Pàgina
Unlocking DTT in Africa and the Middle East - a model for efficient switchover ITU - EBU by: Giuseppe Flores d’Arcais
October 27th, 2016
A
B
C
D
E
Benefits of citizens of anticipated
analogue switch-off
Value of spectrum
Benefits:
Broadcaster opportunity costs of
Analogue-digital simulcast
Social costs of adapting non-voluntary
households
Communication-, infrastructure- and
project management costs
Costs:
A D B C E + + ( ) - ( ) + Net Present Value Σ =
Introduction
DTT switchover - aggregate value to society
2
Introduction
Common barriers to switchover
3
lack of perceived
value
limited services
offer
unwillingness to upgrade
HH
limited consumer take-up
installed base can’t
handle premium services
purchase of basic zappers
lack of D-Book
specification poor Ux &
interoperability issues
Introduction
Common barriers to switchover
4
Lack of switchover planning
Obsolete audio-visual legislation & regulation
Insufficient territorial coverage
Resistance from existing broadcasters
“Competition” from free to air (foreign) DTH services
Lack of perceived value by citizens
Obsolete (MDU) antenna installations
Industry stakeholder motivation
Introduction
Keys to successfull switchover
5
User / consumer motivation
6
Introduction
Efficient DTT switchover model
pri
ce
$ / m
on
th
Introduction
Efficient DTT switchover model
7
0.-
HI-END PAY TV (DTH, IPTV, CABLE)
FTA ANALOGUE
TERRESTRIAL TV
Nr. of channels
size = nr of people
FTA DTH
FTA & PAY-LIGHT
DTT
PAY TV
FTA TV
8
BROADCAST
DATACAST
A new model for DTT switchover
Key elements - cross-MUX datacasting & autorec
UH
V /
VH
F f
req
ue
ncy
9
A new model for DTT switchover
Push VOD / dripfeed scenarios 1
UH
F F
RE
QU
EN
CY
(20
Kp
bs
)
18 h
1 service
1.8 Kpbs = 1 linear channel
° ° ° ° °
1 Mpbs
6 h
1 service
1 service
1 service
1 U
HF
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y
(20
Kp
bs
)
18 h
1 service
1.8 Kpbs = 1 linear channel
° ° ° ° °
1 Mpbs
6 h
1 service
1 service
1 service
VOD
1 U
HF
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y
(20
Kp
bs
)
18 h
1 service
1.8 Kpbs = 1 linear channel
° ° ° ° °
1 Mpbs
6 h
1 service
1 service
1 service
1 U
HF
FR
EQ
UE
NC
Y
(20
Kp
bs
)
18 h
1 service
1.8 Kpbs = 1 linear channel
° ° °
3 Mpbs
6 h
1 service
1 service
1 service
: DATACASTING : BROADCASTING
19 Mpbs
14 Mpbs 17 Mpbs
A new model for DTT switchover
Service configurations
10
FTA ENCRYPTED
AUTOREC
DATACAST
1 2
3 4
11
BROADCAST
DATACAST
A new model for DTT switchover
Key elements - Virtual Channels
VIRTUAL CHANNEL
A new model for DTT switchover
Services overview
12
3. SDP
1. LINEAR FTA
1. HARD DISC
4. LINEAR PREMIUM
5. VOD PREMIUM
7. VIRTUAL CHANNELS
6. VOD PUBLIC SERVICE
1. PLAY-OUT
2. DOUBLE TUNER
8. SIM / MODEM
9. NON-LINEAR OTT
A new model for DTT switchover
Services overview
13
1. LINEAR TV FEEDS: - FTA - PREMIUM
8. LINEAR PROGRAM GRID - CHANNELS - VIRTUAL CHANNELS
9. ON DEMAND CATALOGUE
3. PUBLIC SERVICE CONTENT
4. LOCAL CONTENT
5. BRANDS
6. MARKETING PARTNER / MNO
7. OPEN WEB
2. VOD CATALOGUE
14
15
16
A new model for DTT switchover
Key service elements
Extended SDP: SVOD, Push-VOD, Autorec, Virtual channels
Non-linear public service; Education, Health
Local content
D-Book, Local manufacturing / assembly
MNO involvement
Brand channels, content marketing and targeted advertising
1/3
consumer
