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Drive InterfaceIDE interfaceInterface connectionPower connectionJumpers1

An ESDI Drive ChainDrive 1Drive 020-pin data34-pin controlESDI controller2IDE Drive Controller Circuitry

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SCSI ChainHBAInternal driveExternaltape driveExternal CD-ROM drive4ST-506/ST-412ESDISCSI-ISCSI-IISCSI-IIIIDEEIDEUltra DMAInterface Comparisons5A Video Card

6AdapterDescriptionMonochrome Display Adapter (MDA)MDA provides the minimum display configuration for IBM and IBM-compatible computers. This standard provides a text-only display.Hercules Graphics Card (HGC)HGC was able to produce high-resolution graphics (720x348), as well as text on monochrome monitors. It is also referred to as the Hercules Graphics Adapter (HGA).Color Graphics Adapter (CGA)The first color graphics display configuration for IBM and IBM-compatible computers. This standard displays 16 colors in text and graphics mode.Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA)Enables you to upgrade an adapter from MDA or CGA and use your old monochrome or RGB monitor. With the old monitors, EGA emulates CGA and MDA adapters and provides higher resolution.Video Graphics Array (VGA)Uses an analog signal rather than a digital signal to control the display monitor. Analog circuits lend themselves to large numbers of variations, which make them ideal for color displays.Super and Ultimate VGASVGA and UVGA are higher-resolution versions of the VGA standard.Video Adapter Comparison7

Sound Card InterfacesLine inMicrophoneLine outGame port8

Sound Card Interface DevicesMIDI instruments can be connected to each other with MIDI connectorsA microphone connects to the MIC portSpeakers and headphones connect to the line out portJoystick port connectionsMIDI connectionsMIDI cables or to the computer through a device that connects to a computer port9

Sound Card Interface Devices (Cont.)Game controller connects to the game portCable with 1/8 jacks1/8 jack connects to the line in port

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Devices that Connect to the Game PortJoystickGame portMIDI adapterGame controller

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MIDI CablesThis device connects the MIDI cables to the game portA MIDI cable

12MIDI Instruments

13Modem

External ModemInternal Modem14An RJ-11 Jack

15PortIRQI/O AddressCOM10403F8 03FFCOM20302F8 02FFCOM30403E8 03EFCOM40302E8 02EFStandard Modem IRQs and I/O Addresses16CommandDescriptionATAttention used at the start of modem command lines.DTDial using touchtone.HHang up or disconnect.AAnswer.DPDial using pulse (rotary dial).,Paul (each comma is roughly 3 seconds by default).*70Disable call waiting.ZReset.A/Repeat. Repeats the last command. Often used to redial.+++Escape character sequence. Returns you to the command mode. The modem responds with OK to indicate that you are in command mode.OOnline. Often used after the escape character sequence to continue communication.Modem Commands17

RJ-11 jack plugs into modem

Connecting a ModemSerial cable from modem plugs into serial port on computer

Other end of RJ-11 jack plugs into wall jack18ProblemPossible CausesModem doesnt work.Message Modem Not Responding is displayed.Modem is not on the hardware compatibility list (HCL) for the operating system.Modem is not properly connected and powered on.Cannot connect to the ISP.Using the wrong phone number.Entering the user name and/or password incorrectly.Phone line is damaged, is not an analog line (is digital), or phones are down.ISP server is not responding.ISP server is down.Modem speed is set too high for the phone line conditions or for compatibility between the modem and the ISP modems.Connection is dropped.Call waiting was not configured and a call was received through call waiting.Some ISPs disconnect a connection after a certain period of inactivity.The modem cable or phone line got physically disconnected.Modem drivers need to be updated.The ISP made changes and the user needs to make changes to his or her settings to match.Common Problems with Modems19ProblemPossible CausesError messages when you attempt to make the connection.No Dialtone. This could be due to the phone line not being connected, there being a phone company problem with the line, or with settings on your modem. Also EMI and RFI can cause such problems.Dial-Up Networking Could Not Negotiate a Compatible Set of Network Protocols. This could be due to modem settings or to incompatibilities between you and the host into which you are attempting to dial.Busy signal.Make sure that the cables are not tangled, that the user is dialing properly, and that you can manually dial the number through HyperTerminal. Also, check that the phone company is not experiencing problems.Common Problems with Modems (Cont.)20