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INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND
SCIENCE ,IPS ACADEMY INDORE
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Under the guidance of:
Mr.Deepesh Bhati
Miss.Sweety Jain
Miss.Sapna Gulani
Prepared by:
Sachin Parmar
0808EX101046
IIIrd Sem
SEMINAR ON:POWER FACTOR AND ITS
CORRECTION
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What is Power Factor?
Power Factor = cos
is the angle between voltage and current
phasor.
Power Factor is the ratio of resistance to the
impedance.
It is also the ratio of active power to the apparent
power.
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POWER TRIANGLE
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EXAMPLES OF ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT AND THEIREXAMPLES OF ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT AND THEIR
POWER FACTORPOWER FACTORName of Equipment Power Factor
Percent
Lightly loaded induction motor .20
Loaded induction motor .80
Neon-lighting equipment .30 - .70All types of resistance
heating devices
(e.g. toaster, space heater)
1
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Why Enforce Power Factor?
Places the cost burden more on those customers
causing the problem rather than all rate payers.
Improves system efficiency by reducing losses
Enhances system operation and reliability.
Increases system capacity capabilities.
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i. Equipment Design
ii. Operating Conditions
iii.Line voltage
What causes low power factor?
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DISADVANTAGES OF LOW POWER FACTOR
Greater conductor size
Poor efficiency
Larger voltage drop
Larger kVA rating of equipment
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POWER FACTOR CORRECTION
Power factor correction can be made in two ways:
Reduce the amount of reactive energy
Compensate artificially for the consumption of
reactive energy with power factor capacitor
Two type of equipment are available for powerfactor correction:
Rotary Equipment: Phase advancers,synchronous motors and synchronouscondensers
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Power factor correction is achieved by the
addition of capacitors in parallel with the
connected motor circuits and can be applied at
the starter, or applied at the switchboard ordistribution panel.
Two types of correction using capacitors Static correction
Bulk correction
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BENEFITS OF POWER FACTOR
CORRECTION
Benefit 1 - Reduce Utility Power Bills
Benefit 2 - Increase System Capacity
Benefit 3 - Improve System Operating
Characteristics
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RECOMMENDATIONS
Different strategies of correction, static versus
bulk.
Inverters, variable speed drives, and solid
state soft starters will affect design.
Power factor can be affected by harmonics,which can only be addressed with filters.
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CONCLUSION
Lastly after the completion of my project, I conclude
that improvement of power factor is necessary in both
consumer and supplier point of view. In some
industries penalty is charged due to maintenance oflow power factor. In some industries where power
consumed by the load is low, high ratings of
equipments are required. SVC Technologies and
Synchronous Generator are used for the improvement
of power factor.
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THANK YOU