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WELCOMEWELCOME

NOMEX® Protective Apparel SolutionsSeeheim, 6/7th April 2003

DuPont Personal Protection

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Introduction

• DuPont Safety and Protection

• Trends in personal protection

• DuPont support to end-users

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Who is DuPont ?

• Sales: 24 Billion $ (6.3 in Europe)• R&D Budget: 1.3 Billion $• Employees: 83’000 (16’000 in Europe)

Founded in 1802 by aFrench chemist :Eleuthère Irénée duPont

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DuPont Worldwide

• Company based on science and innovation

« The miracles of science™ »

• 19 Business Units

• 177 Production sites

• 124 Laboratories and R&D centres

• + 1’700 products

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DuPont – Famous brands

g

Tyvek®flexible sheet products

Cromalin®colour proofing systems

Tactel®speciality polyamide fibre

CoolMax®performance fibre

Centari®automotive and refinishproducts

Teflon®non-stick coatings

Butacite®safety glass interlayer

Tynex®filaments

Mylar®polyester film

Hytrel®

thermoplastic polyester

Lycra®elastane fibre

Sontara®spunlaced fabric Antron®

carpet fibre

Ally®herbicide

Cordura®nylon fabric

Nomex®brand fibre

Ti-Pure®titanium dioxide

Surlyn®resin

Delrin®acetal resin

Suva®refrigerants

Corian®solid surfaces

Kevlar®brand fibre

SustivaTM

efavirenz

Dacron®fibre

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DuPont Safety & Protection• SAFETY = the essence of DuPont

• Corporate commitment to safety• 100 years of industrial safety management• 0.3 injuries/1000 employees (vs. 50 avg in industry)

• Global network of expertise in Safety, Health &Environment

• 30 years of experience in protective apparel• Close collaboration with norm committees (ISO,

CEN, ASTM, IEC)

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The road to safety

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Off the Job

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Integrating technology,know-how and marketpresence to protectpeople, property,operations, and theenvironment

Kevlarbrand fiberNomex

brand fiberKrytox lubricantsOxone

monopersulfateTeflon

soil, rain andstain protectorsSontara

spunlacedproductsTyvek

protectivematerialsSafeReturnsTM

safety consulting

Corian

solid surfaces

DuPont Safety & Protection

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WHAT IS NOMEX® ?

Personal Protective Garment Solutions againstheat and flame hazards based on:

• Aramid (aromatic polyamid) fibres• invented & marketed by DuPont in the 60 ’s:

NOMEX® : meta-aramid polymer– excellent textile properties

• KEVLAR® : para-aramid polymer– very high strength

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• Inherent, durable heat and flame resistance

• Does not burn, melt or drip

• Does not break open

• Starts to carbonize at 380o C

• No toxic/irritating fumes

• Abrasion, tear and wear resistant

THE NOMEX® TECHNOLOGY

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Applications of NOMEX®• Industrial laundering• Automobile• Thermal and electrical

insulation• Honeycomb/composites• Gas filter bags• Protective clothing

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Clean and Disinfect

DuPont Emergency Response Solutions - from the Leader in Safety Technology

DuPont Safety & Protection

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Personal ProtectionMarkets served

• Firefighters• Civil Protection/emergency response• Industrial workers

– Petrochemical /offshore– Chemical– Utilities (electrical, gas)– Automotive

• Police and armed forces

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Protective apparel….a fewexamples

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Key Trends

• Tightening norm and regulatory environment– awareness and compliance expanding into new

markets/territories– Risk analysis a must

• Safety and Environment as a Corporate Value• Multifunctional products (eg. heat + chemical

+ …. )• Highly specialized solutions and « new » risks

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Key Trends -cont’d

• “Information overload”– Many alternatives

– Many sources of information

• Industry consolidation and globalization

• Focus on efficiency and cost

• Growing use of leasing/rental contracts,especially in industry

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Why protect people againstheat & flame ?

• In the event of a flash fire,explosion or electric arc, protectiveclothing:– Provides escape time– Minimizes burn injury– Increases the chance of survival

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Evaluation of exposure hazards(from damaged garments)

Exposuredescription

Type ofNomex®Garment

Estimated totalexposure, J/cm22

Estimatedtime, s

Estimatedheat flux,W/cm2

Brush fire Shirt 50 8 6.3Apartmentbuilding fire

Turn-outCoat 80 12 6.7

Flash-over fireTurn-outCoat 63 8 7.9

Oil-wellFlash fire Coverall 17 2 8.5Car: petrol tankexplosion

Turn-outCoat 59 <5 >11.8

Solvent/vapourflashover (paint)

Turn-outCoat 67 5 13.4

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Protection Against Flash Fireand Electric Arc

• Thermal protective clothing MUST :– Not melt, or ignite and continue to burn– Insulate the wearer from heat– Provide permanent flame resistance

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Why not wear everyday clothing ?

• Conventional fabrics may ignite andcontinue to burn on the skin, whichincreases the burn injury

– Examples of fabrics which IGNITE are:• Cotton, viscose, wool

– Examples of fabrics which IGNITE andMELT are:• Polyester, Nylon

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Types of thermal protective clothing

I Flame-Retardant Treated Clothing, (e.g.:FRC)

Treatment applied on the fabricProtection is not permanentWhen exposed to heat or flame, FR treatmentbegins to degrade and vaporise in a flash fireResulting hot tar can deposit on exposed skin,adding to burn injury levelResulting after-flame adds to burn injury level

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Types of thermal protectiveclothing

II Inherently Flame Resistant Clothing

Permanent Protection

Garments made from inherently flameresistant fibres, such as Nomex®

Garments do NOT ignite, burn or melt

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Products Technology

People

The NOMEX® offering...… to support the 3

decision making factors

Economics

Protection Comfort

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NOMEX® meets end-user needs

– Excellent protection against :• flash fire, (gas) explosion• electric arc• most chemicals

