, solid waste often includes wasted material resources that

could otherwise be channelled into better service through recycling, repair, and

reuse. Solid waste generation and management is a burning issue. Unscientific

handling of solid waste can create threats to everyone. The survey focused on

volume,

type and current management practice of solid waste generated in the campus.

The different solid wastes collected as mentioned above.

Observations

The total solid waste collected in the campus is about 10 Kg/day.

Waste generation from tree droppings and lawn management is a major

solid waste generated in the campus. The waste is segregated at source by

providing separate dustbins for Bio-degradable and Plastic waste.

9

Segregation of chemical waste generated in chemistry and zoology

laboratories is also practiced. Single sided used papers reused for writing

and printing in all departments.

Important and confidential reports/ papers are sent for pulping and

recycling after completion of their preservation period.

Very less plastic waste is generated by some departments, office, garden etc

but it is neither categorized at point source nor sent for recycling.

Metal waste and wooden waste is stored and given to authorized scrap

agents for further processing. Few glass bottles are reused in the

laboratories.

The food waste from main canteen and mess is used or sent for

vermicomposting.

The institute has adopted vermiculture composting in culture house.

The main purpose of this is to reduce disposable waste in the college

campus. After complete process of vermicomposting, it is used as manure

for plants in the campus.

Recommendations

Try to reduce the absolute amount of waste that it produces from college

pantry, biological laboratories etc.

Make full use of all recycling facilities including glass, cans, white, coloured

and brown paper, plastic bottles, batteries, print cartridges, cardboard and

furniture.

Provide sufficient, accessible and well-publicized collection points for

recyclable waste, with responsibility for recycling clearly allocated.

Single sided papers to be used for writing and photocopy

4. E-Waste Generation

E-waste can be described as consumer and business electronic equipment

that is near or at the end of its useful life. This makes up about 5% of all

municipal solid waste worldwide but is much more hazardous than other waste

because electronic components contain cadmium, lead, mercury, and

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) that can damage human health and the

environment.

Observations

10

E-waste generated in the campus is very less in quantity. The cartridges of

laser printers are refilled outside the college campus.

Administration conducts the awareness programmes regarding E-waste

Management with the help of various departments.

The E- waste and defective item from computer laboratory is being stored

properly.

The institution has decided to contact approved E-waste management and

disposal facility in order to dispose E-waste in scientific manner.

Recommendations

Recycle or safely dispose of white goods, computers and electrical

appliances.

Use reusable resources and containers and avoid unnecessary packaging

where possible.

Always purchase recycled resources where these are both suitable and

available.

Figure-2: Location Map of VWASC College, Phunde

11

FLORA OF VWASC COLLEGE, PHUNDE

Floral diversity refers to the diversity of plants occurring in a specific region

during particular era. It generally refers to the diversity of naturally occurring

indigenous or native plants. The word “Flora” comes from the Latin, Flora – the

goddess of plants (floris means flower). India, being one of the tropical countries

harbours 46,824 species including species of virus/bacteria and fungi. In India,

the floral diversity is concentrated in four phytogeographically unique regions,

viz., Himalayas, Western Ghats, Northeast India and Andaman and Nicobar

Islands. The Indian Flora accounts for 11.4% of the total recorded plant species of

the world and about 28% of the plant species are endemic (species confined to a

particular geographical region) to India. Angiosperms are the largest plant group

in India comprising a total of 17,817 species, constitutes 38.15% of floral

diversity of the entire country, followed by fungi comprised of 14,698 species,

representing 31.38%.