1/3
1/3
1/3 1/3
A new model for DTT switchover
Business model
17
• HDD ALLOCATION:
• 20% PUBLIC SERVICE
• 20% BRANDS
• target advertising
• brand channels & content marketing
• 60% PSB & PRIVATE TV SERVICES
$ 35.-
paid for by:
40%
“Operator”:
- broadcaster
- ,, consortium
- dedicated operator
- MUX operator
- brand partner
- MNO
1/3
rights
MGs
SVOD / TVOD $
• HDD ACCESS FEE
• VIRTUAL CHANNEL FEE / USER
A new model for DTT switchover
Business model
18
$ 35.-
1/3
1/3
1/3
paid for by:
40%
1/3
1/3
SVOD / TVOD
$ MNO
DTT switchover
project office
rights
MGs
A new model for DTT switchover
Business model
19
$ 35.-
1/3
1/3
1/3
paid for by:
40%
1/3
1/3
SVOD / TVOD
$ MNO
DTT switchover
project office
rights
MGs
20
A new model for DTT switchover
Business model elements
Recurring SVOD revenues
2 price point model: entry level & hi-end
Various HDD solutions possible
Hybrid DTT-OTT version: further monetisation opportunities
Recurring HDD access fees
Localisation
Business-to-business
A new model for DTT switchover
Value drivers
21
A new model for DTT switchover
Cost drivers
22
Cable & IPTV DTH DTT
Infrastructure
costs
Content
Delivery
costs
Overall
Platform
costs
23
A new model for DTT switchover
Other considerations
Content production, local content sindication
Local STB manufacturing / assembly
DTH programme for last coverage % or hi-end version
Mobile-first extension
24
A new model for DTT switchover
Regulatory aspects
Licencing regime: Free vs Pay
License object: content, channel, frequency
Mux operator, value added services provider
Transmission standards, 4K, UHD, D-Book, interoperability
Switchover legislation, -regulation, -project & -task force
regulation in support of pluralism, diversity and local content
26
A new model for DTT switchover
Consumer / citizen positioning
Access to
public services
“More services”
“Better quality /
HD”
“Portable TV”
“Ease of use” “Free quality TV”
27
Ingest
third party
channels
Schedu-
ling &
Play-Out
Ingest
VOD
content
Channel
Encrypt
(CAS)
Service
encapsu-
late
M U X
Ad
Server
Video
Staging Adaptive
streaming
SMS OSS /
BSS
SDP
Payment
handling
Audience
Measurem.
MAM /
NAS
Pre-
encrypt
(DRM)
Provision /
Key
generation
CRM
Segmen-
tation
Recommen-
dation CDN
Third
party
content
: New SDP modules
: Existing SDP modules
: OTT extension
: optional
STB NL service
provisio-
ning
A new model for DTT switchover
System overview
28
A new model for DTT switchover
System overview
Introduction
Keys to successfull switchover
29
DVB-T switchover Spain
MINISTERIO
DE INDUSTRIA, TURISMO
Y COMERCIO
30
• After the first wave of successful analogue-to-digital television switchover projects, a large group of ITU member states is now starting to prepare for DTT switchover. While the level of preparation and starting conditions for fast and smooth switchover differs widely between the different countries, most countries are now aware that a serious project approach is required and that further postponing of the process is no longer possible.
• The switchover to DTT is considered by most countries because it can bring important benefits to citizens, industry and and governments:
• While DTT presents clear opportunities to most countries, only few have come to grips with the actual process that should be implemented to facilitate the switchover.
