Sericulture in China and Promotion in the Regional

Sericulture Training Centre For Asia-Pacific(RSTC)

Dr. Ji_Ping Liu

Sericulturist of National Modern Agro-Industry Tech. Research System,

Guangzhou 510642,China

2010-11-12Matanzas, Cuba

Content

1. Brief information of silk&worms in

China

2. Introduction of RSTC

3. Individual Research and Interests

4. Cooperation with Cuba and all

Sericulture Institutes

Silk in China

• China is the cradle of the world’s sericulture, and it has a long history of 5000 years.

• As early as two thousand years ago, it was called the “silk country”. Now, China is the largest silk producer and exporter in the world.

Silk country, Seri China

6900ys ago, silkworm marked in elephant cup

2000ys ago, silk clothes was only 49.5g

Silk in the world

Chi na68%

I ndi a20%

Brazi l4%

Other6%

Thai l and2%

Sericulture in China

• In 2007,Mulberry lands 952 K hm2 ，

Cocoon production 779 K

tons ， Raw silk 108 K

tons ， occupying the 75% cocoon

marketing in the world.

Sericulture in China

2000-2008 Nati onwi de Outputs of si l kworm Cocoons

45. 4652. 06 51. 59 48. 15

54. 7161. 61

73. 9778. 48

68. 24

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008Years

Output(10,000tons)

图 5 ： 2008 年 8 月 -2009 年 8 月干茧价格走势图 Change of Dry cocoon Price

图 6 ： 2008 年 8 月 -2009 年 8 月生丝（ 3A ）价格走势图 (Change of Raw silk price)

34%East China

34%South China

18%

West South China

Mid10%

4%

Tasar

Silkworm industry distribution in China

North West China

0

5

10

15

20

25

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

年份

产量

（万

吨）

江苏广西四川浙江

Cocoon productions Changes in main sericulture provinces

within 1996 to 2006

18.57 万吨

2006 年

Fresh Cocoon harvest in per unit land in different provinces, China

图 3 2003 年全国主要蚕区 (1/15 hm2) 桑园单位面积产茧量

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

全国 湖北 四川 安徽 山东 浙江 广西 江苏 广东

单位面积产茧量（ kg ）

Guangdong

China

1500kG/hectre

34% Sericulture in South China 福福 建建省省

海南省海南省

GuangxiGuangxi GuangdongGuangdong

Sericulture in Guangdong

• Guangdong Province is one of the major silk-producing and marketing regions in the country.

• Owing to its adequate climatic conditions and to the traditional techniques, the production of silkworm cocoons per hectare stands in the world’s.

• The techniques of mulberry planting and silk producing in the province are comparatively adaptable to tropical and subtropical zones.

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003

Area of Mulberry Field (Hectare)

Silkworm Eggs (Sheet)

Produced Cocoons(Ton)

Purchased Cocoons(Ton)

Year

Fig. 1. Basic Sericulture Data of Guangdong (1993-2004)

Sericulture in Guangdong

Guangdong is centre

Sericulture in SCAU/RSTC

• In Nov. 1982, to promote the sericulture development and technical cooperation among the developing countries,

• UNDP, FAO and the Chinese Government co-sponsored the Regional Sericulture Training Centre for Asia-Pacific (RSTC) in the South China Agricultural University (SCAU),Guangzhou,China.

• With a view to assisting those countries interested in sericulture by training personnel in S & T and management in this field.

Staff in RSTC

• In the Sericulture training center, There are now 14 permanent staffs,and 3 Prof.s, 7 Assoc.Prof. and 4 lectures.

• 8 Ph.D

• 6 Ph.D students,

• 45 MS.C

Chain of SericultureChain of Sericulture桑

蚕

茧

丝

绸

Silkworm physiology and Bio-technology

How is the silk fibre

made?

PSG

MSG

Silkworm physiology and Bio-technology

Silkworm Genomic Project

18510 genes

Silkworm Diseases and its control

Nosema bombycis

Bacteria Disease

Disinfectant and Control

NPV polyhedron

2. Silkworm Disease and its control

Discover new pathogen from silkworms--Microsporidiosis

1. Vairimorpha Pilly,1976）

2. Pleisiophora Gurley,1893)

3. Thelohania Henneguy,1892）

4. Endoreticulatus （ Wan Y

J ， 1995）

5. Different spp. Of Nosema bombycis

Diversity in lifecycle/ virulence of isolates causing Pebrine

Cs Sichuan Cerace silkwormMG5 Guandong Bombyx silkwormPy Guandong Pieris silkwormMG1 Guandong Bombyx no VTMG4 Guandong Bombyx midgut avirulentMG2 Guandong Bombyx no VTNb Guandong Bombyx high VTMh7521 Hunan Bombyx high VT

Mh8535 Hunan Bombyx high VT

Nsp.S.litu

NbJP

NbS.deprav

NspC.suspe

NspMG1

NspP.rapae

Nsp3h India

NspM11

Nsp4m Indiia

VspM12

PspIW8201

Endoreticulous bombycis

NspAgrotin

N.sp dontai

NbJP D

N.tyriae

NbNIS611

NbCGS

NbY9101S.e

NbNIS408

NbNIS520

NspP.armat

NspH.armig

Nbombycis taiwan

NbNUIW8401

NspH.atril

N. bombycis Zhenjian

N.A.mylitt

Nsp2r-India

Nsp1s India

Endoriticulous sp.Wuxi

Nosema granulosis

Nosema furnacalis

Vairimorpha imperfecta

Nosema tyriae

MG5

Nosema bombycis

Nosema bombycis

Nosema bombycis

Nosema sp.

Vairimorpha sp.