The country also has high level of cryptogam (Bryophytes and

Pteridophytes) diversity. A total of 2,479 species of Pteridophytes and around

1265 of Bryophytes have been recorded from India so far. The bryophytes

(Mosses and Liverworts) are also significantly rich in the Himalayas, Nilgiris,

Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Algae and

Fungi have widespread distribution in India. The diversity of marine algae in

Gujarat coast of Okha-Dwarka region and Mandappam-Pamban region of Tamil

Nadu coast appear to be the species-richest. Lichens are composite organisms

consist of symbiotic algae and fungi found very rich in the Western Ghats,

Eastern and Western Himalayas and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Most of the ferns and gymnosperms (including cycads, pines, firs, junipers,

etc.) grow in cool temperate zones of the Himalayas, and in the mountainous

regions of southern India, especially in the Western Ghats. According to current

estimates, the Indian flora represents nearly 12% of the global floral diversity

(excluding viruses). Rice, sugarcane, jute, tree cotton, yams, brassicas, cucurbits,

citrus fruits, various millets, tamarind, banana, mango, jackfruit, ginger,

turmeric, cinnamons, cardamom, cumin seeds, black pepper, betel nut and

numerous aromatic and medicinal plants are the important plant resources of the

Indian region. Conservation is a protective measure to prevent the loss of genetic

12

diversity of all species, to save species from extinction and ultimately to protect

all the ecosystems from damage so as to promote their sustainable utilisation.

After having survey in the campus following species of plants are observed.

FLORAL DIVERSITY OF VWASC COLLEGE, PHUNDE

Table-1: List of Plant Species

Sr.

No. Name of Plant Family Common Name Note

1 Abrus precatorius L. Fabaceae Gunj Wild

Abutilon indicum (Link)

2 Sweet Malvaceae Mudra, Ati-bala Wild

Acacia auriculiformis

3 A.Cunn. Ex Benth. Mimosaceae Australian

Babhul Exotic Tree

4 Acacia mangiumWilld. Mimosaceae Mangium Exotic Tree

5 Acacia catechu (L.) Wild Mimosaceae Khair Wild

Khalipha, Foxtail,

6 Acalypha hispida L. Euphorbiaceae Red Hot cat-tail Cultivated

Indigenous

7 Achyranthes aspera L.

Amaranthacea

e Aghada shrub

8 Adhatoda vasica Nees Acanthaceae Adulsa Cultivated

9 Aegle marmelos L. Rutaceae Bel Indigenous 10 Agave americana L. Agavaceae Ghaypat Shrub

11 Albizia procera Benth. Mimosaceae Shirish Wild

12 Albizia saman F. Muell. Mimosaceae Rain Tree Cultivated

13 Allamanda cathartica L. Apocynaceae Pivali Ghanta Cultivated

14 Aloe vera L. Liliaceae Korphad Cultivated

15 Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. Apocynaceae Saptaparni Wild

13

16 Amaranthus virides L. Amaranthaceae Aghada Wild

17 Anacardium occidentale L. Anacardiaceae Kaju Cultivated

18 Annona reticulata L. Annonaceae Ramphal Cultivated

Anthocephalus cadamba

19 (Roxb.) Miq. Rubiaceae Kadamb Cultivated

White

Vietnamese

20 Anthurium sp. Araceae Anthurium Cultivated

Araucaria columnaris J.R. Cristmas tree,

21 Forst. Hook. Araucariaceae Cook Pine Cultivated

22 Artocarpus integrifolius Lam. Moraceae Phanas Wild

23 Asparagus racemosis Willd. Asparagaceae

Garden Shatavari Wild

24 Atylosia indica L. Fabaceae Wild 25 Azadirachta indica L Meliaceae Neem Indigenous

26 Bauhinia purpurea L. Caesaslpiniaceae Kanchan Cultivated

27 Bauhinia racemosa Caesaslpiniaceae Apata Wild

28 Blumea lacera L. Asteraceae Burundi Wild

29 Bombax ceiba L. Bombacaceae Katesavar Wild

14

FAUNAL DIVERSITY OF THE COLLEGE CAMPUS Insects on the campus

The insects are by far the largest group of organisms on earth, which are

measured in terms of number of species or number of individuals. Insect live in

every conceivable habitat on land and in fresh water and few have even invaded

the sea. More than half of all the named animal species are the insects and the

actual proportional is undoubtedly much higher, because of millions of additional

forms awaiting detection, classification and naming.

Insects as economically important group of organisms, have been

associated in mans interest in many ways. Some insects with their pollinating

activities make possible the production of many agricultural crops, they provide

us with honey, bee wax, silk and other products of commercial value they serve

as food for many birds, fish and other beneficial animals, they perform valuable

services as scavengers, they act as bio-control agents and keep harmful animals

and plants in check, they have been useful in medicine and in scientific research.

