Download - Thesis Formatting
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+ UniKL MICET
FYP SEMINAR 2
THESIS FORMATTING
OCTOBER 2014
Prepared by:
KELLY YONG TAU LEN
29th October 2014
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+ Agenda 1. Typing and Font
2. Margins
3. Spacing
4. Numbering Chapters and Sub-sections
5. Pagination
6. Tables
7. Figures
8. Equations and Formulae
9. Reference Style
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+
Please refer and download from
UniKL MICET E-Learning homepage
(http://elearn.micet.unikl.edu.my/)
all the necessary guidelines & manuals.
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4 Typing and Fonts
Paragraphs must be JUSTIFIED and use font Times
New Roman Size 12
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+ Margins 5
For the entire thesis
including appendices, references,
preliminaries page, etc. the margins are:
Left (binding edge): 1.5 inch
Right: 1 inch
Top: 1 inch
Bottom: 1 inch
*There is 1 exception (2 inch margin for the
top of the 1st page of NEW CHAPTER)
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6 Spacing
1. Spacing throughout thesis must be 1.5 line spacing. This
includes:
i. Spacing between title of sub-section and first line of
text.
ii. Spacing between paragraphs.
iii. Spacing between last line of text and a table, or a figure
or an illustration.
2. 2 x 1.5 line spacing is needed for these cases:
i. Spacing between chapter number and title.
ii. Spacing between title and first line of text.
iii. Spacing between last line of text with title of a
subsection.
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7 Spacing 1. Number and title of sub-section should be aligned with the left
margin.
2. First line of paragraph should be indented by 0.5 inch from the
LEFT margin.
3. A new paragraph should NOT begin on the last line of a page
Start at
next page
First line: 0.5
inch indent
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+ Example: Cover Page 8
1.5
inch
1
inch
1 inch
1 inch
4 x single line
spacing
10 x single line
spacing
20 x single
line spacing
4 x single line spacing
Title
Name
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9 Example: Thesis Spine
AHMAD SAUFI MD YAAKOB UniKL 2008
0.1
inch
0.1
inch
Take note !
Correction from UniKL
Thesis Manual
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Food)
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Food
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Polymer
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Biosystem
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Bioprocess
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Environment
Bac. of Chem. Eng. Tech. (Hons) in Process
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10 Example: Front page
1.5
inch 1
inch
1 inch
1 inch
4 x single line
spacing
8 x single line
spacing
Title
Name
ID No
8 x single line
spacing
8 x single line
spacing
8 x single line
spacing
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11 Example: Front page
A thesis submitted in partial
fulfilment of the requirements for
the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering
Technology (Hons.) in Process
Take note !
Correction from UniKL
Thesis Manual
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Food
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Polymer
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Biosystem
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Bioprocess
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Environment
Bachelor of Chemical Engineering Technology (Hons.) in Process
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12 Example:
New
Chapter
(Take Note!)
1
inch
1 inch
1 inch
1 inch Note:
Exception
in margin!
First line:
0.5 inch
indent
2 x 1.5 line spacing
2 x 1.5 line spacing
1.5 line spacing
1.5 line spacing
2 x 1.5 line spacing
1.5
inch
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13 Numbering Chapters and
Sub-sections
1. All chapters and sub-sections must be labeled
and numbered.
2. The chapters are numbered using Arabic numeric
(Chapter 1, Chapter 2, etc.)
3. Sub-sections NO NEED to be indented but must be
arranged NOT more than 4 levels:
2 First level (Title of the chapter)
2.1 Second level (Title of the sub-section)
2.1.1 Third level (Title of the sub-sub-section)
2.1.1.1 Fourth level (Title of the sub-sub-sub-
section)
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14 Example:
New
Chapter
(Take Note!)
First level:
Chapter title
Second level:
Title of sub-section
Third level:
Title of sub-sub-section
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15 Pagination: Preliminary Pages Page numbers should be printed at the RIGHT bottom of page
(footer)
Preliminary pages of a thesis, starting from title page should be
numbered using small letter Roman numeric (i, ii, iii..).
The first page should be the front page. This page should be
counted i but should NOT be printed.
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+ Pagination: Preliminary pages 16
Counted as
i but NOT
printed
Front Page Preliminary Pages of
a Thesis
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17 Pagination: Texts The texts should be numbered using Arabic numerals
(1,2,3).
The first page of text should be counted 1 but the number
should NOT be printed.
Similarly, the 1st page of all chapters should be counted but
NOT printed
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18 Tables All tables must be numbered using Arabic numerals.
A caption should be positioned at the TOP of the table.
If caption is in a SINGLE line, it should be CENTRED. If
the caption more than a line, it should be ALIGN to
LEFT.
Table must be numbered with respect to the chapter.
For example, Table 3.5 is the 5th table that appears in
Chapter 3.
The caption Table and number must be in BOLD.
(Example: Table 4.1 Liquid constituents in LCMS)
Spacing between the last line of a text and a table or
table with the first line of text should be 1 x 1.5 line
spacing.
