Download - World War 2
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World War Two, 1941-1945
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Main Points
Causes of WarU.S. Entry into ConflictImpact on Society, Economy,
PoliticsMain EventsEnd of the War
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An Unstable World
Global DepressionNew Countries in Europe(Inter)National DebtU.S., Japan, German ExpansionNo International Organizations
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Germany and the U.S. Hitler elected leader of GermanyExpansion into Rhine River, FR-G
BorderU.S. NeutralityItaly into Ethiopia 19351937: Italy, Germany & Japan signed
Anti-Comintern Act, against Russia
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German Expansion
1938 Nazis entered AustriaSacrificed Czechoslovakia for
“Peace” with Hitler1939 total invasion of Czech1939 G-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact1939 G-invaded PolandBR & FR declare war
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U.S. Response
Slow and contradictory1941 Lend-Lease to alliesMilitary modernizationAwareness of German expansionAmerican embargo and quarantine
of Japan in PacificDecember 7, 1941: Pearl Harbor
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Burning Ships in Pearl Harbor
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A Global WarEuropean TheaterPacific TheaterWar in Mediterranean, North AfricaAll of British possessions in India
and AustraliaTotal War for U.S. Fear of invasion
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Yellow = AlliesPink = AxisOrange = Axis controlledCream = Neutral
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A Total WarWar MobilizationFederal Control of the EconomyWestward Shift of people and
industrySacrifice and PatriotismMillions of men to war
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Building Support for WarOffice of War InformationWar as fight for American
Way of Life, freedomCensorshipOnly positive imageshttp://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=A4o0kVX7iNc&feature=related
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War Propaganda
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Masculinity and War
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Women in IndustriesIndustries vacated by soldiersSingle & Married45% of workers in shipbuildingWomen’s “duty” to work on the
“home front” while men were “away” fighting
High wages, freedom, enjoyment, personal pride
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Rosie the Riveter
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Women in the War 140,000 in WACS 100,000 in Navy
WAVES Challenge to gender
roles and norms Women’s freedom
and independence
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Gendered Propaganda
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Women = Home = Homefront
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African Americans
Segregated Units125,000 into San
Francisco & OaklandHousing & school
shortages Segregation in schools
increased
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German Expansionism Two fronts
Western Europe & France
Russia Blitzkrieg and massive
industrial output Air Raid on England Control of Northern Africa
through Italy
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Allied SuccessesBattle of Coral Sea, May 1942
Pacific SuccessBattle of Midway, June 1942
Overturned J- SupremacyBattle of El Alamien, Fall 1942
Northern AfricaOperation Torch, May 1943
Eisenhower’s invasion
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Hitler Weakens
Turned east and tried to invade Russia
Stalled for months, winter hit, millions died August 1942-February 1943
Hitler pulled out of Russia and lost momentum in war
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The End is Near
Operation Overlord, Summer 1944Second Western frontLanded in FranceBeaches of NormandyD-Day, June 6, 19442 million participatedLiberated Paris
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D-Day June 6, 1944
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End of the War Germany Surrounded Island Hopping in
Pacific February 1945: Yalta
Conference (UKR) Britain: Churchill Russia: Stalin US: Roosevelt
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Race and the War
Home frontSegregated UnitsA. Philip Randolph Fair Employment
Practices Commission
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Zoot-Suit Riots 1940s LA Death of a Mex. Am
youth Police arrested,
convicted several for murder
Anti-Mexican riots Stripped “zoot-suiters”
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Japanese/American Internment
Executive Order 9066 on February 19, 1942
110,000 relocated to “War Relocation Camps”
150,000 in Hawaii 1944 US Supreme Court
supported it Over half were US citizens $1.6 billion in reparations
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Bracero Program
1942-1964 1 yr contracts paid Over 4 million Some $ kept by gov’t Racism and economic
exclusion
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Holocaust
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Holocaust
Over six Million killed in gas chambers & concentration camps
“Final Solution” U.S. State Department had
informationAnti-Semitism in U.S
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End of the War Roosevelt Died Poland Sacrificed to
Stalin Atomic Testing “Manhattan Project” $2 billion = $20 billion
today Trinity Test Site, NM
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Post-War Situation Japan
Truman agreed to dropping two Atomic Bombs Hiroshima & Nagasaki, 1945 Nearly 120,000 died immediately
USSR Roughly 25-35 million dead Fear of Germany Suspicion of the U.S. Control over eastern Europe
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ContinuedWorld Economy
International Monetary Fund Investment, loans, economic growth
World Politics United Nations Security Council Member nations Debate, conflict resolution
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Significance
Ended the Great Depression Migration to the American West New economic opportunities for Women and
People of Color Brief unity and ongoing racism Defeat of Nazis and crippled Germany Destroyed Europe U.S. and Soviet Union became superpowers