Insects also contain vast array of chemical compounds, some of which can be

collected, extracted and used by us. Chitin or a component of insect cuticle, can

act as anticoagulant or haemostatic agent for tissue repair in humans. Chitin

and its derivatives enhance wound and burn healing, reduce serum cholesterol,

serve as anti-allergic drug carrier, provide a strong biodegradable plastic, and

enhance removal of pollutants from wastewater.

A few insects are harmful and responsible for enormous losses each year in

agricultural crops and stored products, and they may transmit diseases that

seriously affect the health of humans and other animals. As far as diversity of

insect are concerned species of insects are distributed unevenly among the higher

taxonomic groups. Five orders stand out for their high species richness, which

includes Coleoptera (beetles), Diptera (flies), Hymenoptera (wasps, ants and bees),

Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), and the true bugs i.e. Hemiptera. Among

them beetles comprise almost 40% of described insects (more than 3,00,000

species). Although other orders are described as minor this doesn‟t mean that it

is insignificant.

During present auditing report a rapid survey was undertaken to analyze

insect diversity on the campus.

15

METHODS

In the present survey, the insect diversity of the campus was studied by

visual observations, where early morning and evening visits were planned during

study period as the insects are more active during this period. For some

nocturnal insects light traps have been used for observation. Identification:

The insects were then identified with the help of available standard

literature such as Borrer, et al (1992), Gullan & Cranstan (2000), Mauro, et al

(1987), Gunathilagaraj, et al (1998), Haribal (1992), Mani (1995), Pradhan (1992),

Saxena (1992). Observations

Table No.2: Name of Butterflies and insects observed in the campus

Family Scientific name Common name

Gryllotalpidae Neocurtilla sps Mole cricket

Nimobiinae Acheta sps Ground crickets

Acrididae Poicelocera picta Printed grasshopper

Subfam:Scarabaein

ae Geotrupes sps Dung beetles

Subfam:Centoniinae Osmoderma sps Flower beetles

Subfam:Dynastinae Dynastes sps Rhinoceros beetles

Cicindelidae Cicindela sps Tiger beetles

Coccinelidae Hippodamia sps Ladybird beetles

Chrysomelidae Crioceris sps. Leaf beetles

Subfam:Cassidinae Cassida sps. Tortoise beetles

Danaidae Eulopoea core core Common crow

Danaus chrysippus chrysippus Plain tiger

Danaus genutia genutia Striped tiger

16

Tirumala limniace exoticus Blue tiger

Nymphalidae Précis iphita iphita Chocolate pansy

Précis almana almana Peocock pansy

Précis lemonias lemonias Lemon pansy

Ariadne merione merione Common castor

Précis atlites Grey pansy

Pieridae

Eurema blanda

sihetana

Three spot grass

yellow

Eurema hecabe simulata Common grass yellow

Delias eucharis Common jezebel

Castalius rosimon rosimon Common pierrot

Papilionidae Papilio polytes romulus Common mormon

Pachliopta aristolochiae Common rose

Graphium agamemnon menid Tailed jay

Papilio machaon Yellow swallowtail

Satyridae Mycalesis ssubdita Bush brown

Melanitis leda leda Common evening brown

Sphingidae Acherontia atropos Head hawkmoth

Apidae Honey bees

Subfamily Apinae Apis mellifera Honey bees

Apis indica Honey bees

17

The insect fauna of College Campus is dominated by order Lepidoptera,

followed by Coleoptera and others. The Lepidopteran fauna i.e. butterflies and

moths population, diversity is rich during and soon after monsoon and lasts up

to the end of October, and then gradually begins to decline. This may be because

during and after monsoon, most of the vegetation goes from vegetative state to

reproductive state.