All tables must be listed in List of Tables page.
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+ Example: Tables
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>1 line:
Aligned to left
Single line:
Centred
1.5 line spacing
Remember: Table and
Number must be in Bold.
Example:
Table 4.1 Liquid constituents
quantified by HLC
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20 Example:
List of
Tables
1.5
inch
1
inch
1 inch
1 inch
4 x single line
spacing
4 x single line
spacing
2 x single line
spacing
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21 Figures
All figures must be numbered using Arabic numerals.
A caption should be positioned at the BOTTOM of the
figure.
If caption is in a SINGLE line, it should be CENTRED. If
the caption more than a line, it should be ALIGN to
LEFT.
Figures must be numbered with respect to the chapter.
For example, Fig. 3.5 is the 5th Figure that appears in
Chapter 3.
The caption Figure and number must be in BOLD.
(Example: Fig. 4.1 Liquid constituents in LCMS)
Spacing between the last line of a text and a figure
should be 1 x 1.5 line spacing.
All figures must be listed in List of Figures page.
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+ Example:
Figures
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1.5 line spacing
Remember: Fig. and Number
must be in Bold.
Example:
Fig. 4.1 Experimental
apparatus 1
>1 line:
Aligned to left
Single line:
Centred
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23 Example:
List of
Figures
1.5
inch
1
inch
1 inch
1 inch
4 x single line
spacing
4 x single line
spacing
2 x single line
spacing
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+ Equations and Formulae 24
Equations and formulae should be typed clearly
using appropriate Equation editor.
Must be numbered in order with respect to the
chapter.
For example Equation 6.11 is the 11th equation
appears in Chapter 6.
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+ 25 Equation Editor
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26 References
We are currently using APA (American
Psychological Association)
Referencing System.
Authors names are listed using
surname (Family name) followed by
initials.
We will focus on identifying surname
(family name) and also how to
reference journal articles, books and
online resources.
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27 References: Journal Articles In journal articles, the given names will most commonly be written first,
followed by the family name (or surname). For example below, the surname
is Savage. This journal only has 1 author.
In text citation: Savage (1999) reported that Water near its critical point can serve as an
environmentally benign solvent, a reactant, and a catalyst in organic chemical reactions
OR
The ion product, or dissociation constant for water as it approaches the critical point, is
about 3 orders of magnitude higher than it is for ambient liquid water (Savage, 1999).
Reference List: Savage, P.E. (1999). Organic chemical reaction in supercritical water. Chem. Rev. 99,
603621.
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28 References: Journal Articles For example below, the surnames are Xu and Lad. This journal has 2 authors.
In text citation: Xu and Lad (2008) concludes The yields of HO and WSO generally increased with
reaction time
OR
Their study established that Jack pine powder (with a caloric value of about
20 MJ/kg) was effectively upgraded into liquid organic products (Xu & Lad, 2008).
Reference List: Xu, C., & Lad, N. (2008). Production of heavy oils with high calorific values by direct
liquefaction of woody biomass in sub/near-critical water. Energy & Fuels. 22, 635642.
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29 References: Journal Articles
For example below, this journal has more than 2 authors.
In text citation:
The study by Take et al. (2006) concludes The steam explosion at a steam pressure of
4.51MPa and a steaming time of 5 min was the optimal pretreatment method
OR
Their study established that the production of methane gas from wood chips was
significantly enhanced by the pretreatment methods (Take et al., 2006).
Reference List: Take, H., Andou, Y., Nakamura, Y., Kobayashi, F., Kurimoto, Y., & Kuwahara, M. (2006).
Production of methane gas from Japanese cedar chips treated by various delignification
methods. Biochemical engineering journals. 28, 3035.
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30 References List: Book
Reference List: Felder, R.M., & Rousseau, R.W. (2000). Elementary Principles of Chemical
Processes. (3rd Edition). New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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31 References List:
Article in a Book
Reference List: Matsumura, Y., & Yong, T.L.K. (2014). Production of chemicals in supercritical water. In
Fang, Z., & Xu, C.C. (Ed), Near-critical and supercritical water and their applications for
biorefineries. (pg. 427437). New York: Springer
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32 References List: Source from Internet
Reference List: Sluiter, A., Hames, B., Ruiz, R., Scarlata, C., Sluiter, J. & Templeton, D. (2008).
Determination of ash in biomass. [Online]. [Accessed 28-10-2014]. Available from
world wide web: www.nrel.gov/biomass/pdfs/42622.pdf.
(www.nrel.gov/biomass/pdfs/42622.pdf).
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33 Reference List
1.5
inch 1
inch
1 inch
Take note !
Addition to the
UniKL MICET Thesis
Manual
1 x 1.5 line spacing
2nd line:
0.5 inch
indent
References
listed based
on
alphabetical
order
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34 Tips to manage references database
Suggestions:
Named the source file with the
name of the author(s) and title
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+ Thank You
Good Luck!
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