BENEFITS TO CITIZENS:
- Increased channel offer
- Reduction of the digital divide
- Improved picture-and sound quality
- Portability of television services
- New television services
- New services for people with disabilities
- Channels for linguistic & cultural minorities
- Protection & strengthening of local TV
BENEFITS TO INDUSTRY:
- Boost to the content production industry
- Stimulation of demand for
television sets and set-top boxes
- Upgrade of antenna installations
BENEFITS TO GOVERNMENT:
- Opportunities to improve public service
and local / national television
- Improved service for citizens and
industry in general
- Opportunity to put order to
spectrum utilisation
- Freeing up of spectrum capacity
- Channel for eGovernment services
Managing the switchover to digital terrestrial broadcast
Introduction
31
• While rapid DTT switchover brings important social and economic benefits, in practice these are hardly obtained, as switchover turns out to be a slow and complex endeavour. Too many regulatory authorities have set ambitious switch-off dates without really contemplating how to achieve them and a growing number of authorities have had to revise the switch-off date, with serious consequences for the credibility of the switchover project and significant social and economic costs.
• A DTT switchover project is a complex process that requires careful preparation and detailed planning. The complexity of a switchover project has various causes:
– First and foremost, DTT switchover is an enormous social event that requires the mobilisation of millions of households.
– DTT switchover is also a massive engineering effort requiring the upgrade or redesign of entire transmission networks
– Many different entities are involved in DVB-T switchover; governments, regulatory bodies, broadcasters, network operators, producers, antenna installation companies, consumer organisations, and many others.
– The shift from analogue to digital television multiplies the available number of TV channels, causing profound economic impact in the content industry
– DTT switchover occurs in a period of constant technological change
Managing the switchover to digital terrestrial broadcast
Introduction
32
% o
f D
TT
ho
use
ho
lds
4/2007 4/2010
Analogue switch-off
DTT penetration at start of project
Delay in DTT penetration
in case of no DTT switchover
planning
% o
f D
TT
ho
use
ho
lds
4/2007 4/2010
Analogue switch-off
Acceleration achieved
through project
Switchover Project Plan – main goals:
- Increase control of the process
- Increase speed of the process
Managing the switchover to digital terrestrial broadcast
Methodology
33
• In order to deal with the multiple dimensions of DTT switchover, we have developed a methodology that consists of 6 phases. The implementation of the methodology varies, depending on the status of digital broadcast in a country. Even if some countries may today have skipped some of the mentioned steps, a successful, efficient switchover requires governments and media authorities to address all aspects indicated below in some form.
VISION
MAPPING
Target A/V model
development
Target service
definition
2
DTT LAUNCH
PLANNING
Spectrum & network
Planning
Standardisation
3
DTT
LAUNCH
DTT
Introduction
4
Switchover
strategy definition
Switchover
planning
Legislative
design
SWITCHOVER
PLANNING
5
Switchover
Management
IMPLEMENTATION
ANALOGUE
SWITCH-OFF
6
Industry
analysis
Spectrum
analysis
ANALYSIS
1
Legislative
analysis
Managing the switchover to digital terrestrial broadcast
Methodology
34
Digital
Switch-on logic
Analogue
Switch-off logic
• After “switching on” DTT, the DTT “switch-off plan” (S.O.) had to be prepared. The S.O. plan has to cope with two opposing planning aspects: the top-down expansion of DVB-T transmitters and the bottom-up logic for analogue switch-off. The success of a S.O. plan depends, to a large extend, on how well these two opposing processes are managed..
Managing the switchover to digital terrestrial broadcast
Methodology
35
• In order to facilitate the project, S.O. has to be implemented around “manageable units” or Switchover Units (S.O. units).
• Each S.O. unit is a unique identifiable geographical area (and its corresponding transmitters), which:
– Is defined by analysing analogue broadcast network configuration and the dependencies between parents, child and peers in a broadcast network
– Can be considered a unity from a social point of view
– Can absorb project resources in an efficient manner
– Does not create to many interferences with boundary S.O. units
Transmitter
Network A
Transmitter
Network B
S.O.
Unit
Managing the switchover to digital terrestrial broadcast
Methodology
36
• The definition of S.O. units requires a detailed analysis of service areas of all analogue transmitters of a broadcast network…
Source:
Managing the switchover to digital terrestrial broadcast
Methodology
37
• The S.O. units are grouped into “switchover projects” (S.O. projects) that cover areas with between 100.000 and 500.000 inhabitants approximately…
Transmitter
Network A
Transmitter
Network B
S.O.
Unit 1
Transmitter
Network C
S.O.