During study period due to sufficient rainfall in the month of July and

September while moderate to trace in October and November, the campus was

covered with greenish carpet, sprinkled with yellow, orange, red, pink and violet

colour grass flowers, which made the campus, a wonderful place. Almost all

water bodies on the campus were full and supporting aquatic life. Humidity

observed in the range of 65-95 % while temperature was in the range of 25 to

30oC, with moderate to high wind speed and moderate to low sunny hours. These

fluctuations in the climatic conditions were administrating the diversity and

abundance of insect population.

Sudden peak in insect population of certain species followed by

disappearance of the same, and dominance of another was observed. While some

insect species showed their constant but moderate appearance. Many insect

species were observed in variety of life forms, showing activities such as

camouflage, mimicry, as well as different defensive strategies and migration.

18

Recommendations

The wild vegetation needs to be identified and conserved. Signboards could

be put displaying “Conservation area”.

The microhabitats of insects need to be identified and protected. These

include trees, grass-stands, small ponds, anthills, etc.

The fire to grass should be controlled.

Plantation of exotic species has to be avoided.

Patches of wild-flower habitats have to be fenced and protected from

reclamation.

No chemical pesticides should be used within the campus.

All the insect species need to be catalogued, seasonally and preserved to

create a museum display for environmental education.

Economically useful insect species need to be given special protection. e.g.

honeybees.

Literature on insect fauna of the campus needs to be published.

19

BIRD DIVERSITY

In present survey, the avifauna from VWASC College, Phunde campus was

screened carefully for their presence. The existence of species was confirmed by

direct observations. The campus earlier was partial creek receiving tidal water in

the campus. But after reclamation water logging is rare to find. During rainy

season play ground and nearby are hold water and thus attract some waders in

the campus. Following are birds sighted in and around the campus of college.

Table No.3: Bird diversity of VWASC Phunde campus

Sr.

