Download - The Labor Movement
Life of a Factory WorkerLife of a Factory Worker
Long HoursLong Hours Low PayLow Pay Few BreaksFew Breaks No Job SecurityNo Job Security Tenement LivingTenement Living Dangerous Dangerous
Working ConditionsWorking Conditions
Emergence of UnionsEmergence of Unions
Organizations of Organizations of workers created to workers created to improve wages & improve wages & working conditions.working conditions.
Existed since 1778Existed since 1778
Most Americans Most Americans dislike unionsdislike unions– Social DarwinismSocial Darwinism
Early UnionsEarly Unions National Labor Union (NLU)National Labor Union (NLU)
– Founded: 1866 - William Founded: 1866 - William SylvisSylvis
– Skilled & Unskilled workers, Skilled & Unskilled workers, farmers and reformersfarmers and reformers
– Excluded women & blacksExcluded women & blacks
– Membership: 600,000Membership: 600,000
– 8 Hour work day8 Hour work day
Early UnionsEarly Unions Knights of LaborKnights of Labor
– Founded: 1869 - Uriah Founded: 1869 - Uriah StephensStephens
– Secret SocietySecret Society
– Child labor, public ownership Child labor, public ownership of railroads, 8 hour work dayof railroads, 8 hour work day
– 1879 – Terence Powderly1879 – Terence Powderly
– Membership 700,000Membership 700,000
Early UnionsEarly Unions
American American Federation of Labor Federation of Labor (AFL)(AFL)– Founded: 1886 – Founded: 1886 –
Samuel GompersSamuel Gompers
– Skilled workersSkilled workers
– 1904 Membership: 1904 Membership: 1.75 million1.75 million
Why Unions?Why Unions?
Collective BargainingCollective Bargaining– Union & Management negotiate a Union & Management negotiate a
contract that includes: contract that includes: WagesWages HoursHours Working ConditionsWorking Conditions BenefitsBenefits Job SecurityJob Security
Tactics Used Tactics Used AgainstAgainst Unions Unions(Weapons of Business)(Weapons of Business)
Fire LeadersFire Leaders BlacklistsBlacklists Yellow-Dog Yellow-Dog
ContractContract InjunctionsInjunctions LockoutsLockouts StrikebreakersStrikebreakers Public OpinionPublic Opinion