Mh8535

MG4

Mh7521

N.B

Nosema cernanae

Vairimorpha necatrix

Nosema necatrix

Nosema oulemae

C.S

Nosema sp.

P.R

MG2

Vairimorpha sp.

Nosema sp.

Nosema portugal

Microsporidium sp.

Nosema vespula

Vairimorpha lymantriae

Vairimorpha sp.

Nosema apis

Nosema apis

Within genus variation in parasites

Silkworm Bio-technology

cellular and molecular biology

Silkworm Bio-technology

3. Mulberry Cultivation and Breeding and pest control

伦 40 试 11 粤诱 33

Mulberry Variety

新 1

塘 31 大 10 任抗 1 号苗 66

4. Silkworm Rearing & breeding

Collaborating to rear young larvae

4. Silkworm Rearing & breeding

Cocoon and Silk Reeling

Reeling Factory

7. Silk Costume/ Designs Dresses

Application of natural colorful cocoon

Cocoon flower

Application of natural cocoon in Bed

Silk decorative Cover for a bed (Quilt)

Utilization Mulberry and silkworm

Reusing the Rearing house and facilities

Utilization silkworm pupae

Pupae for tablePupae protein

Application the Antibacterial peptide in

poultry and cattle

Mulberry processing products

S&T promotion

Training Lectures for technicians in Guangdong,May,2009

S&T promotion

Lectures for Egyptian Sericulture Scientists

in Guangdong,May,2005

Lectures for Indo Sericulture Scientists

in Bogor 2008

Course in RSTC • The curriculum for the field offered

includes:• Mulberry Cultivation,• Silkworm Rearing, • Silkworm pathology, • Silkworm egg production,

• (optional)

Special topics (optional)• Silkworm Anatomical Physiology,• Silkworm Genetics and Breeding, • Mulberry Genetics and Breeding, • Prevention and Control of Mulberry Plant disease

s and insect Pests, • Marketing of Silkworm Cocoons and Cocoon Dryi

ng, • Processing of Raw silk......

Activities in RSTC • During 1982-2009, 21 training sessions have bee

n sponsored by FAO. • With more than 300 participants from 25 count

ries, mostly from Asia-Pacific Regions, and partly from Middle East, Africa and Latin America.

Sericulture Activities in RSTC/SCAU

Cooperation------YOUR and MY FUTURE！

1.S&T cooperation and promotion

Lectures for Egyptian Sericulture Scientists in Guangdong,May,2005

Demo in Egyptian Sericulture Farm in Fayum,June,2004

2. International cooperation

Asia-Pacific Silkworm Scientists Grouping Picture in Korea , 06 － 10

3. International Exchange

Korean Scientists coming, 07 － 5

Staffs from RSTC in APSERI 2008,Japan

International Exchange

Director of International Affairs office of Purdue Unive

rsity in Our Lab,08 － 03

RSTC silkworm visiting in Indo Vice President house, 08 － 05

Indonesian Vice President’s Madam Coming RSTC. 2007

Silkworm Lectures and exchanges with/from USA

• 美国圣道大学Richard教授来讲学

USA Dr. James Becels introduction silkworm Pebrine diseases

Present Activities in RSTC

• Leeds University, UK. • Tokyo University, Najoya University, Juba Universi

ty, etc. Japan • Thaksin University, Thailand• Bengal• National Department of Agriculture, Egypt• Bandung University, Indonesia• Turkey• Indonesia IPB• Suwon Uni.，Korea • Vietnam Sericulture Research Centre

Construction Cooperation Net

1982-2001

22 countries over 300 trainees

Construction Cooperation Net

2002-3

Inland cooperation

Construction Cooperation Net

Egypt

2006-4

Construction Cooperation Net

Egypt

2008-9

Thailand/Vietnam

Korea

Indonesia

Japan

Construction Cooperation Net

Egypt

2010-11

Vietnam

Cuba

Course in RSTC • The curriculum for the field offered

includes:• Mulberry Cultivation,• Silkworm Rearing, • Silkworm pathology, • Silkworm egg production,

• (optional)

Optional for Australian

The others

• Collaborating to foster Ms.C and Ph.D students in SCAU;

• E.g., share courses, and research work in two sides laboratory /Institute

The world head of states during conference in Bogor

wearing batik silk shirt

Role of Sericulture

Generating employment opportunities

Increasing agricultural land use efficiency

Promoting community diversification

in agriculture and rural trade

Helping foreign exchange saving

The main constrains and solution for sericulture development in deve

loping Countries

1. Technology

2. Land productivity

3. Labour productivity

4. Reeling machines5. Marketing

The main constrains and solution for sericulture development in deve

loping Countries

The main constrains and solution for sericulture development in deve

loping Countries

What can RSTC do for you?

1. Fast growing and high yielding mulberry cultivation techniques

2. Breeding silkworm varieties of good resistance and good silk quality

3. Labour saving rearing techniques4. New disinfectants and integrated control of

silkworm diseases5. Cocoon grading, pricing and drying

techniques6. Utilization of silkworms and mulberry

Cooperation between RSTC and Institutes in Cuba and LatinAmerican

1. Jointly implement the sericulture project in Cuba under the international funds

2. Feasibility report and agreement on cooperation

3. Training for trainers and training for farmers

4. Demonstration farm and Technical extension

5. Supply of silkworm eggs and Mulberry seeds/seedlings to the farmers

6. Exchange experts and students

Results

Contact in RSTC

Director of RSTC: Prof. Zhang Yong Liang

• Add: South China Agricultural University,

Wu Shan, Guangzhou 510642, China

• Contact Person: Dr. Liu Ji Ping（刘吉平）

• Tel /Fax:+ 86-(0)20-85281459

• E-mail: liujiping@scau.edu.cn