No. Family

Common Name

Scientific name

1 Accipitridae Pallied Harrier Circus macrourus

2 Accipitridae Lesser Spotted Eagle Clangapomarina

3 Accipitridae Black Kite Milvusmigrans

4 Accipitridae Black Shouldered Kite Elanusaxillaris

5 Accipitridae Booted Eagel Hieraaetuspennatus

6 Accipitridae Brahminy Kite Haliastur Indus

7 Accipitridae Crested Serpent Eagle Spilornischeela

8 Accipitridae Shikra Accipiter badius

9 Accipitridae Short Toed Snake Eagle Circaetusgallicus

10 Acrocephalidae Blyth‟s Reed Warbler Acrocephalusdumetorum

11 Aegithinidae Common Iora Aegithinatiphid

12

Alaudidae

Ashy-Crowned Sparrow

Lark

Eremopterixgriseus

13 Alcedinidae Common Kingfisher Alcedoatthis

14 Anatidae Spot Billed Duck Anaspoecilorhyncha

15 Apodidae Asian Palm Swift Cypsiurusbalasiensis

16 Ardeidae Indian Pond Heron Ardeolagrayii

17

Ardeidae

Black Crowned Night

Heron

Nycticoraxnycticorax

18 Ardeidae Grey Heron Ardeacinerea

19 Ardeidae Great Egret Ardea alba

20 Ardeidae Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis

21 Ardeidae Little Egret Egrettagarzetta

22 Ardeidae Purple Heron Ardeapurpurea

23 Bucerotidae Indian Grey Hornbill Ocycerosbirostris

24 Camephagidae Small Minivet Pericrocotuscinnamomeus

25 Ciconiidae Painted Stork MycteriaLeucocephala

26 Cisticolidae Grey Breasted Prinia Priniahodgsonii

27 Cisticolidae Ashy Prinia Priniasocialis

28 Cisticolidae Common Tailorbird Orthotomussutorius

29 Cerylidae Pied Kingfisher Cerylerudis

30 Charadriidae Little Ringed Plover Charadriusdubius

20

31 Charadriidae Red Wattled Lapwing Vanellusindicus

32 Columbidae Spotted Dove Spilopeliachinensis

33 Columbidae Rock Dove Columba livia

34 Columbidae Laughing Dove Spilopeliasenegalensis

35 Corvidae House Crow Corvussplendens

36 Corvidae Indian Jungle Crow Corvus culminates

37 Coraciidae Indian Roller Coraciasbenghalensis

38 Cuculidae Greater Coucal Centropussinesis

39 Cuculidae Asian Koel Eudynamysscolopacea

40 Dichruridae Ashy Drongo Dicrurusleucophaeus

41 Dichruridae Black Drongo Dicrurusmacrocercus

42 Estrildidae Scaly Breasted Munia Lonchurapunctulata

43 Estrildidae White RumpedMunia Lonchurastriata

44 Hirundinidae Barn Swallow Hirundorustica

45 Halcyonidae White Throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis

46 Jaconidae Bronze Winged Jacana Metopidiusindicus

47 Laniidae Long Tailed Shrike Laniusschach

48 Laniidae Bay Backed Shrike Laniusvittatus

49 Magalaimidae Coppersmith Barbet Megalaimahaemacephala

50 Meropidae Green Bee Eater Meropsorientalis

51 Motacillidae White Wagtail Matacilla alba

52 Motacillidae Grey Wagtail Motacillacinerea

53 Motacillidae Paddy Field Pipit Anthusrufulus

54 Monarchidae Asian Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone paradise

55 Muscicapidae Indian Robin Saxicoloidesfulicatus

56 Muscicapidae Pied Bushchat Saxicoacaprata

57 Muscicapidae Stonechat Saxicolarubicoa

58 Nectariniidae Purple Rumped Sunbird Leptocomazeylonica

59 Pandionidae Osprey Pandionhaliaetus

60 Passeridae House Sparrow Passer domesticus

61 Phalacrocoracidae

Little Cormorant Microcarboniger

62 Phalacrocoracidae

Indian Cormorant Phalacrocoraxfuscicollis

63 Phoenicopteridae

Lesser Flamingo Phoenicopterus minor

64 Phoenicopteridae

Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterusroseus

65 Phylloscopidae Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopuscollybita

66 Phylloscopidae Greater Warbler Phylloscopustrochiloides

67 Ploceidae Baya Weaver Ploceidaeploceus

68 Psittaculidae Alexandrine Parakeet Psittaculaeupatria

69 Psittaculidae Rose Ringed Parakeet Psittaculakrameri

70 Recurviroscridae Black Winged Stilt Himantopushimantopus

71 Rhipiduridae White Browed Fantail Phipiduraaureola

72 Scolopacidae Wood Sandpiper Tringaglateola

73 Scolopacidae Common Sandpiper Actitishypoleucos

74 Scolopacidae Common Redshank Tringa tetanus

21

75 Scolopacidae Curlew Sandpiper Calidrisferruginea

76 Scolopacidae Marsh Sandpiper Tringastagnatilis

77 Scolopacidae Little Stint Calidirsminuta

78 Stringidae Spotted Owl Strixoccidentalis

79 Sturnidae Common Myna Acridotherestristis

80 Threskiornithida

e

Glossy Ibis Plegadisfalcinellus

81 Tytonidae Barn Owl Tyto alba

82 Zosceropidae White Eye Zosteropslateralis

During the study period, the efforts were made to study the Vertebrate

(Tetrapoda) species of College campus and adjoining area for the preparation of

checklist from direct observations and from signs and tracks. Extensive surveys

were also conducted and the checklist has been prepared to ascertain the status

and richness of Tetrapoda diversity of campus area.

Observations on the bird species reveals that, there are about 44 species of

birds found in Park area and which are from 29 families distributed over 38

genera. Recommendations

Avoid the burning of leaf litter in the campus.

Prevent the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

Restriction or marked use of vehicles in campus area.

If possible there should be the arrangement of artificial ponds as a source

of potable water specially in summer season

Plantation of seed bearing and flowering plants.

Periodical observations of animals in campus area to update the data.

22

BIODIVERSITY AUDIT ANALYSIS

List of Activities and documentary evidences have been assessed (last 5

years) from the data obtained from VWASC College, Phunde. Documentation on

Biodiversity has been assessed w.r.t. protection, conservation, and its

management from the institution. 1. Documentary evidences of various activities (related to environment)

conducted by the institution.