Unit 2
S.O.
Project I
Managing the switchover to digital terrestrial broadcast
Methodology
38
S.O.
Units
Interference Roll-out
costs
S.O
Project
grouping
MDU
adaptation
effort
TECNICAL CRITERIA: SOCIO-ECONOMICAL CRITERIA:
Alternative
content
offer
Socio-
Political
priority
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
..
44
2
3
1
4
5
7
6
..
..
..
44
4
5
7
6
8
9
10
..
..
..
44
4
5
7
6
8
9
10
..
..
..
22
4
5
7
6
8
9
10
4
5
7
8
6
9
10
4
5
7
6
8
9
10
..
..
..
22
..
..
..
22
..
..
..
22
Final
order
4
5
7
6
8
9
10
..
..
..
22
S.O. Project 1
S.O. Project 2
S.O. Project 3
S.O. Project 4
Etc.
© Copyright Nextudio
• The S.O. units and S.O. projects are then prioritised on the basis of technical and socio-economical criteria…
Managing the switchover to digital terrestrial broadcast
Methodology
39
Pàgina Pàgina
Example S.O. unit
- Ayamonte
Methodology - tools used
1. Definition of Switchover Units
Pàgina Pàgina
Private TV coverage
areas -
Huelva Transmitter
Methodology - tools used
1. Definition of Switchover Units
Pàgina Pàgina
PT 1
Grouping of different
S.O. units into
S.O. Projects
Methodology - tools used
2. Definition of Switchover Projects
Pàgina Pàgina
Methodology - tools used
2. Definition of Switchover Projects
1/4/2007 1/4/2010
PT 1
31/12/2008 31/12/2007 31/12/2009
PT 2
PT 3
PT 4
PT 5
PT 6
PT 7
PT 8
PT 9
PT 10
PT 11
PT 12
PT 13
PT 14
PT 86
PT 87
PT 88
PT 89
PT 90
PT 91
PT 92
PT 93
PT 94
PT 95
PT 96
PT 97
PT 98
PT 99
PT 85
PT 84
PT 83
PT 82
PT 15
PT 16
Etc.
Grupo A:
14 PTs
< 500.000
habitantes / PT
Grupo B:
68 PTs
entre 500.000 y 700.000
habitantes / PT
Grupo C:
17 PTs
> 700.000 habitantes / PT
Fase 0 Fase 1 Fase 2 Fase 3
Managing the switchover to digital terrestrial broadcast
Methodology
44
Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 Model 5 Model 6
“MARKET”
“COMMUNICATION”
“COORDINATION +
COMMUNICATION”
“ACCELERATION”
“OBLIGATION”
“ANALOGUE
SWITCH-OFF”
ACELERATION MODELS SWITCH-OFF MODELS
Le
ve
l o
f in
terv
en
tio
n
Low
High
• The S.O. projects are managed towards complete switchover by implementing different project management models in which communication and industry coordination are gradually increasing the awareness and motivation for citizens and industry to switch…
© Copyright Nextudio
Managing the switchover to digital terrestrial broadcast
Methodology
45
• The author assists governments, media regulators and DTT project offices in the definition, planning, and implementation of Digital Terrestrial Television switchover plans.
• The services provided cover the following areas:
• For DTT switchover projects, we bring clients an experienced team of seasoned broadcast- and telecommunications professionals and a proven methodology for switchover planning.
✓ Digital switchover planning
✓ Economic analysis and business planning
✓ Legislative design
✓ D-Book development & Standardisation
✓ Institutional support & international coordination
Managing the switchover to digital terrestrial broadcast
Introduction
46
Introduction
Keys to successfull switchover
48
% o
fho
useh
old
s w
ith
DT
T
2018? ?
ASO
with new services
ASO
without new services
Switchover acceleration
because of value added services
2016
100%
Introduction
Efficient DTT switchover model
49
FTA TV Pay TV
Cost of service / month
40,- 0.-
Nu
mb
er
of
se
rvic
es
<10
10-40
40-80
>80
DTH
Cable
IPTV
Analogue TV
Unfeasible
value proposition
Unattractive
value proposition
? Efficient DTT model
opportunity