dr.t.v.rao md environmental biosafety in hospitals principles and practice dr.t.v.rao md 1
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DR.T.V.RAO MD 1
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOSAFETY IN
HOSPITALS PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE
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• The purpose of cleaning is to remove unwanted contaminants from surfaces.
• The methods of cleaning and the chemical products used are more critical because they often have a dual function of removing soil and killing harmful pathogens
CLEANING IS CRITICAL FOR SAFETY OF THE HOSPITAL
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• In hospitals, the purpose of cleaning is to protect patients health and prevent the spread of disease by removing contaminants from surfaces.
• In hospitals, some contaminants are disease causing micro-organisms invisible to the naked eye.
PURPOSE OF CLEANING THE ENVIRONMENT
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• This term designates the surfaces that you will be cleaning in a hospital. This is a classification system for surfaces that carry a lower risk for disease transmission.
• There are 2 types of Environmental Surfaces:
• Housekeeping Surfaces
• Equipment*
ENVIRONMENTAL SURFACES
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HOUSEKEEPING OF SURFACES
• These are environmental surfaces that require regular cleaning including floors, walls, tabletops, fixtures, bedrails, etc.
• There are two types of housekeeping surfaces you will be charged with cleaning. Each will have different methods and frequency of cleaning.
1.HIGH TOUCH Housekeeping Surfaces
2.MINIMAL HAND CONTACT Surfaces
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• Surfaces that are frequently touched by patients and staff that require more frequent cleaning.
• Examples:
• Doorknobs, bedrails, light switches, wall areas around toilets in patient rooms, edges of privacy curtains, etc
HIGH TOUCH SURFACES
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• These surfaces must also be cleaned but not as frequently.
• Examples:
• Floors, Walls, ceilings
MINIMAL TOUCH SURFACES
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HOW YOU PROTECT WHEN YOU ARE DEALING WITH BIOHAZARD MATERIALS
• Special precautions have to be followed when dealing with materials contaminated with blood or other bodily fluids.
• Blood or other bodily fluids may contain disease causing micro-organisms (pathogens) that can be transmitted to others that come in direct contact.
• The Blood borne pathogens act was implemented to protect workers from potentially infectious diseases contracted from contaminated blood or other bodily fluids.
• Examples of Bloodborne pathogens:
• Hepatitis B Virus
• HIV-1 Virus (AIDS Virus)
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BLOOD BORNE PATHOGENS
• Blood borne Pathogen Safety Precautions
• Always assume blood or bodily fluid spills are contaminated.
• To clean, first obtain proper personal
• protective equipment. Disposal of cleaning materials such as rags, sponges, paper toweling, absorbents, should be placed into a red Bio-hazard bag.
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Cleaning Up Bodily Fluid SpillsContaminated work surfaces and/or spills shall be decontaminated with an appropriate disinfectant.
1. Clean up gross filth by collecting with an absorbent material.2. Spray surfaces with recommended agent of your Hospital3. Clean surface. 4. Re-apply recommended chemicals, allow surface to remain
wet for 10 minutes.
Remember:
Always wear personal protective gearand dispose of cleaning materials properly.Your supervisor will instruct you on specificprocedures.
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OUR GOAL TO ACHIEVE THE SAFETY
• Working safely is important for your own protection as well as the protection of fellow employees, hospital staff, patients, and visitors.
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WHY WE NEED CLEANLINESS AND HYGIENE AT OUR HOSPITALS
• Patients can spread infectious viral and bacterial agents to others, they are also often more prone to contracting illnesses
• The spread of infections within a hospital is usually spread by person to person contact. Regular hand washing is essential to help prevent the spread of infection
• Infections can also be contracted by objects that are frequently touched by individuals. For the purposes of cleaning, these surfaces are referred to as “HIGH TOUCH’ surfaces and special emphasis is given to routine cleaning of these surfaces.
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DEFINING HYGIENE• Hand hygiene
• Performing hand washing, antiseptic hand wash, alcohol-based handrub, surgical hand hygiene/antisepsis
• Hand washing• Washing hands with plain soap and water
• Antiseptic hand wash• Washing hands with water and soap or other
detergents containing an antiseptic agent
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SITUATIONS MAY WARRANT DEDICATED WASHING
• Alcohol-based hand rub• Rubbing hands with an alcohol-containing
preparation
• Surgical hand hygiene/antisepsis• Hand washing or using an alcohol-based
hand rub before operations by surgical personnel
• Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care Settings. MMWR 2002; vol. 51, no. RR-16.
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• ALWAYS wash hands before entering a patient room. Not only does this protect the patients, it also protects YOU!
• Wear the appropriate safety equipment that irecommended for use with each chemical product you may be using.
ALWAYS WASH YOUR HANDS
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INDICATIONS FOR HAND HYGIENE
When hands are visibly dirty, contaminated, or soiled, wash with non-antimicrobial or antimicrobial soap and water.
If hands are not visibly soiled, use an alcohol-based hand rub for routinely decontaminating hands.
Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care Settings. MMWR 2002; vol. 51, no. RR-16.
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SPECIFIC INDICATIONS FOR HAND HYGIENE
• Before:• Patient contact
• Donning gloves when inserting a CVC
• Inserting urinary catheters, peripheral vascular catheters, or other invasive devices that don’t require surgery
• After:• Contact with a patient’s skin
• Contact with body fluids or excretions, non-intact skin, wound dressings
• Removing gloves
Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care Settings. MMWR 2002; vol. 51, no. RR-16.
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ADMINISTRATIVE MEASURES TO IMPROVE HAND HYGIENE
• Make improved hand hygiene an institutional priority
• Place alcohol-based hand rubs at entrance to patient room, or at bedside Provide HCWs with pocket-sized containers
Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care Settings. MMWR 2002; vol. 51, no. RR-16.
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SIMPLE HYGIENIC PRINCIPLES SAVES SEVERAL LIVES
FOLLOW ME FOR MORE ARTICLES OF INTEREST ON ISSUES ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES
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• Programme Created by Dr.T.V.Rao MD on Basic Principles of Hygiene and
Cleanliness in our Hospital Environment • Email