This College has waste collection points and guidance for the disposal of

Waste paper, cardboards, glass, plastic, e-waste, hazardous waste, etc.

The college takes initiatives to raises the environmental related issues

among its staff/students/visitors so as to have hygienic clean and pollution

free college campus.

This College is in practice to minimize the consumption of water and

enhances ground water level by „Rainwater harvesting Practices‟.

The college take initiatives to reducing the consumption of electricity

through

Progressive replacement of light bulbs with energy efficient LED

bulbs.

Awareness among the staff and students to turn off the

electrical appliances when not in use through proper boards in

suitable places.

Conservation of energy by promoting the use of daylight,

conducting frequent preventive and corrective maintenance.

The College has installed solar power systems through 26 solar

panels on the Arts & Commerce wing building.

The Waste bins are placed to maintain a clean and tidy campus at proper

places.

The organic waste in the college campus is recycled in Vermicomposting

units.

The green campus is maintained through adequate tree plantation by the

college NSS, NCC along with active participation of DP World Port.

2. Tree plantation activities within the campus and outside campus area in

last five years.

Tree plantation campaign in adopted villages and college campus through

NSS activity has been carried out.

23

Socio-economic survey, water testing and plant survey, bird survey and

historical place rejuvenation carried out through various departmental

activities.

Tree plantation & maintenance has been carried out every year in the

campus.

3. Any eco-friendly/environment friendly practice carried out by the

institution within campus or outside campus.

Installation of Solar units on Arts & Commerce Wing building.

Vermi-compost units on college lawn for organic waste recycling into

organic fertilizers.

Glass sliding windows are in all the buildings giving cross ventilation and

even lot of sunlight in turn reduces burden on use of electricity.

4. Total area of campus with map.

Table No. 4: Area of Campus Building

Science wing

Building

Rooms Area

Classroom 6 Approx. 705 Sq. feet

each

Classroom 1 Approx. 273 Sq. feet

each

Laboratory Chemistry 1+1 Well equipped with Marble

platform student capacity 30+15

Total Area 1136 + 564 Sq. Feet

Laboratory Zoology1+1

Well equipped with Marble platform student capacity 30+ 20

Total Area 1136+

564Sq. Feet

Laboratory Botany Total Area 770 Sq. Feet

Laboratory Physics Total Area 705 Sq. Feet

Department of Geography Total Area 90 Sq. Feet

Gymkhana Total Area 770 Sq. Feet

IQAC Room Approx. 285 Sq. Feet

Department of Zoology Approx. 285 Sq.

24

Feet

Toilet block First Floor Girls

Second Floor Boys

Arts & Commerce

Wing Building

Rooms Area

Classroom -5 Approx. 725 Sq.

Feet each

Administrative Office Approx. 725 Sq.

Feet

Principal Office Approx. 360 Sq. feet

Conference Hall Approx. 360 Sq. feet

Staff Room Approx. 440 Sq. feet

Exam Room Approx. 285 Sq. feet

Laboratories IT – 2 Approx. 725 Sq. feet

each

Library 1+1 Approx. 1150 Sq.

