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Taxonomy of Psychomotor
Domain of Learning
Menard Bautista RXT, RRT
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Objectives
Define skills
Determine the different levels in thepsychomotor domain
Explain how skills are acquired andtransferred
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References
Gagne R. 1985. The condition oflearning. New York: Holy, Rinehart andWinston
Klausmeier, H. J. and R. E Ripple1971.Leraning Human Abilities
Clark, D. (2009). Bloom's Taxonomy of
Learning Domains - The Three Typesof Learning. Retrieved 28thSeptember, 2009
Sana E. A. Teaching and Learning in
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Definition of Skill
A skill is a type of work or activitywhich requires special training andknowledge
Skill is the knowledge and ability thatenables a person to do something
well.
Collins Cobuild
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Gardner's theory
Different abilities can be developedindependently
Theory of Multiple Intelligence.
Intelligence is the capacity to solveproblems
Brualdy 1996
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Theory of Multiple Intelligence
1. Logical-mathematical
2. Linguistic
3. Spatial
4. Musical
5. Bodily kinesthethic
6. Interpersonal
7. Personal
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Three Main Groups of Skills
Object
motor-Behaviors that consist in manipulating
objects or performing a procedure
Language motor-Activities or behavior concerned with
communication
Feeling motor-Concerned with feelings through
movement.Klausmeier and Ripple 1971
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Psychomotor Domain
The psychomotor domain includesphysical movement, coordination, anduse of the motor-skill areas.
Development of these skills requires
practice and is measured in terms ofspeed, precision, distance, procedures,or techniques in execution.
The seven major categories in Simpson's
psychomotor domain are listed from thesimplest behavior to the most complex:
(Simpson, 1972)
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Taxonomy of PsychomotorDomain of Learning
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Perception The learner uses sensory cues to
guide motor activity. This ranges fromsensory stimulation, through cueselection, to translation.
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SetReadiness to act. It includes mental,
physical, and emotional sets.(sometimes called mindsets)
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Guided Responce
The early stages in learning a complex skill
that includes imitation and trial and error.Adequacy of performance is achieved bypracticing.
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MechanismThis is the intermediate stage in learning a
complex skill. Learned responses have
become habitual and the movements canbe performed with some confidence andproficiency
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Complex Overt ResponceThe skillful motor acts that involve complex
movement patterns. This categoryincludes performing without hesitation, andautomatic performance.
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AdaptationSkills are well developed and the
individual can modify movementpatterns to fit special requirements orrespond to specific problem situations
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OriginationCreating new movement patterns to fit a
particular situation or specific problem.Learning outcomes emphasize creativitybased upon highly developed skills.
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l
e
v
e
l
category or
level description
examples of activity
or evidence to be
measured
key words
1 Perception awarenessuse and/or selection
of senses to absorb
data for guiding
movementrecognize, distinguish,
notice, touch , hear,
feel, etc
2 Set readinessmental, physical or
emotional
preparation before
experience or taskarrange, prepare, get set
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3 GuidedResponse attempt
imitate or follow
instruction, trial
and errorimitate, copy, follow,
try
4 Mechanism basic proficiencycompetently
respond to stimulus
for actionmake, perform, shape,
complete
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5Complex
Overt
Responseexpert proficiency
execute a complex
process with
expertisecoordinate, fix,
demonstrate
6
Adaptation adaptable
proficiencyalter response to
reliably meetvarying challenges adjust, integrate, solve
7 Origination creativeproficiency
develop and execute
new integrated
responses and
activities
design, formulate,
modify, re-design,
trouble-shoot
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KNOWS
KNOWS HOW
SHOWS HOW
DOES Framework for clinicalassessmentMiller (1990)
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