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Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
The formation of the Solar System: The Nebula
Cloud of Gas (Nebula)Cloud of Gas (Nebula)Cloud of Gas (Nebula)Cloud of Gas (Nebula)
(SOLAR NUBULAR HYPOTHESIS)(SOLAR NUBULAR HYPOTHESIS)(SOLAR NUBULAR HYPOTHESIS)(SOLAR NUBULAR HYPOTHESIS)
---- Star exploded in spaceStar exploded in spaceStar exploded in spaceStar exploded in space…………. . . .
---- Began to spin the cloudBegan to spin the cloudBegan to spin the cloudBegan to spin the cloud
---- Began to compress cloudBegan to compress cloudBegan to compress cloudBegan to compress cloud
Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
The formation of the Solar System: Compression and Flattening
Gravity and Angular Momentum Gravity and Angular Momentum Gravity and Angular Momentum Gravity and Angular Momentum
---- Made cloud spin faster and compress more.Made cloud spin faster and compress more.Made cloud spin faster and compress more.Made cloud spin faster and compress more.
Similar to an ice skaterSimilar to an ice skaterSimilar to an ice skaterSimilar to an ice skater
who compresses herself.who compresses herself.who compresses herself.who compresses herself.
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Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
The formation of the Solar System: Heating
---- The cloud started to get:The cloud started to get:The cloud started to get:The cloud started to get:
---- FlatterFlatterFlatterFlatter
---- HotterHotterHotterHotter
---- Umm, just how HOT did it get ???Umm, just how HOT did it get ???Umm, just how HOT did it get ???Umm, just how HOT did it get ???
So hot that fusion begins and the Sun forms.So hot that fusion begins and the Sun forms.So hot that fusion begins and the Sun forms.So hot that fusion begins and the Sun forms.
Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
The formation of the Solar System.
---- Eventually chunks of gooey matter begin to Eventually chunks of gooey matter begin to Eventually chunks of gooey matter begin to Eventually chunks of gooey matter begin to stickstickstickstick to one anotherto one anotherto one anotherto one another
(Like gooey cookie dough)(Like gooey cookie dough)(Like gooey cookie dough)(Like gooey cookie dough)………… yum, yum !yum, yum !yum, yum !yum, yum !
•The matter comes together to make PLANETSThe matter comes together to make PLANETSThe matter comes together to make PLANETSThe matter comes together to make PLANETS…………
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Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
The formation of the Solar System: The Planets Form
The type of planets and whatThe type of planets and whatThe type of planets and whatThe type of planets and what
they are made of they are made of they are made of they are made of depend on temperaturedepend on temperaturedepend on temperaturedepend on temperature....
Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
The formation of the Solar System.
Closest to the sun:Closest to the sun:Closest to the sun:Closest to the sun: it is
too hot for anything but
solid planets of rock
and metal to exist.
Far away from the sun:Far away from the sun:Far away from the sun:Far away from the sun:
it is cool enough for
gasses to exist.
COOLERCOOLERCOOLERCOOLERWARMERWARMERWARMERWARMER
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Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
The formation of the Solar System.
COOLERCOOLERCOOLERCOOLERWARMERWARMERWARMERWARMER
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, NeptuneJupiter, Saturn, Uranus, NeptuneJupiter, Saturn, Uranus, NeptuneJupiter, Saturn, Uranus, NeptuneFar from the sun = mostly gas.Far from the sun = mostly gas.Far from the sun = mostly gas.Far from the sun = mostly gas.
MercuryMercuryMercuryMercury----VenusVenusVenusVenus----EarthEarthEarthEarth----Mars: Mars: Mars: Mars: Close to the sun = rocky, metal coresClose to the sun = rocky, metal coresClose to the sun = rocky, metal coresClose to the sun = rocky, metal cores
Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
The formation of the Solar System.
The remaining dust and gas The remaining dust and gas The remaining dust and gas The remaining dust and gas
from the nebula was blown from the nebula was blown from the nebula was blown from the nebula was blown
away by a solar wind.away by a solar wind.away by a solar wind.away by a solar wind.
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Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
Comets
Comets Comets Comets Comets
---- Ice, gasIce, gasIce, gasIce, gas, and a small amount of , and a small amount of , and a small amount of , and a small amount of dustdustdustdust
Comets move around the sun.Comets move around the sun.Comets move around the sun.Comets move around the sun.
Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
Comets
- Comets are invisible unless they are near the Comets are invisible unless they are near the Comets are invisible unless they are near the Comets are invisible unless they are near the sunsunsunsun becausebecausebecausebecause…………
- The temperature increases due to the suns The temperature increases due to the suns The temperature increases due to the suns The temperature increases due to the suns heatheatheatheat....
- The The The The iceiceiceice melts.melts.melts.melts.
- The gas and dust is The gas and dust is The gas and dust is The gas and dust is released and glowsreleased and glowsreleased and glowsreleased and glows....
- Solar winds push the Solar winds push the Solar winds push the Solar winds push the gasgasgasgas and and and and dust to form a taildust to form a taildust to form a taildust to form a tail....
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Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
Comets
The sun gives off a The sun gives off a The sun gives off a The sun gives off a
solar wind in all solar wind in all solar wind in all solar wind in all
directions.directions.directions.directions.