feet each

Toilet block Girls & boys On each floor

Yoga Centre 846 Sq. Feet

Reading Space 704 Sq. Feet

Women’s Hostel Building

Rooms Area

Girls Common Room Approx. 334 Sq. Feet

Health Centre Approx. 193 Sq. feet

Visitor Room Approx. 224 Sq. feet

Store Room Approx. 217 Sq. feet

Dept. Of Hindi Approx. 243 Sq. feet

Counselling Centre Approx. 245 Sq. feet

NCC Approx. 245 Sq. feet

Dept. of Rural Development. Approx. 242 Sq. Feet

Dept. of Marathi Approx. 224 Sq. Feet

Dept. of Commerce Approx. 243 Sq. Feet

Administrative Block

Room Area

Meeting Room 459.37 Sq. Feet

Principal Cabin 345.50 Sq. Feet

Anti-Chamber 87.31 Sq. Feet

Store Room 110.10 Sq. Feet

Cabin – 1 89.72 Sq. Feet

Cabin – 2 49.92 Sq. Feet

Cabin – 3 49.92 Sq. Feet

Cabin – 4 49.92 Sq. Feet

25

Cabin – 5 89.72 Sq. Feet

O. S. Room 99.61 Sq. Feet

Server Room 45.52 Sq. Feet

Waiting area 259.35 Sq. feet

Toilet – 1 27.09 Sq. feet

Toilet – 2 25.33 Sq. feet

Toilet – 3 25.33 Sq. feet

W. C. -1 13.81 Sq. feet

W. C. -2 13.81 Sq. feet

Caféteria 461.90 Sq. feet

Kitchen 196.87 Sq. feet

Auditorium 2012.50 Sq. feet

Pantry 136.88 Sq. feet

Toilet – 1 25.33 Sq. feet

Toilet – 2 25.33 Sq. feet

W. C. -1 13.81 Sq. feet

W. C. -2 13.81 Sq. feet

Record Room 943.66 Sq. feet

5. Mode of environmental consciousness generated amongst students,

teaching staff, non-teaching staff of the institution, etc.

Awareness programmes and interaction with students, teaching staff and

non-teaching staff for the attitudinal change for adopting environmentally

sustainable lifestyles. 6. Data regarding number and type (2/4 wheelers) of vehicles used by

students, staff members within the campus.

Number of two wheelers: 75

Number of four wheelers: 02 7. Existing electricity requirement and its mode of supply- e.g. MSEB/wind

mill/solar panels/any other mode

1938 unit-MSEB 8. Number of students, teaching staff, non-teaching staff of the institution.

Students- 1406, teaching staff- 40, non-teaching staff-19

37

9. Hazardous waste management done by the institution.

i) Hazardous chemicals used in exact required quantity and very carefully,

list chance of waste formation.

26

ii) Autoclaving of the used culture media is done in the Zoology

departments. 10. Mode of water supply for drinking and for garden.

Drinking water is supplied through CIDCO and for the garden through Drip

system. 11. Environment Policy of the institution if any. Environmental Policy:

Achieving excellence in teaching and research, the college promotes

environmental sustainability, conservation and enhancement of natural

resources to prevent pollution or keep it minimal. College always aims to

eliminate or reduce all the forms of environmental pollution through 3 „R‟s

policy i.e. reduce, reuse and recycle.

12. Number of talks, lectures, slide shows, videos related to environment,

biodiversity, ecology, nature conservation for the students in last five years.

Street play on Save Tree by NSS Swatchha Bharat Abhiyaan Organization of „Road Safety Progamme‟ by N.C.C Unit. The College observe „No Vehicle Day‟ as a part of environment awareness

drive. Bird survey by teachers of college

Organized rally and poster competition for "Save Girl Child”.

During NSS Residential Camp every year.

Organized poster and essay competition on "Save Water” through Watershed treatment.

Students of College participated in Youth Festival organized by University.

Nearby College Campus, forest conservation programme in collaboration

with NGO. College has taken many initiatives for the conservation and

protection of nature and environment.

Green campus: Use of renewable energy sources, installation, Solar panels.

Campaigning „Say No to Plastic‟ on college campus by putting boards in the campus.

Observing „No Vehicle Day‟, „World Biodiversity Day‟, „World Environment Day‟ etc.

Organized National and state level Conference on environmental issues.

Contribution of the faculty and students in cleanliness drive.

Awareness on organic farming through raising vermi-compost units.

Bird monitoring programme has conducted by Department of Zoology.

Wild life photography and painting exhibition was conducted by Department of Zoology.

27

RECOMMENDATIONS

Following are some recommendations to conserve and preserve biodiversity

of the VWASC College, Phunde are given below. These could form the basis of any

action plan to prepare a full catalogue of campus biodiversity and undertake

scientific conservation measures.

Development of college nursery or botanical garden, butterfly garden etc.

Garden needs to plant indigenous flowering plants which flower for whole

year and readily available for insects and birds.

Signboards could be displayed on plants in the campus area.

Plantation of exotic species has to be avoided in the future plantation

program.

No chemical pesticides should be used within the campus.

Use organic manure or Vermicomposting.

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