Understanding E-LearningFoundations for effective online teaching
Sanjaya Mishra, PhDReader in Distance EducationStaff Training and ResearchInstitute of Distance Education
I G N O UMaidan Garhi, New Delhihttp://www.learningindia.net/sm/CV.htm
What is e-learning?
(Source: © Sharma & Mishra, 2007)
Why e-learning is so popular? Access to educational resources from outside the
institution; Quick and easy way to create, update and revise course
materials; Increased interaction with student through e-mail and
discussion forums; Location and time independent delivery of course
materials; Multimedia capabilities enabling instructional designers
to prepare quality learning materials; Interactive and dynamic learning experience through
online assessment tools;
Why e-learning is so popular?
Platform independent delivery, accessible through any computer with a simple browser interface;
Increased learner control through hypertext based presentation of
information; Opportunities for international, cross-cultural and
collaborative learning; and Ability to serve a large number of students at a
potentially reduced cost.
Forms of E-Learning
Type 1Type 1 Type 2Type 2 Type 3Type 3
Web integrated in the classroom to supplement teaching
Web used in a mixed mode (as blended learning)
Web used independently as a stand alone system
Characteristics of e-Learning
E-Learning
Interactive Learning
ICT Support & Management
Student Centred Learning
Flexible & Self-paced Learning
Adaptive Learning
Resource based Learning
Collaborative Learning
Instructional strategies
• Information presentation• Guidance and collaboration • Drill and practice• Feedback• Reflective thinking• Discovery learning• Assessment• Use of audio, video and simulations
Framework for Designing Online Environment
(Source: © Mishra, 2002)
Learning activities
Learner supportContent
Behaviourism Cognitivism
Constructivism
Participation in discussion forumEmail contactReading of lessons
•Learner guide•Mentor support•Online library•Social interaction•Synchronous chat -counselling
•Objective-bsed couse units•Self-assessment online
Another Instructional Design Model
CONSTRUCT
REFLECTINTERACT
EXPERIENCE
(Source: © Sharma & Mishra, 2007)
Framework for Online Resources
(Source: Panda & Mishra, in progress)
Tools and Technologies
Group Chat, Discussion board
Group chat, Discussion board
MANY-TO-MANY
Conferencing Paradigm
E-mail, Mailing list, Discussion board
E-mail, Mailing lists, Discussion Forums
ONE-TO-MANY
Bulletin Board Paradigm
E-mail, Chat (social/learning)
E-mail, ChatONE-TO-ONE
E-mail Paradigm
Interactive Web pages, FAQs, Help
ONE-ALONE
WWW Paradigm
LEARNER-LEARNER
LEARNER-MENTOR
LEARNER-CONTENT
INTERACTION
METHOD
(Source: Mishra, 2001)
Teaching Online: A Model
LEARNIN
G
Am
ou
nt
of
inte
ract
ivit
y
1
4
3
2
5
Access and Motivation
Setting up system and accessingWelcoming and encouraging
DevelopmentSupporting, responding
Providing links
Knowledge Construction
Facilitating process
Conferencing
Information Exchange
Use of learning materials
Searching and personalizing
Online Socialization
Familiarization
Sending and receiving messages
(Source: Salmon, 2000)
Successful e-Learning Mantras
Target group identification, and their needs assessment Institutional preparedness (staff training/orientation;
technology readiness: hardware, software, server, LMS) Content preparation (media analysis, media sourcing and
development, integration and deployment) Delivery strategies (synchronous and asynchronous
facilities) Service orientation (24X7 help desk for technical,
administrative and academic issues)
Successful e-Learning Mantras
E-Learning: Effective Learning
Learner Centred TechnologyTeachers Content Pedagogy
THANK YOU
Your comments, questions are welcome. My sincere thanks to Kurukshetra University,
particularly to Dr. R.R. Rausaria, Director, DDE, KUK.