Download - SEC B 2011 (1)
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VARIABLES
WHAT TO CHANGE ( WTC )
WHAT TO MEASURE / OBSERVE ( WTM / WTO )
WHAT TO KEEP THE SAME ( WTS )
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Saiz . Ketebalan .. Bentuk .
Panjang . Isipadu .
Ketinggian .. Kuantiti
Jisim . Suhu .
Jenis .. Jarak .. Month
Bilangan . Year
Jumlah .. Kecerahan Time
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1. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan satu aktiviti
A carpenter uses a saw to saw three wooden plank of thesame width and length but of different thickness. Table
below shows the time taken by the carpenter to saw thethree wooden planks.
Wooden plank Time taken to saw (min)
A 2B 4
C 6
WTC WTM
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What to change
( WTC )
What to measure( WTM )
What to keep thesame ( WTS )
Thickness ofwooden plank
Time taken tosaw the wooden
plank
Width of woodenplank
length of woodenplank
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2. Diagram below shows three children are sitting on threeswings that are of different length.
When the three children swung, they found that the speed ofthe swing is different from each other. The result arerecorded into table below.
Swing A B C
The speed of the swing Faster Fast Slow
WTC
WTM
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What to change
( WTC )
What to measure( WTM )
What to keep thesame ( WTS )
Length of swing
The speed of theswing
Weight ofchildren
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3. Diagram below shows an experiment.
Three test tube of different length are being stuck with astopper. Then they are heated for 10 minutes. The result arerecorded into the table below.
Test tube The time taken for the stopper toshoot out (min)
A 1
B 2
C 3
WTC WTM
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What to change
( WTC )
What to measure( WTM )
What to keep thesame ( WTS )
Length of testtube
Time taken forthe stopper toshoot out
The size offire
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4. Diagram below shows a man travels on an uneven roadwhich is 15 km long with three cars of different size of tires.
Table below shows the time taken for the cars to arrive at itsdestination.
Car Time taken to arrive min)
A 30B 20
C 10
WTC WTM
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What to change
( WTC )
What to measure( WTM )
What to keep thesame ( WTS )
Size of tires
Time taken toarrive
Distancetravel
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REASONS /INFERENCES
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1. Ajeet carried out an investigation to test the ability of anumber of objects to light up a bulb. Ajeet prepared thefollowing circuit. Each object was connected to the circuit.
(a) Using Ajeets results, state two reasons about thedifferences between objects in group P and group Q.
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Observation :
Object in group P does not light up the bulb,object in group Q light up the bulb.
Reasons :
1. Object P is an insulator and Q is aconductor.
Objek P bahan penebat, objek Q bahankonduktor
2. Object P cannot conduct electricity and Qconduct electricity.
Objek P tidak mengalirkan arus elektrik,
objek Q mengalirkan arus elektrik
WHY
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2. Siti has two rubber bands, X and Y. X and Y are of thesame length. She carries out an investigation using therubber bands. Each rubber band is hung with an identicalcup. Diagram below shows the results of the investigation.
(a) State two inferences about the length of rubber band Y.
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Observation :
Rubber band Y longer than rubber band X.
WHY
Reasons :
1. Rubber band Y more elastic than rubber bandX.
Gelang getah Y lebih kenyal berbanding X
2. Rubber band Y soft than rubber band X.
Gelang getah Y lebih lembut berbanding X.
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3. A pupil released toy car X down an inclined ramp. Thisactivity is repeated with toy car Y. Distance traveled by bothcars is recorded.
Table below shows the result of the investigation.
Toy car Distance traveled ( m )XY
12
(a) State two inferences that might explain why each toy
car travels a different distance.
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Observation :
Toy car Y travel further than toy car X.
Reasons :
1.Toy car Y heavier than toy car X.
Kereta mainan Y lebih berat berbanding X .
2. Toy car Y have bigger tires than toy carX.
Kereta mainan Y tayar lebih besar
berbanding X
WHY
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4. A group of students gathered information about theextinction of animal species in a particular forest. The barchart below shows the information obtained by the pupils.
(a) State two inferences to explain why the number of extinctanimals in year 2000 is the highest.
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Observation :
The number of extinct animals in year2000 is the highest.
Reasons :
1. Burning of forest
Pembakaran hutan
2. Construction of industrial area
Pembinaan kawasan perindustrian .
WHY
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CONCLUSION
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1. Table below shows information gathered by apupil in an investigation.
(a) State one conclusion that can be made frominformation in table above.
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What to change :
Date / day
Hari
What to measure :
Phase of the Moon
Fasa Bulan
Phase of the Moon largest on the 15 th day
Pada 15hb fasa bulan paling besarberbanding tarikh yang lain.
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2. In an experiment a pupil uses several paperclips and a magnet. The magnet is labeled at threedifferent position P, Q and R. Diagram below
shows the result of the experiment.
(a) What conclusion can be made from theexperiment?
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What to change :
Part of magnetBahagian magnet
What to measure :
Number of paperclips attracted
Bilangan klip kertas
dapat ditarik
The center of magnet is the least
number of paper clips attracted.Bahagian tengah magnet paling sedikit bilangan klip kertas dapatditarik.
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What to change :
Day
Hari
What to measure :
Size of the phasesof the Moon
Saiz fasa Bulan
At day 15 th size phases of the Moon isthe biggest.
Pada 15hb saiz fasa bulan paling besarberbanding hari yang lain.
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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 2VARIABLES
( 2 INFORMATION GATHERED )
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WTM BERGANTUNG WTC
WTM DIPENGARUHI WTC
WTC MEMPENGARUHI WTM
WTC MEMBERI KESAN WTM
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The time taken to evaporate depends on the surroundingtemperature.
Masa untuk penyejatan BERGANTUNG kepada suhu persekitaran.
WTC Surrounding temperature
WTM The time taken to evaporate
WTC
WTM
Trend
Trend
Surrounding temperature
The time taken to evaporate
increase
decrease
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Time taken by the sugar to dissolve affected by the mass ofsugar.
Masa untuk gula larut DIPENGARUHI oleh berat gula.
WTC
WTM
Mass of sugar
Time taken by the sugar to dissolve
WTC
WTM
Trend
Trend
Mass of sugar
Time taken by the sugar to
dissolve
increase
increase
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Time taken to boil affected by the volume of water.
Masa untuk mendidih DIPENGARUHI oleh isipadu air.
WTC
WTM
Volume of water
Time taken to boil
WTC
WTM
Trend
Trend
Volume of water
Time taken to boil
increase
increase
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Elongation of rubber band also depends on mass of weight .Pemanjangan gelang getah BERGANTUNG kepada beratbeban.
WTC
WTM
Mass of weight
Elongation of rubber band
WTC
WTM
Trend
Trend
Mass of weight
Elongation of rubber band
increase
increase
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Surrounding temperature influence the time taken to spoiltthe food.
Suhu persekitaran MEMPENGARUHI masa untuk makanan
menjadi rosak.
WTC
WTM
Surrounding temperature
Time taken to spoilt the food
WTC
WTM
Trend
Trend
Surrounding temperature
Time taken to spoilt the food
increase
increase
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The amount of pest presence in the farm affects theproduct of the farm .
Jumlah kehadiran serangga di ladang MEMPENGARUHI
hasil ladang.
WTC
WTM
The amount of pest presence in the farm
The product of the farm
WTC
WTM
Trend
Trend
The amount of pest presence in
the farm
The product of the farm
increase
decrease