– Permanent antistatic protection– Comfortable to wear– Attractive styling and colors– Cost effective– Quality

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40

60

80

100

Untreatedpolyester/cotton

FR treated cotton Nomex(R) Comfort

% predicted body burns after 4.5s exposure

Excellent thermal protection

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Excellent comfort: fabric weight

200

300

400

FR treatedcotton

Untreatedcotton

Nomex(R) III Nomex(R) DeltaC

typical garment weight, g/m2

FRT Cotton > 320-380 g/m2Untreated cotton 260 - 300 g/m2Nomex® III 265 g/m2Nomex® Comfort 190 - 220 g/m2

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Cost effectiveness• Garments of NOMEX® last 3-5 times

longer than cotton garments, and are:– extremely resistant to general wear and tear– keep their excellent appearance over time– suitable for industrial laundering or dry-

cleaning (up to 95°C)– Have good dimensional stability

(laundry shrinkage <3%)

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NOMEX® manufacturing plant (Asturias, Spain)

NOMEX® - The Technology

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The “Ingredients” (I)

– ARAMIDS (aromatic rings with amidelinks) by DuPont …

meta-aramid:excellent thermal propertiesexcellent textile properties

para-aramid:high tenacity

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The “Ingredients” (II)

– … P-140 (carbon fibre within polyamid )

P-140 fibre with high chargeconcentration: the surroundingair becomes ionised

NOMEX® fibrewith diffuseelectrostatic charges

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European Technical Centre - Geneva

NOMEX® - The Technology

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Overview of Thermal Tests

• Limited flame spread• Convective heat• Radiant heat• Thermal protective performance

(TPP)• Mannequin testing - Thermo-Man®• Arc testing - Arc-Man™• Steam heat transfer test

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EN-531: Protective clothing forworkers exposed to heat and flame

• EN 532 Limited Flame Spread• EN 367 Heat transfer, flame• EN 366 Heat transfer, radiation• EN 373 Resistance, molten metal

splash• EN 340 Sizing, dimensional change• EN 340 Marking

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EN 532: Limited flame spread

• Does fabric burn?(convective heat source)

• Afterflame <= 2 seconds• Afterglow <= 2 seconds• No flaming (outer surface)• No hole formation• No molten debris

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Conditions for lab tests of thermalprotective clothing

• Heat source (e.g. convective, radiant)• Realistic test parameters

– sensors which absorb heat energy andregister a rise in temperature

– this rise in temperature can becorrelated, via earlier research work, tothe tolerance of human skin: pain,second, third degree burns

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Stoll Curve: Typical SensorTemperature Rise vs Time

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EN 367: Convective heat

80 kW/m2

CalorimeterSample

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EN 367: Convective heat(EN531 requirements)

• Heat source flux: 80 kW/m2 (typicalflash fire)

• Measure time for temperature to riseto level of 2nd degree burns (HTI)

• Time to second degree burns:– B1: 3-6 sec - B4: 21-30 sec– B2: 7-12 sec - B5: > 30 sec– B3: 13-20 sec

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EN 366: Radiant heat

40 kW/ m2Calorimeter

Sample

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EN 366: Radiant heat(EN531 requirements)

• Heat source flux: 20 kW/m2

• Measure time for temperature torise to level of 2nd degree burns (t2)

• Time to 2nd degree burns:– C1: 8-30 sec– C2: 31-90 sec– C3: 91-150 sec– C4: > 150 sec

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ISO 15797Textiles - Industrial washing and finishing procedures for testing of workwear

ISO 15797 specifies test procedures and equipment which can be used in theevaluation of cotton, polyester/cotton and reverse blend workwear intendedto be industrially laundered. They serve as a basis for testing relevantproperties such as dimensional stability, colour fastness, creasing and seampuckering. This International Standard does not provide instructions andspecifications for the procedures and equipment to be used by industriallaunderers.

Since it is not possible, in practice, to reproduce industrial laundry processes(washing and finishing) in a laboratory setting, ISO 15797 provides anapproach using defined intermediate scale equipment and exacting testprocedures which may be used for the evaluation of workwear intended tobe laundered industrially.

The methods described in this International Standard simulate the effect ofindustrial laundering on workwear. Provision is made for eight differentwashing procedures based on the use of a front- or side-loading horizontalrotating drum type washer/extractor. Each washing procedure isconsidered to represent a single industrial wash.

ISO 15797 also specifies two drying/finishing test procedures, namely tumbledrying and tunnel/cabinet finishing.

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Anti-static ArcMan™

ThermoMan® SAM & Hot Steam

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The Value-ChainNOMEX® fibre-mix from DuPont

NOMEX® yarnfrom a spinner

NOMEX® fabricfrom a weaver

Personal ProtectionEquipment withNOMEX®

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k.Garment manufacturer to ensure

CE and standards conformity

Outershell Inner Liner

Heat insulation

Membrane

Reflective tape

Sewing thread

EN 469 / EN531

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NOMEX® Quality Labels

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I. NOMEX® “standard” label

Requirements:

• Company Information

• End-use segment

• EN (or comparable PPE norm)(certificate + technical report)

•NOMEX® sewing thread

Note: DuPont reserves the right torequest a sample

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II. NOMEX® High Performance LabelRequirements:•Company Information•End-use segment•EN (or comparable norm) certificate+ technical report (all components)•Ret (ISO 11092) for multi-layerassembly•ATP value for Electric Arc Protectivesystem•DuPont technical requirements (incl.THERMO-MAN®)

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High performance protection: pushing the limits ?!

Merci !