Teaching Methods in Medical Education
INTRODUCTION
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Student centered Problem based Integrated Community oriented Continuing Elective Systematic
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• Student-centered vs Teacher-centered • Problem-based vs Subject-based • Integrated vs Discipline-based • Community-based vs Hospital-based • Continuing vs Pregraduate education • Elective vs Standard program • Systematic vs Opportunistic
Harden RM, Sowden S. Educational strategies in curriculum development: The SPICES model. Med Educ 1984;18:284-297.
SPICES
Lecture Small group session
PBL Case study
Morning report Journal club Project and Research Lab teaching دکتر محمود رضا دهقانی
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Classroom Hospital wards Clinics Laboratory Skill labs Physicians’ offices Rural areas Library Patients’ homes Students’ homes Virtual settings
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USING EDUCATIONAL METHODS IN
DIFFERENT SETTINGS
OUTCOME
From Knowledgefull and Competent
to Knowledgeable and Capable
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Integrated Elective
Systematic
Problem Based
ContinuingCommunity Oriented
Student Centered
More Related to Methods and Settings
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• The curriculum consists of the course
description and all the lesson plans.
LP
LPLP
LP
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The course description (syllabus) typically includes the following sections:
-Course title -Purpose of the course -Course objectives -Training methods & techniques -Intended audience of the course -Place of training -Duration and schedule of the course,and -Trainers / resource/ persons
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Guidelines for Choosing Educational Methods
1. Maintain Congruence between Objectives and Methods.
2. Group specific measurable objectives of the curriculum as cognitive, affective ,or psychomotor objectives.
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Guidelines for Choosing Educational Methods
For example: If an objective of a curriculum is to improve
student ability to perform a procedure correctly, such as obtaining an IV access ,supervised practice with feedback and discussion of performance is likely to be more effective than lecture about the technique
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2-Use multiple educational methods.
Individual have different preferences for learning.
The use of different methods helps to maintain learner interest and provides opportunities for reinforcement of learning.
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3-Choose educational methods that are feasible in terms of resources.
Curriculums developers will need to consider
faculty time, space,availability of clinical material and experiences,and costs,as well as the availability of learner time.
In selecting education methods for a curriculum,it
is helpful to consider the advantages and disadvantages of each method.