Tail always points Tail always points Tail always points Tail always points
away from the sun away from the sun away from the sun away from the sun
and itand itand itand it’’’’s solar wind.s solar wind.s solar wind.s solar wind.
Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
Comets
Tail always points Tail always points Tail always points Tail always points
away from the sun away from the sun away from the sun away from the sun
and itand itand itand it’’’’s solar wind.s solar wind.s solar wind.s solar wind.
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Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
Parts of a Comet
Nucleus: Nucleus: Nucleus: Nucleus: CenterCenterCenterCenter of a comet made of a comet made of a comet made of a comet made
of ice, gas, and dust.of ice, gas, and dust.of ice, gas, and dust.of ice, gas, and dust.ComaComaComaComa
NucleusNucleusNucleusNucleus
TailTailTailTail
Coma: thick Coma: thick Coma: thick Coma: thick cloudcloudcloudcloud of water, COof water, COof water, COof water, CO2222, , , ,
and dust that melts/sublimes out and dust that melts/sublimes out and dust that melts/sublimes out and dust that melts/sublimes out
of the nucleus.of the nucleus.of the nucleus.of the nucleus.
Dust Tail: Dust Tail: Dust Tail: Dust Tail: dustdustdustdust particles being particles being particles being particles being
pushed by the solar wind.pushed by the solar wind.pushed by the solar wind.pushed by the solar wind.
Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
Comets: Sent from the Oort Cloud
Comets formed from Comets formed from Comets formed from Comets formed from
leftover material during leftover material during leftover material during leftover material during
the formation of the solar the formation of the solar the formation of the solar the formation of the solar
system.system.system.system.
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Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
Comets: A meteor shower
When Earth passes through the When Earth passes through the When Earth passes through the When Earth passes through the
tail of a comettail of a comettail of a comettail of a comet, this is when we , this is when we , this is when we , this is when we
see see see see ““““shooting starsshooting starsshooting starsshooting stars”””” in a meteor in a meteor in a meteor in a meteor
showershowershowershower…………
THEY ARE NOT REALLY STARS!!!THEY ARE NOT REALLY STARS!!!THEY ARE NOT REALLY STARS!!!THEY ARE NOT REALLY STARS!!!
Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
Asteroids, Meteoroids, Meteors, and Meteorites
Asteroids Asteroids Asteroids Asteroids
---- Small chunks of rock or metal that revolve around the sun. Small chunks of rock or metal that revolve around the sun. Small chunks of rock or metal that revolve around the sun. Small chunks of rock or metal that revolve around the sun.
---- Most are found between Mars and Jupiter in the asteroid belt.Most are found between Mars and Jupiter in the asteroid belt.Most are found between Mars and Jupiter in the asteroid belt.Most are found between Mars and Jupiter in the asteroid belt.
---- Jupiter's high gravity keeps them there.Jupiter's high gravity keeps them there.Jupiter's high gravity keeps them there.Jupiter's high gravity keeps them there.
---- Often become moons around planets.Often become moons around planets.Often become moons around planets.Often become moons around planets.
2036: Asteroid :: Target 2036: Asteroid :: Target 2036: Asteroid :: Target 2036: Asteroid :: Target ���� EARTH EARTH EARTH EARTH ………… HOLY COW!HOLY COW!HOLY COW!HOLY COW!
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Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
Asteroids, Meteoroids, Meteors, and Meteorites
Meteoroid Meteoroid Meteoroid Meteoroid
---- Small chunks of rock SMALLER THAN AN ASTERIODSmall chunks of rock SMALLER THAN AN ASTERIODSmall chunks of rock SMALLER THAN AN ASTERIODSmall chunks of rock SMALLER THAN AN ASTERIOD
---- Revolve around the sun.Revolve around the sun.Revolve around the sun.Revolve around the sun.
Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
Asteroids, Meteoroids, Meteors, and Meteorites
MeteorMeteorMeteorMeteor
---- When a meteoroid comes into Earth AtmosphereWhen a meteoroid comes into Earth AtmosphereWhen a meteoroid comes into Earth AtmosphereWhen a meteoroid comes into Earth Atmosphere
---- Burns up and produces light streakBurns up and produces light streakBurns up and produces light streakBurns up and produces light streak
METEOR SHOWER:METEOR SHOWER:METEOR SHOWER:METEOR SHOWER:
1.1.1.1. Earth passes through a left over comets tail.Earth passes through a left over comets tail.Earth passes through a left over comets tail.Earth passes through a left over comets tail.
2.2.2.2. Meteoroids enter Earths atmosphere (now called meteor)Meteoroids enter Earths atmosphere (now called meteor)Meteoroids enter Earths atmosphere (now called meteor)Meteoroids enter Earths atmosphere (now called meteor)
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Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
Asteroids, Meteoroids, Meteors, and Meteorites
MeteoriteMeteoriteMeteoriteMeteorite
---- When a meteor makes it to EarthWhen a meteor makes it to EarthWhen a meteor makes it to EarthWhen a meteor makes it to Earth’’’’s surface without burning up.s surface without burning up.s surface without burning up.s surface without burning up.
---- MAKES IMPACT. CRASH, BOOMMAKES IMPACT. CRASH, BOOMMAKES IMPACT. CRASH, BOOMMAKES IMPACT. CRASH, BOOM…………
Mr. Fetch’s Earth Science Classroom
Meteor Crater, Winslow Arizona