dr. kurt benirschke founder of cres/san diego zoo icr · 2017. 8. 17. · dr. kurt benirschke...
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Dr. Kurt Benirschke – Founder of CRES/San Diego Zoo ICR
Hawaiian crow Mississippi gopher frog Sumatran rhinoceros
Northern white rhinoceros black-footed ferret Pacific pocket mouse
Frozen early passage cell cultures constitute an expandable resource.
Access to chromosomes and karyotypes.
Sufficient quantity of DNA and RNA from small organisms for multiple sequencing libraries and different platforms.
Highest quality DNA extracts for improved genome assemblies.
Resource for functional studies, including receptor biology, cell signaling, disease investigation, etc.
Source for reprogramming to produce iPSC.
May be used for genetic rescue.
Reduced animal welfare concerns.
Future interests may be better served.
Why Save Cells?
Lithobates (Rana) muscosagenome project
Austin Mudd – UC Berkeley Beth Shapiro – UCSC
Natalie Catalyud – SDZG ICR Oliver Ryder – SDZG ICR
Cynthia Steiner – SDZG ICR Ed Green - Dovetail
Genomics
Mountain yellow-legged frog cells growing in culture
Carl Satore
https://www.flickr.com/photos/rubenstein_/
Shinya Yamanaka Kyoto University
Rosin Institute
~ 10,000 individuals
> 1,000 taxa
GenBank hits for >120 species
Number of Families
Amphibia: 12
Reptilia: 16
Aves: 64
Mammalia: 82
San Diego Zoo’s Frozen Zoo®
Northern white rhinoceros fibroblasts
Artiodactyls33%
Primates23%
Perissodactyls10%
Carnivores12%
Other mammals8%
Birds10%
Reptiles3%
Amphibians/Fishes1%
fibroblasts
Artiodactyla26%
Carnivora15%
Primates9%
Perissodactyla3%
Marsupials2%
Other Mammals25%
Aves11%Reptilia
8%
Amphibia1%
Reproductive cells
Barbara Durrant
Director, Reproductive Physiology Division,
San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research
Northern White RhinoStem Cell Project
Jeanne Loring
Marisa Korody
Strategy for Rescuing the Northern White Rhino
J. Saragusty et al, Zoo Biology 2016
Contributions of the Frozen Zoo® to Genome 10K and Other Genome Projects
whole genome sequencing projects so far:
amphibian species (incomplete)
reptile species
avian species (including one of the highest quality assemblies)
mammalian species
BGI; Dovetail; Broad; PacBio (directly; more indirect);
Swedish National Museum; Natural History Museum of Denmark;
Smithsonian Institution
Recipients and collaborators:
BGI; Broad Institute; Dovetail Genomics; Washington University; Univ. of
Washington; and Baylor Genome Centers; Penn State , Stanford, PacBio,
Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; Duke Univerisity; Univ of
Hawaii, UC Davis.
Primate sample requests (2011-6) species # requests
chimpanzee 77 bonobo 133 gorilla 175 orangutan
(2 species) 173 gibbons (all
taxa) 88 great and lesser ape
total 646 Old World Monkey 317 New World
Monkey 241 Prosimian 132 Primates total 1346 ~36% of all requests
Approximately 290 institutions requested and received samples. Since 1980, approximately 3695 requests for species-level requests were received and fulfilled. NCBI lists 28 primate taxa for which San Diego Zoo Global provided the samples that were the source for the nucleotide sequence information.
Source: National Human Genome Research Institute, National Center for Biotechnology
Information. Data as of October 2015. downloaded from merrilledge.com/
Before long all
biological
sciences will
incorporate
genomic
analyses
Marlys Houck
Julie Fronczek
Cat Avila
Marisa KorodyAnn Misuraka
Not pictured: Suellen J. Charter
Cynthia Steiner
Asako Navarro
Lindsay Sidak-Loftis
Tate Tunstall
Leona
Chemnick
Heidi Davis
Our efforts are focused in 8 key
areas:
Conservation GeneticsSustaining and restoring genetic diversity through bioresource banking and research
Reproductive SciencesApplying innovative science and technology to enhance reproduction
Population SustainabilityIntegrating behavior and ecology to ensure population viability
Disease InvestigationsRemoving disease as a roadblock to conservation
Plant ConservationWorking across scientific disciplines to save rare plants
Recovery EcologyAdaptively managing and restoring species to the wild
Community EngagementDriving conservation action through science education and community collaborations
Global PartnershipsBuilding collaborations with key partners to achieve shared conservation goals.
Nola
March 3, 2016